The early childhood care is important not only for individual Greek children and families but also for Greek society at large. Furthermore, it needs to be secured that the burden of labour and the raising of child is ...The early childhood care is important not only for individual Greek children and families but also for Greek society at large. Furthermore, it needs to be secured that the burden of labour and the raising of child is not only a woman＇s duty. There is a broad recognition that a strategy for developing early childhood services and childcare to support mother＇s labour force participation is in the public interest and should be the primary scope of the national health and social care policy. The inadequate organization of the child welfare system has adverse effects on the well-being, and function of the family. Only the improvement of the expected protection can lead to social politics that will give a chance to mother and child to live in conditions fitting human value and dignity. Herein, we presented the regulations and services along with health care professionals that refer to the protection of child in Greece.展开更多
The media has played an important role in raising the public awareness and knowledge on child abuse.Yet,we do not know how child psychological maltreatment was presented in the media and how it might colour our common...The media has played an important role in raising the public awareness and knowledge on child abuse.Yet,we do not know how child psychological maltreatment was presented in the media and how it might colour our common understanding of the problem.This article presents the results of a qualitative research on social representations of child psychological maltreatment in the Quebec media.More specifically,the study aimed to investigate how child abuse and child psychological maltreatment were presented in the Quebec media when psychological maltreatment was formally integrated into the Youth Protection Act in 2006.85 newspaper articles were analyzed.We identified various forms of anchoring and objectivation of social representations,including the emotional anchoring and objectivation of abuse in moral outrage,compassion,and fear,as well as various metaphors,personifications,and antinomies related to the issue.Cross-sectional analysis of the data revealed the thematic anchoring of representations of child maltreatment in the thêmata self/other and justice/injustice.This article discusses the implications of these results regarding social exclusion and the othering process of marginalized groups.Finally,we will address the repercussions of these thêmata on current solutions and action plans to end child abuse and maltreatment.展开更多
Objectives: To carry out the assessment of CT scans in children at the Charles de Gaulle University Hospital Center (CGUPH). Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective collection descriptive cross-sectional study ...Objectives: To carry out the assessment of CT scans in children at the Charles de Gaulle University Hospital Center (CGUPH). Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective collection descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from July 1 to November 29, 2021 in the Radiology Department of the CGUPH, having included computed tomography (CT) reports of patients under 18 years of age. The variables explored were the data reported on CT reports (type of scan, reason for examination, dose delivered, and abnormalities described). Results: Two hundred and ninety explorations were collected. The average age was 2.93 years with extremes of 0 and 17 years. The sex ratio was 1.35. Computed tomography scans mainly explored the cranioencephalic, spinal and abdominal stages. The most common reasons for exploration were fetal suffering and head injuries. The most frequently described lesions were anoxo-ischemic sequelar lesions. Mean irradiation doses were 1096 ± 670 mGy·cm for the cranial-encephalic stage, 603 ± 332 mGy·cm for the spine and 311 ± 395 mGy·cm for the thoracic stage. Conclusion: CT in children mainly explored the brain and concerned children under 5 years. Anatomical irradiation doses were higher than diagnostic reference levels in several countries. Optimization of scanning protocols and availability of MRI would reduce ionizing radiation in children.展开更多
目的探讨氟化钠护齿剂对幼儿园儿童乳牙患龋率和龋面变化的影响。方法选取2017年1月本地区10所公办幼儿园共330名儿童作为研究对象,随机分为三组,每组各110名儿童,A组给予氟化钠护齿剂(含5%氟化钠)0.2 m L/次,1次/年;B组给予入氟化钠护...目的探讨氟化钠护齿剂对幼儿园儿童乳牙患龋率和龋面变化的影响。方法选取2017年1月本地区10所公办幼儿园共330名儿童作为研究对象,随机分为三组,每组各110名儿童,A组给予氟化钠护齿剂(含5%氟化钠)0.2 m L/次,1次/年;B组给予入氟化钠护齿剂0.1 m L/次,1次/年;C组儿童作为空白对照组,记录涂氟后三组儿童2年内乳牙患龋率、龋面均、新增龋面变化、致龋菌检出情况以及涂氟后尿氟浓度变化。结果A组与B组干预后第2年龋齿发生率分别为37.27%、39.09%低于C组51.82%(P<0.05);A组、B组第1年、第2年龋均值低于C组(P<0.05);A组与B组儿童涂氟后第1年与第2年乳牙颊舌面、邻面、牙合面新生龋面均值低于C组(P<0.05);A组与B组儿童干预第2年变形链球菌、远缘链球菌、乳杆菌检出率低于C组(P<0.05);A组、B组儿童涂氟后6 h、12 h尿氟浓度高于C组儿童(P<0.05);三组儿童涂氟后24 h、48 h尿氟浓度比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A组与B组儿童涂氟后龋齿发生率、龋均值、新生龋面、致龋菌检出率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论氟化钠的应用可降低幼儿园儿童龋齿发生率,减少新生龋面,降低致龋菌检出率,无需涂布过多剂量的氟化钠即可达到较好的防龋效果,安全性较高。展开更多
Child abuse is a global problem. It includes all forms of physical and emotional ill-treatment, sexual abuse, neglect, and exploitation that result in actual or potential harm to the child’s health, development or di...Child abuse is a global problem. It includes all forms of physical and emotional ill-treatment, sexual abuse, neglect, and exploitation that result in actual or potential harm to the child’s health, development or dignity. Child abuse and neglect are common in Nigeria, yet poorly reported. We herein report a case of child abuse and neglect in a 14-year-old boy, complicated by severe malnutrition, human immunodeficiency virus infection and gross under achievement of educational goal. The social and economic factors that play major roles are highlighted with the aim of sensitizing health care professionals, child advocacy groups, policy makers and other stakeholders on the impact of child abuse. We also hope that this would remind all concerned organisations and individuals of child protection which is integrated in the child right act 2003 adopted by Nigeria.展开更多
Background: Multiple traumatization in childhood is a broad term that includes interpersonal trauma experiences such as physical, sexual, and emotional abuse and neglect. Children with a child protection case referred...Background: Multiple traumatization in childhood is a broad term that includes interpersonal trauma experiences such as physical, sexual, and emotional abuse and neglect. Children with a child protection case referred to counseling are likely to be in high risk of multiple exposure to interpersonal trauma. We aim to demonstrate that systematic assessment with validated measures is feasible in this age group. Method: The Center for Interventions of Children and Adolescents (CIBU), Denmark, provided a new assessment screening procedure where 16 caregivers with children in the age of 4 - 8-years-old participated prior to initiating counseling in a public family treatment facility. We utilized the Diagnostic Infant Preschool Assessment (DIPA) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The SDQ was compared with Danish norms. Results: The data suggest that psychopathology was present among all 16 children in this high-risk sample. Distribution of disorders showed 93.8% prevalence of comorbidity. All 16 children had difficulties regarding psychosocial functioning when compared to a Danish norm population. Most profound was emotional symptoms and symptoms of hyperactivity and inattention. Conclusion: This study revealed a higher prevalence of psychiatric disorders and higher rates of psychosocial difficulties in referred children than in children from the general population. Overall, children in this study had complex symptom profiles. Thus, a systematic approach may be helpful in public treatment facilities, and we suggest the implementation of valid evidence-based instruments.展开更多
“The best interests of the child”is an essential principle of the Convention on the Rights of the Child.Due to the abstractness and ambiguity of this principle,its application is inevitably subject to the judge’s p...“The best interests of the child”is an essential principle of the Convention on the Rights of the Child.Due to the abstractness and ambiguity of this principle,its application is inevitably subject to the judge’s personality.Through empirical analysis,we can find that the judicial documents invoking the principle of“the best interests of the child”by Chinese courts show a significant increase in the number of disputes,types of disputes,and pronounced regional characteristics.The application of this principle by the courts is highly consistent with the judicial interpretative documents issued by the Supreme People’s Court.The invocation of this principle plays the role of interpreting the provisions of the law,the value basis for discretion,and the value orientation for shaping new rules in adjudication.At the same time,it is plagued by a lack of guidelines for the application of principles,invocations that serve the will of judges,and imperfect thinking in weighing the various factors involved.The application of this principle should be improved by setting normative standards for the principle of“the best interests of the child”,increasing case guidance for invoking the principle,and enhancing the professionalism of judges.展开更多
文摘The early childhood care is important not only for individual Greek children and families but also for Greek society at large. Furthermore, it needs to be secured that the burden of labour and the raising of child is not only a woman＇s duty. There is a broad recognition that a strategy for developing early childhood services and childcare to support mother＇s labour force participation is in the public interest and should be the primary scope of the national health and social care policy. The inadequate organization of the child welfare system has adverse effects on the well-being, and function of the family. Only the improvement of the expected protection can lead to social politics that will give a chance to mother and child to live in conditions fitting human value and dignity. Herein, we presented the regulations and services along with health care professionals that refer to the protection of child in Greece.
基金This work was supported by the Fonds de Recherche,Sociétéet Culture[209689,2016-2020]the Ontario Graduate Scholarship Program[2017-2018-2019-2020].
文摘The media has played an important role in raising the public awareness and knowledge on child abuse.Yet,we do not know how child psychological maltreatment was presented in the media and how it might colour our common understanding of the problem.This article presents the results of a qualitative research on social representations of child psychological maltreatment in the Quebec media.More specifically,the study aimed to investigate how child abuse and child psychological maltreatment were presented in the Quebec media when psychological maltreatment was formally integrated into the Youth Protection Act in 2006.85 newspaper articles were analyzed.We identified various forms of anchoring and objectivation of social representations,including the emotional anchoring and objectivation of abuse in moral outrage,compassion,and fear,as well as various metaphors,personifications,and antinomies related to the issue.Cross-sectional analysis of the data revealed the thematic anchoring of representations of child maltreatment in the thêmata self/other and justice/injustice.This article discusses the implications of these results regarding social exclusion and the othering process of marginalized groups.Finally,we will address the repercussions of these thêmata on current solutions and action plans to end child abuse and maltreatment.
文摘Objectives: To carry out the assessment of CT scans in children at the Charles de Gaulle University Hospital Center (CGUPH). Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective collection descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from July 1 to November 29, 2021 in the Radiology Department of the CGUPH, having included computed tomography (CT) reports of patients under 18 years of age. The variables explored were the data reported on CT reports (type of scan, reason for examination, dose delivered, and abnormalities described). Results: Two hundred and ninety explorations were collected. The average age was 2.93 years with extremes of 0 and 17 years. The sex ratio was 1.35. Computed tomography scans mainly explored the cranioencephalic, spinal and abdominal stages. The most common reasons for exploration were fetal suffering and head injuries. The most frequently described lesions were anoxo-ischemic sequelar lesions. Mean irradiation doses were 1096 ± 670 mGy·cm for the cranial-encephalic stage, 603 ± 332 mGy·cm for the spine and 311 ± 395 mGy·cm for the thoracic stage. Conclusion: CT in children mainly explored the brain and concerned children under 5 years. Anatomical irradiation doses were higher than diagnostic reference levels in several countries. Optimization of scanning protocols and availability of MRI would reduce ionizing radiation in children.
文摘目的探讨氟化钠护齿剂对幼儿园儿童乳牙患龋率和龋面变化的影响。方法选取2017年1月本地区10所公办幼儿园共330名儿童作为研究对象,随机分为三组,每组各110名儿童,A组给予氟化钠护齿剂(含5%氟化钠)0.2 m L/次,1次/年;B组给予入氟化钠护齿剂0.1 m L/次,1次/年;C组儿童作为空白对照组,记录涂氟后三组儿童2年内乳牙患龋率、龋面均、新增龋面变化、致龋菌检出情况以及涂氟后尿氟浓度变化。结果A组与B组干预后第2年龋齿发生率分别为37.27%、39.09%低于C组51.82%(P<0.05);A组、B组第1年、第2年龋均值低于C组(P<0.05);A组与B组儿童涂氟后第1年与第2年乳牙颊舌面、邻面、牙合面新生龋面均值低于C组(P<0.05);A组与B组儿童干预第2年变形链球菌、远缘链球菌、乳杆菌检出率低于C组(P<0.05);A组、B组儿童涂氟后6 h、12 h尿氟浓度高于C组儿童(P<0.05);三组儿童涂氟后24 h、48 h尿氟浓度比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A组与B组儿童涂氟后龋齿发生率、龋均值、新生龋面、致龋菌检出率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论氟化钠的应用可降低幼儿园儿童龋齿发生率,减少新生龋面,降低致龋菌检出率,无需涂布过多剂量的氟化钠即可达到较好的防龋效果,安全性较高。
文摘Child abuse is a global problem. It includes all forms of physical and emotional ill-treatment, sexual abuse, neglect, and exploitation that result in actual or potential harm to the child’s health, development or dignity. Child abuse and neglect are common in Nigeria, yet poorly reported. We herein report a case of child abuse and neglect in a 14-year-old boy, complicated by severe malnutrition, human immunodeficiency virus infection and gross under achievement of educational goal. The social and economic factors that play major roles are highlighted with the aim of sensitizing health care professionals, child advocacy groups, policy makers and other stakeholders on the impact of child abuse. We also hope that this would remind all concerned organisations and individuals of child protection which is integrated in the child right act 2003 adopted by Nigeria.
文摘Background: Multiple traumatization in childhood is a broad term that includes interpersonal trauma experiences such as physical, sexual, and emotional abuse and neglect. Children with a child protection case referred to counseling are likely to be in high risk of multiple exposure to interpersonal trauma. We aim to demonstrate that systematic assessment with validated measures is feasible in this age group. Method: The Center for Interventions of Children and Adolescents (CIBU), Denmark, provided a new assessment screening procedure where 16 caregivers with children in the age of 4 - 8-years-old participated prior to initiating counseling in a public family treatment facility. We utilized the Diagnostic Infant Preschool Assessment (DIPA) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The SDQ was compared with Danish norms. Results: The data suggest that psychopathology was present among all 16 children in this high-risk sample. Distribution of disorders showed 93.8% prevalence of comorbidity. All 16 children had difficulties regarding psychosocial functioning when compared to a Danish norm population. Most profound was emotional symptoms and symptoms of hyperactivity and inattention. Conclusion: This study revealed a higher prevalence of psychiatric disorders and higher rates of psychosocial difficulties in referred children than in children from the general population. Overall, children in this study had complex symptom profiles. Thus, a systematic approach may be helpful in public treatment facilities, and we suggest the implementation of valid evidence-based instruments.
基金a phased result of the research project“Studies on the Relationship Between the Constitution and International Law”(18BFX034)backed by the National Social Science Fund of China
文摘“The best interests of the child”is an essential principle of the Convention on the Rights of the Child.Due to the abstractness and ambiguity of this principle,its application is inevitably subject to the judge’s personality.Through empirical analysis,we can find that the judicial documents invoking the principle of“the best interests of the child”by Chinese courts show a significant increase in the number of disputes,types of disputes,and pronounced regional characteristics.The application of this principle by the courts is highly consistent with the judicial interpretative documents issued by the Supreme People’s Court.The invocation of this principle plays the role of interpreting the provisions of the law,the value basis for discretion,and the value orientation for shaping new rules in adjudication.At the same time,it is plagued by a lack of guidelines for the application of principles,invocations that serve the will of judges,and imperfect thinking in weighing the various factors involved.The application of this principle should be improved by setting normative standards for the principle of“the best interests of the child”,increasing case guidance for invoking the principle,and enhancing the professionalism of judges.
