Using a Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor for Rapid Detection of Salmonella Typhimurium in Chicken Carcass

Chicken is one of the most popular meat products in the world. Salmonella Typhimurium is a common foodbome pathogens associated with the processing of poultry. An optical Surface Plasmon Resonance （SPR） biosensor was sensitive to the presence of Salmonella Typhimurium in chicken carcass. The Spreeta biosensor kits were used to detect Salmonella Typhimurium on chicken carcass successfully. A taste sensor like electronic tongue or biosensors was used to basically ＂taste＂ the object and differentiated one object from the other with different taste sensor signatures. The surface plasmon resonance biosensor has potential for use in rapid, real-time detection and identification of bacteria, and to study the interaction of organisms with dif- ferent antisera or other molecular species. The selectivity of the SPR biosensor was assayed using a series of antibody con- centrations and dilution series of the organism. The SPR biosensor showed promising to detect the existence of Salmonella Typhimurium at 1 x 106 CFU/ml. Initial results show that the SPR biosensor has the potential for its application in pathogenic bacteria monitoring. However, more tests need to be done to confirm the detection limitation.

Technical-Economic Performance, Carcass and Meat Quality of COBB500 Broilers Fed Rations Incorporating Mango By-Product Feeds in Ivory Coast (West Africa)

The study evaluated the growth performance and carcass quality of COBB500 broilers fed two experimental rations incorporating feed and mango fine ED10 for a batch of 83 birds, ED20 (batch of 83 birds) in comparison with a commercial control ration CCD (84 birds). For this purpose, 250 day-old chicks of this breed were purchased in Korhogo and transported to Tengréla in Ivory Coast for rearing. The results show that substituting mango provender ans and mango seed flour for maize resulted in rations with costs per kgMS of 215.35FCFA, 2016.93FCFA and 320FCFA for the ED10, ED20 and CCD rations respectively. The production costs per kg of chicken (FCPkgLW) of the CCD ration were significantly higher than those of the ED10 and ED20 (p 0.05). ADGs were significantly different and decreasing from CCD, ED20 to ED10 (p 0.05). Average weights at 42nd day for ED20 and CCD were homogeneous (p > 0.05) and significantly higher than for ED10 (p 0.05). By day 49th the average weight of ED20 had reached and exceeded that of CCD by day 42nd. PSLW, HCW and CCW were significantly different and decreasing from CCW, ED20 to ED10 (p 0.05). Average hot (HCY) and cooled (CCY) carcass yields of ED20 and CCD rations were comparable (p > 0.05) and significantly higher than those of ED10 ration (p = 0.009) and 0.003). Average drumstick and neck weights were significantly higher and lower for CCD, ED20 and ED10 (p 0.05). For all other parts of the cut, the average weights of the CCD ration were significantly higher (p 0.05) than those of the ED20 and ED10 rations, which were homogeneous (p 0.05). The incorporation of mango provender and mango seed flour in broiler rations offers the prospect of reduced production costs, less competition between man and animals over cereals, and lean meat production that is more appreciated than that of chickens fed conventional feed. As it stands, the ED20 ration can be recommended as a growth diet for broilers. It would be necessary to determine the levels of anti-nutritional substances in mango feeds and to assess the in vivo digestibility of mango ingredients and the diets incorporating them.

Correlation Analysis on Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of CAPN1 Gene and Meat Quality and Carcass Traits in Chickens

The selection of meat quality has received considerable focus in chicken breeding. This study was aimed at investigating the effect of CAPN1 gene on meat quality traits in chicken populations. Primer pairs for 3 UTR in CAPN1 were designed from database of chicken genomic sequence. Polymorphisms were detected using PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing. A mutation at position 9 950 nt （G/A, locus A） was found among individuals in each population. The allele and genotype frequencies significantly differed among eight lines with higher frequencies of allele A2 and genotype AIA2 （P〈0.01）. The least square analysis showed that there was significant difference （P 〈 0.05） in muscle fiber density and some carcass traits among genotypes and that the breast muscle fiber density （BFD） of birds ofAIA1 genotype was significantly higher （P〈0.05） than that of birds ofA2A2 genotype. It was concluded that the CAPN1 gene was the major gene affecting the muscle fiber traits of chicken or was linked with the major gene. These results were useful for studying the molecular mechanism that influences meat traits and were used as the base of molecular-assisted selection to meat quality traits. So, this site may be a potential marker affecting the muscle traits of chickens.

FTO基因单核苷酸多态性对和盈黑鸡屠体及生长性状影响的研究

为了探究脂肪量和肥胖相关(fat mass and obesity associated,FTO)基因多态性及其对鸡屠体性状和生长性状的影响,试验采用DNA测序检测鸡FTO基因编码区的单核苷酸多态性(SNP),并采用一般线性模型中的LSD法分析FTO基因多态性对和盈黑鸡屠体性状和生长性状的影响。结果表明:在FTO基因第5外显子和第7外显子上各检测到一个SNP位点,分别为g.57337C>A和g.64757T>G突变。g.57337C>A突变形成AA、AB和BB 3种基因型,g.64757T>G突变形成TT、TG和GG 3种基因型。g.57337C>A位点对和盈黑鸡屠体重、宰前活重、头重、胸肌重、腿肌重上、肝脏重、心脏重7个屠体性状有显著或极显著影响(P<0.05或P<0.01),对8,10,16周龄体重影响显著(P<0.05)。g.64757T>G位点对和盈黑鸡宰前活重、全净膛重、半净膛重、屠体重和翅重5个屠体性状有显著影响(P<0.05),对16周龄体重影响显著(P<0.05)。说明FTO基因g.57337C>A和g.64757T>G位点可作为和盈黑鸡屠体性状和生长性状遗传改良的重要候选分子标记。

5个贵妃鸡配套系生长发育规律、屠宰性能和肉品质比较分析

旨在筛选出生长性能好、屠宰性能优良、肉品质鲜美的贵妃鸡杂交组合,为贵妃鸡的品种改良提供科学依据。本研究选择体重接近的20周龄健康贵妃鸡为母本,与河南农业大学家禽种质资源场培育的同周龄的豫农D系、豫农L系、豫农SHj系、豫农C系和豫农H系进行杂交配套试验,杂交后代分别为D×HD、L×HD、SHj×HD、C×HD、H×HD。各组合按性别选取健康雏鸡各50只,常规饲养至12周龄,每两周固定时间测定体重,采用Logistic、Gompertz和Von Bertallanffy 3种非线性生长曲线模型对其体重进行拟合,并随机挑选各组合12周龄健康试验鸡公母各6只进行屠宰,测定其生长性能、屠宰性能以及肉品质等指标,对各指标进行生物统计学分析。结果表明:Gompertz模型的拟合结果最优,拟合度均在0.998以上;在生产性能方面,C×HD组合的平均体重和体尺指标显著高于其他组合(P<0.05)且母鸡饲料报酬最高(2.59),SHj×HD组合公鸡饲料报酬最高(2.39);在屠宰性能方面,除L×HD和H×HD组合中的母鸡之外,其它组合公母鸡均达到半净膛率70%以上,全净膛率60%以上,肉用性能良好;在肉品质方面,D×HD组合的肉质较优于其他组合,但各组合滴水损失无显著差异。基于以上结果,C×HD组合在生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质等方面大多表现优异,可以在一定程度上满足消费者的需求。此外,研究结果也为贵妃鸡遗传资源的保护、进一步开发和品种选育提供重要参考依据,为贵妃鸡的高效养殖和推广提供了有力的支持。

羌山云朵鸡体重·体尺指标与屠宰性状的相关性分析

为研究羌山云朵鸡的体重、体尺指标和屠宰性状间的相关性,对21周龄羌山云朵鸡的体重、体尺指标、屠宰性状进行了测定,并进行了相关性分析。结果表明:羌山云朵鸡公鸡的平均屠宰率为89.23%,平均全净膛率为73.27%,说明羌山云朵鸡的肉用性能良好;相关性分析结果表明,体重、体尺指标和屠宰性状部分指标间存在显著或极显著相关;公鸡的体重、体尺指标均显著高于母鸡(P<0.05)。

发酵棉籽粕对肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能及胴体性状的影响

文章旨在研究发酵棉籽粕对肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能及胴体性状的影响。试验将480羽22日龄体重相近的快速型黄羽肉鸡随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复30羽。对照组饲喂玉米~豆粕型基础日粮,其余3组分别用10%、20%、30%发酵棉籽粕等氮替代豆粕。试验为期42 d。结果表明:(1)与对照组相比,20%发酵棉籽粕组肉鸡末重、平均日增重显著提高8.79%(P<0.05)、11.39%(P<0.05),料重比显著降低9.54%(P<0.05);10%发酵棉籽粕组肉鸡末重、平均日增重提高,料重比降低,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。(2)与对照组相比,10%发酵棉籽粕组、20%发酵棉籽粕组肉鸡法氏囊指数、脾脏指数、胸腺指数均显著提高(P<0.05);30%发酵棉籽粕组肉鸡胸腺指数显著提高(P<0.05)。(3)与对照组相比,10%发酵棉籽粕组肉鸡全净膛率、胸肌率显著提高(P<0.05);20%发酵棉籽粕组肉鸡全净膛重、全净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率显著提高(P<0.05)。结论:基础日粮中低水平的发酵棉籽粕能提高肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能及胴体性状。在不考虑成本因素情况下,发酵棉籽粕对豆粕的适宜替代水平为20%。

发酵杂交构树饲料对青脚麻鸡生长性能、屠宰性能及肌肉氨基酸含量的影响

旨在研究发酵杂交构树饲料对青脚麻鸡生长性能、屠宰性能及肌肉氨基酸含量的影响。选取25日龄青脚麻公鸡160只,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复10只,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组在基础日粮上分别添加3%、6%、9%的发酵杂交构树饲料,试验期45 d。结果:试验组与对照组的日采食量和料重比没有显著差异(P>0.05),试验Ⅲ组日增重较对照组显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,各试验组屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率、腿肌率、胸肌率、腹脂率均无显著差异(P>0.05);各试验组肌肉中赖氨酸、组氨酸、丙氨酸和谷氨酰胺含量均显著提高(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组肌肉中甘氨酸、门冬氨酸、总氨基酸、必需氨基酸、风味氨基酸含量显著提高(P<0.05)。试验组与对照组必需氨基酸/总氨基酸、必需氨基酸/非必需氨基酸、风味氨基酸/总氨基酸的比值均没有显著差异(P>0.05)。研究表明,在不影响青脚麻鸡生长性能的前提下,日粮中添加6%的发酵杂交构树饲料可以提高鸡肉风味及营养价值。

Comparative Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Local Horro and Exotic Cockerels of Tropical Origin Fed Growers Diet

Growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of male chickens were evaluated using eight-week-old 360 cockerels from three exotic (Koekoek, Kuroiler and Sasso-R) and one Ethiopian indigenous (Horro) genotypes. Cockerels in each breed (90) were randomly allocated into three replications of 30 birds each and housed in deep litter pens for the experiment that lasted for 8 to 16 weeks. The experiment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design. Seven birds per breed were slaughtered at the end to determine carcass yield, chemical composition and quality attributes of meat. The Kuroiler breed has higher body weight, body weight change (1621.8 g), average daily gain (28.9 g/day), daily feed consumption (127.4 g/day) and better feed conversion ratio (4.40) than other breeds. The Kuroiler breed has heavier slaughter weight (2716.3 g), dressed carcass weight (2201.0 g), eviscerated carcass weight (1905.1 g), breast weight (537.7 g), thigh weight (303.1 g) and drumstick weight (274.8 g) than other breeds. Total edible offal was higher for Kuroiler (324.2 g) and Sasso-R (306.1 g), intermediate in Koekoek (204.4 g) and low in Horro (152.4 g) breed. The relative proportion of breast and drumstick (% slaughter weight) were lower in Koekoek and Sasso-R (17.3 and 8.9) breeds, respectively. Abdominal fat weight (13.7 g and 1.02%) was lowest in Horro. Sasso-R showed higher percent edible offal weight (13.4%) than Horro breed (11.4%). The DM content in breast and thigh meat was higher for Horro breed than the rest. The CP content in the breast and thigh meat was lower for the Kuroiler and Koekoek breeds, respectively. Higher EE in the thigh meat was recorded for Sasso-R (8.9%), whereas, EE content in the breast meat was similar (3.4% - 3.7%) among the breeds. Flavor, tenderness, juiciness and general acceptability of breast and thigh meat were not affected by breed. The highest net return was observed in the Kuroiler breed. Based on the results obtained, it is suggested that the Kuroiler breed can be used for cockerel meat production in Ethiopia where intensive broiler production is not well developed.

基于机器视觉的鸡胴体原发性皮炎快速检测

利用机器视觉装置采集肉鸡屠宰线上鸡胴体的三方向视图共计948张图片,构建一种快速识别鸡胴体原发性皮炎方法。图像经预处理后用网格分割成128像素×128像素大小的图片,从皮炎鸡胴体中筛选出762张皮炎皮肤图,从正常鸡胴体中筛选出正常皮肤图775张,共计1537张。提取图像的三阶颜色矩、灰度共生矩阵特征的均值与方差、Tamura纹理特征,并提取皮炎区域分割阈值与面积,共计24个特征值。通过主成分分析降维,分别建立线性判别分析模型、二次判别分析模型、支持向量机、随机森林、反向传播神经网络和GoogLeNet模型,比较其分类效果。在所有模型中,以GoogLeNet对皮炎皮肤样本的分类效果最好,总准确率为90.5%,平均检测速率为122.65张/s,在对整鸡胴体的预测中,皮炎鸡胴体的预测准确率为100%,正常鸡胴体的预测准确率为90%。

宰前电击晕对鸡肉品质影响的研究进展

以鸡肉为主的禽肉由于高蛋白、低脂肪、低胆固醇、低热量、营养价值高,深受消费者喜爱,近年来在我国成为仅次于猪肉的第二大消费肉类。随着肉鸡屠宰行业的不断发展,在国内动物福利越来越受到重视,肉鸡宰前处理越发受到关注。击晕作为保证动物福利的重要步骤,对降低肉鸡的应激、提升肉质有积极作用。电击晕方便、经济、所需空间小,是禽类流水线屠宰广泛使用的击晕方法,可以减少肉鸡胴体损伤和宰前应激程度、降低次品率、改善鸡肉品质、提升食用口感,探究适宜的电击晕参数成为多年来的研究重点。本文介绍动物的不同击晕方法,综述宰前电击晕对鸡肉品质影响的研究现状、影响电击晕效果的因素、国内外电击晕的标准化现状,分析电击晕的优势与应用,同时对未来的发展前景进行展望,旨在为后续研究和标准制定提供参考。

甜菜碱与酵母铬对4～7周龄肉仔鸡胴体品质及脂质代谢的影响

选用21 日龄AA 肉仔鸡288 只,随机分为9 个处理组,每组32 只,设4 个重复,每个重复8 只。采用3×3(酵母铬×甜菜碱)二因子三水平有重复试验设计。在玉米-豆粕型日粮基础上添加不同水平的酵母铬(以铬计0、400、600 μg·kg-1)与甜菜碱(0、800、1 000 mg·kg-1)以饲喂基础日粮组为对照组,用以研究二者对肉仔鸡胴体品质及脂质代谢的影响,并初步探讨二者的互作效应。试验期4 周,结果表明:(1)甜菜碱与酵母铬对肉仔鸡的屠宰率、腹脂率、全净膛率均有互作效应(P<0.01),半净膛率无互作效应。屠宰率、全净膛率均显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。腹脂率均显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。(2)甜菜碱和酵母铬对肝脏、胸肌、腿肌TG、TC 均有互作效应(P<0.01)。8 个试验组均低于对照组(P<0.01)。综合分析,效果最佳的为1 000mg·kg-1甜菜碱+400 μg·kg-1酵母铬组。(3)第7 周末,各试验组血清总胆固醇(TC)、尿酸(UA)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)、葡萄糖(Glu)均低于对照组(P<0.01);而血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)均高于对照组(P<0.01)。

不同饲养方式对固始鸡生产性能的影响

将固始鸡饲养至4周后,分别笼养和放养至18周,测量其体尺、屠体性能,到42周龄测量蛋品质。结果表明,笼养和放养的活重差异显著(P>0.05),其余屠宰指标差异不显著;蛋品质除了蛋重和蛋壳厚度差异显著(P<0.05)外,其余指标差异均不显著;放养条件下,纤维素酶高于笼养,而对总蛋白水解酶、胰蛋白酶和胃蛋白酶影响不显著。

藏鸡屠宰性能及肉质特性

为研究藏鸡的肉用开发价值,测定了150日龄藏鸡的产肉性能、肉质指标、氨基酸和肌苷酸含量。结果表明,藏鸡公、母屠体率分别为88.95%和88.74%,半净膛率分别为75.55%和74.65%,全净膛率分别为56.30%和55.34%,胸肌率分别为15.00%和15.97%,腿肌率分别为23.69%和23.09%,胸肌滴水损失分别为2.68%和2.62%,肉色分别为3.52和3.74,剪切力值分别为2.95和3.08 kg,熟肉率分别为72.03%和71.12%,氨基酸质量分数分别为20.67%和19.78%,肌苷酸分别为2.32和2.50 mg/g。与我国其他地方鸡种比较,藏鸡屠宰性能低,但胸肌和腿肌率高,氨基酸含量高,人体必需氨基酸和鲜味氨基酸比例大;因此藏鸡具有肉质鲜美的特点,是发展具有高原特色优质养殖业的良好品种。

肉鸡胴体中沙门氏菌的分离鉴定及多重耐药谱研究

目的:为了解肉鸡胴体中沙门氏菌的污染状况、多重耐药状况及耐药程度,对样品中的沙门氏菌进行分离鉴定和药敏试验研究。方法:根据GB/T 4789—2008对沙门氏菌进行分离鉴定,采用微量肉汤稀释法测定分离株的耐药性。结果:肉鸡胴体沙门氏菌的检出率高达34.8%;样品中分离的沙门氏菌血清型主要为奥尔巴尼型(29.6%)和印第安纳型(50.7%);药敏试验显示,大多数沙门氏菌至少对3种以上的抗生素产生耐药,耐3～7种药物的有24株(33.8%),耐8～12种药物的有19株(26.8%),耐13～16种药物的有26株(36.6%);分离株对抗生素的耐药情况是:萘啶酸(100%)、磺胺嘧啶(98.6%)、氨苄青霉素(97.2%)、复方磺胺甲恶唑(85.9%)、四环素(85.9%)和阿莫西林/克拉维酸(84.5%)。结论:肉鸡胴体中沙门氏菌的污染现象严重,沙门氏菌耐药或多重耐药现象十分普遍,未来应加强对鸡胴体中沙门氏菌感染及耐药的监测。

利用高光谱图像技术检测鸡胴体内部粪便污染物

以鸡胴体为研究对象,探讨基于高光谱图像技术的鸡胴体内部粪便污染物检测方法。首先采集400～1 000 nm的鸡胴体高光谱图像;然后应用主成分分析(PCA)获得主成分图像,由第1主成分图像得到3个特征波长518.59,562.64,700.67 nm,并以700.67 nm特征波长下的图像作为鸡胴体内部粪便污染物检测特征图像;最后构建掩膜以消除特征图像背景噪声并将其置为白色,并运用阈值分割和数学形态学完成粪便污染物的提取。试验结果表明,对100个鸡胴体样本进行检测,检测总正确率为93%。应用高光谱图像技术结合主成分分析等数据处理方法能较好地完成对鸡胴体内部粪便污染物检测,为鸡胴体内部粪便污染物在线快速检测提供重要的理论依据。

肉鸡屠宰加工过程中胴体微生物污染分析及不同冲淋条件对胴体减菌的影响

测定肉鸡在屠宰加工过程中脱毛后、掏内脏后、胴体清洗后、预冷后、分割后、速冻后胴体表面的菌落总数、大肠菌群、肠球菌数量以及检测产品的金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌；通过对不同浓度乳酸、不同温度热水、不周冲淋时间进行均匀设计分组，冲淋处理胴体清洗前的肉鸡胴体，测定其菌落总数。肉鸡在整个屠宰生产链上胴体污染的菌落总数、大肠菌群和肠球菌数分别为4．56～5．74、2．66～4．81、2．01～3．57（log10 CFU／cm2）。肉鸡产品的菌落总数4．57（log10 CFU／cm2）符合GB16869—2005鲜、冻禽产品标准，大肠菌群3．50（log10 CFU／cm2）、金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌的检出率分别为37．25％、12．75％，不符合标准，肠球菌没有限量标准，但产品的肠球菌数（2．53（log10 CFU／cm2））较高；对肉鸡胴体表面减菌的适宜条件为乳酸浓度1．5％、热水温度50℃、冲淋时间15s，可减少菌落总数1．998（10g。。CFU／cm。）。肉鸡屠宰过程中胴体微生物污染较严重，存在致病菌污染，乳酸结合热水冲淋可显著减少肉鸡胴体表面的菌落总数。

北京油鸡体脂分布及沉积规律研究

本试验以北京油鸡为素材,对不同生长阶段体脂分布和沉积规律进行初步研究,旨在为家禽生产和脂类研究提供一定的理论基础。试验选用1日龄北京油鸡(公雏)130只,基础饲粮饲养,试验期24周。结果显示:1)脂肪在肌肉、腹部、皮下的沉积量随着饲养时间的延长而极显著增加(P<0.01)。2)8周前,脂肪在肌肉中的沉积率显著下降(P<0.05),8～14周显著上升(P<0.05)。3)脂肪在皮下、肌肉、血液中的沉积比在腹部沉积得早,但在腹部沉积得快,沉积量大。4)出雏时,脂肪在血液和肌肉中的含量显著高于出雏后(P<0.05)。5)活体重、肝脏重与腹脂重在各部位沉积量呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。由此可见,北京油鸡体内脂肪沉积在血液、肌肉和皮下的沉积早于腹部,体成熟后脂肪沉积量和沉积率都达到最大。

林间草地放养对北京油鸡屠宰性能及肉、蛋品质的影响

为研究林间种草放养北京油鸡对其屠宰性能及肉、蛋品质的影响,在5年生的板栗园建立菊苣和紫花苜蓿（1∶1）混播人工草地,并划区轮换放养北京油鸡,测定其屠宰性能、胸肌和腿肌的营养成分及蛋品质。结果显示,与清耕放养（林下光板地）比较,混播草地划区轮换放养的北京油鸡屠宰性能均提高,其中腿肌质量、胸肌质量、腹脂质量分别显著增加22.25%、15.33%、108.71%,腿肌率、胸肌率、腹脂率分别提高19.23%、12.00%、100.00%;腿肌粗灰分、必需氨基酸含量分别显著增加23.42%、20.89%,胸肌钙含量显著增加29.99%,而胸肌粗脂肪、粗灰分含量分别显著降低15.69%、33.02%;蛋黄胆固醇含量显著下降14.58%。在减少15%精料日补饲量的情况下,放养至8~17周龄和18~25周龄时,与清耕放养比较,混播草地划区轮换放养组料重比分别显著下降17.65%、15.94%。可见,林间种草放养北京油鸡能够提高屠宰性能和肉、蛋品质,提高生产效益。

文昌鸡的屠宰性能及性状间的相关性分析

为了解海南省地方品种文昌鸡的肉用性能特点,对文昌鸡、仙居鸡、海兰褐蛋鸡、岭南黄肉鸡和艾维茵肉仔鸡在各自上市日龄进行了屠宰测定。文昌鸡的活重、屠体重、半净膛重、全净膛重、腿肌重与海兰褐相当,显著低于其它3个鸡种;屠宰率、半净膛率显著高于仙居鸡和海兰褐而低于艾维茵;胸肌率显著低于海兰褐和艾维茵;腿肌率显著高于岭南黄和艾维茵。文昌鸡的皮下脂肪厚、肌间脂肪宽和腹脂率在5个鸡种中最高;胫长、胸骨长最短。文昌鸡的胸骨长与活重、屠体重、半净膛重、全净膛重、胸肌重、腿肌重、翅重的相关系数在0．58-0．76 之间;胫长与活重、屠体重、半净膛重、全净膛重、胸肌重、翅重的相关系数在0．49-0．68之间。