BACKGROUND Hepatectomy is the main treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and it has a high possibility for long-term cure potential.But the postoperative mortality and recurrence rates remain high.S...BACKGROUND Hepatectomy is the main treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and it has a high possibility for long-term cure potential.But the postoperative mortality and recurrence rates remain high.Since the long-term prognosis of HCC patients is strongly linked to liver function,preoperative assessment of liver function is very important for HCC patients.AIM To compare the predictive power of the modified Child-Pugh(MCP)and albumin-bilirubin(ALBI)grades for the long-term outcome of HCC.METHODS From January 2010 to June 2017,a total of 204 patients with HCC who underwent surgery at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were enrolled in this retrospective study.Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to determine the independent predictive factors of survival and relapse.The area under the curve(AUC)was used to evaluate the discriminative performance of the MCP grade and ALBI grade to predict the postoperative overall survival(OS)time and recurrence-free survival(RFS)time.RESULTS The median OS and RFS times were 44.0 mo(range:22.0-74.0 mo)and 22.0 mo(range:5.0-45.0 mo),respectively.The median OS and RFS times of MCP grades 1,2,and 3 patients were 60.0,39.0,and 18.0 mo(P<0.001)and 36.0,15.0,and 7.0 mo(P<0.001),respectively.The median OS and RFS times of ALBI grades 1,2,and 3 patients were 56.0,26.0,and 6.0 mo(P<0.001)and 25.0,10.0,and 3.0 mo(P=0.003),respectively.Both the MCP and ALBI grades were more accurate than the Child-Pugh grade for predicting long-term prognosis.Further analysis demonstrated that for both predicting OS and RFS,the MCP grade performed better than the ALBI grade(AUC:0.642 vs 0.605 for OS;0.659 vs 0.594 for RFS).CONCLUSION The MCP grade is more accurate than the ALBI grade for predicting long-term outcome of patients with HCC.展开更多
目的:筛选c-MYC/Bcl-2重排的弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,DLBCL)潜在的高风险致病基因及致病通路,为此类淋巴瘤的发病机制提供理论依据。方法:从基因表达数据库(GEO)下载GSE44164及GSE43677数据集,选择c-MYC/Bcl-...目的:筛选c-MYC/Bcl-2重排的弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,DLBCL)潜在的高风险致病基因及致病通路,为此类淋巴瘤的发病机制提供理论依据。方法:从基因表达数据库(GEO)下载GSE44164及GSE43677数据集,选择c-MYC/Bcl-2重排的DLBCL数据为实验组、生发中心B细胞为对照组。采用R程序语言的limma包、WGCNA包及clusterProfiler包对获得的mRNA转录组数据进行差异表达分析、基因共表达变化分析、GO功能富集分析与KEGG信号通路富集分析。使用STRING数据库对差异表达基因(DEGs)进行蛋白互相作用网络分析,并使用Cytoscape软件内置的插件(包括CytoHubba及CytoNca插件)筛选核心基因。采用第二代高通量测序技术对IM-9细胞系及DOHH-2细胞系进行mRNA转录组测序,使用Read count值将核心基因进行配对样本t检验,筛选P值具有统计学意义的基因为疾病的核心基因。挑选部分关键基因使用Western Blot技术在蛋白层面进行验证。结果:差异分析共得到835个DEGs,WGCNA获得一个与c-MYC/Bcl-2重排的DLBCL高度相关的模块(turquoise模块,cor=0.86,P值<0.05)。GO富集分析结果显示生物学进程BP共富集到1 437条,细胞组分CC富集到123条,分子功能相关MF富集到147条;KEGG富集到72条相关通路,主要与ECM受体相互作用、B细胞受体信号通路及PI3K-Akt信号通路等相关。STRING数据库中PPI网络共得到284个相互关联作用的蛋白质,通过Cytoscape软件进一步筛选,再通过二代高通量测序及蛋白验证得出COL1A1、COL3A1、COL1A2、MMP2、COL5A1、COL5A2、COL4A2、TIMP1、MMP9、POSTN、BGN、DCN、LUM为此类淋巴瘤的核心基因,影响此类淋巴瘤细胞生存、侵袭和迁移等。结论:使用生物信息学及基础实验相结合的方法探究与c-MYC/Bcl-2重排的DLBCL淋巴瘤细胞致病或侵袭迁移等相关的关键基因,为更深入地探索此类淋巴瘤发生发展机制及寻找相关靶向药物提供理论依据。展开更多
B4C, SiC and C, Cu functionally graded-materials (FGMs) have been developed by plasma spraying and hot pressing. Their high-heat flux properties have been investigated by high energy laser and electron beam for the si...B4C, SiC and C, Cu functionally graded-materials (FGMs) have been developed by plasma spraying and hot pressing. Their high-heat flux properties have been investigated by high energy laser and electron beam for the simulation of plasma disruption process of the future fusion reactors, And a study on eroded products of B4C/Cu FGM under transient thermal load of electron beam was performed. In the experiment, SEM and EDS analysis indicated that B4C and SiC were decomposed, carbon was preferentially evaporated under high thermal load, and a part of Si and Cu were melted, in addition, the splash of melted metal and the particle emission of brittle destruction were also found. Different erosive behaviors of carbon-based materials (CBMs) caused by laser and electron beam were also discussed.展开更多
The bogie made of Grade B+ steel is one of the most important parts of heavy haul trains. Some accidents were found to be the result of fracture failure of the bogies. It is very important to find the reason why the f...The bogie made of Grade B+ steel is one of the most important parts of heavy haul trains. Some accidents were found to be the result of fracture failure of the bogies. It is very important to find the reason why the fracture failure occurred. Because Al was added for the final deoxidation during the smelting process of the Grade B+Steel, residual Al existed to some extent in the castings. High residual Al content in the bogie casting was presumed to be the reason for the fracture. In this work, the influence of residual Al content in the range of 0.015wt.% to 0.3wt.% on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the Grade B+ Steel was studied. The experimental results showed that when the residual Al content is between 0.02wt.% and 0.20wt.%, the mechanical properties of the steel meet the requirements of technical specification for heavy haul train parts, and the fracture is typical plastic fractures. If the residual Al content is less than 0.02wt.%, the microstructures are coarse, and the mechanical properties can not meet the demand of bogie steel castings. When the residual Al content is more than 0.2wt.%, the elongation, reduction of area, and low-temperature impact energy markedly deteriorate. The fracture mode then changes from plastic fracture to cleavage brittle fracture. Therefore, the amount of Al addition for the final deoxidation during the smelting process must be strictly controlled. The optimum addition amount needs to be controlled within the range of 0.02wt.% to 0.20wt.% for the Grade B+Steel.展开更多
The light weight heat treated B-grade bulletproof steel was developed through composition design and optimization based on multiplex alloying,multiplex micro-alloying design ideas and complex phase structure strengthe...The light weight heat treated B-grade bulletproof steel was developed through composition design and optimization based on multiplex alloying,multiplex micro-alloying design ideas and complex phase structure strengthening theory.The puzzle how to avoid the quenching deformation problem of super high strength thin sheet was solved through heat treatment in a die with a set of cooling system.Such B-grade bulletproof steel plate has fine tempered lath martensite structure.The shooting and certification test results showed that the shoot resistance of B-grade bulletproof steel plate can meet the protection demand of Protection specification for cash carrying vehicles(GA 164—2005).In comparison with B-grade bulletproof steel plate made by one of the companies in Sweden,the weight of the developed B-grade bulletproof steel plate can be decreased by 8 %under the same shoot resistance condition.It will be meaningful for cash truck and anti-hijacking vehicle to realize light weight,energy conservation and emission reduction.展开更多
In this paper,the high speed tension experiments have been performed on ultra high strength bulletproof steel.The specimen were cut from B-grade bulletproof steel sheet after hard-module quenching with thickness of 2....In this paper,the high speed tension experiments have been performed on ultra high strength bulletproof steel.The specimen were cut from B-grade bulletproof steel sheet after hard-module quenching with thickness of 2.3 mm.The mechanical properties at strain rates of 0.001 s-1,0.01 s-1,0.1 s-1and 1 s-1were carried out on MTS810,while those at higher strain rates of 200 s-1,500 s-1and 1 000 s-1were tested on HTM5020 high speed tension tester and Hopkinson bar.The data from the high speed tension experiments were fitted via Johnson-Cook constitutive equation,and the fracture surface of each specimen was analyzed by scanning electron microscope(SEM).The results indicate that,the shoot resistance capability of bulletproof steel is closely related to its strength,thickness and flow behaviors under high strain rate.The shoot resistance will be improved in the case of higher strength and better matching between strength and elongation.The Johnson-Cook constitutive equation fitted via experimental data provides fundament to numerical simulation.With the increase of strain rate,the size and depth of dimple trend to decrease and the depth of dimple changes less in steel with lower strength and higher elongation.The SEM analysis of fracture aspect is of benefit for further understanding of deformation and fracture mode under high strain rate.展开更多
It is reported from NRCCRM (the National Research Center for CRMs) that, China has presently developed 1262 kinds of grade A reference materials and 1739 grade B reference materials, involving the fields of the steel,...It is reported from NRCCRM (the National Research Center for CRMs) that, China has presently developed 1262 kinds of grade A reference materials and 1739 grade B reference materials, involving the fields of the steel, the geology, the petroleum, the nuclear material, the environment, the food and the clinical inspection,and etc. The reference materials play an important role in controlling the production quality, maintaining the market order and promoting the scientific and technological advancement.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81572888
文摘BACKGROUND Hepatectomy is the main treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and it has a high possibility for long-term cure potential.But the postoperative mortality and recurrence rates remain high.Since the long-term prognosis of HCC patients is strongly linked to liver function,preoperative assessment of liver function is very important for HCC patients.AIM To compare the predictive power of the modified Child-Pugh(MCP)and albumin-bilirubin(ALBI)grades for the long-term outcome of HCC.METHODS From January 2010 to June 2017,a total of 204 patients with HCC who underwent surgery at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were enrolled in this retrospective study.Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to determine the independent predictive factors of survival and relapse.The area under the curve(AUC)was used to evaluate the discriminative performance of the MCP grade and ALBI grade to predict the postoperative overall survival(OS)time and recurrence-free survival(RFS)time.RESULTS The median OS and RFS times were 44.0 mo(range:22.0-74.0 mo)and 22.0 mo(range:5.0-45.0 mo),respectively.The median OS and RFS times of MCP grades 1,2,and 3 patients were 60.0,39.0,and 18.0 mo(P<0.001)and 36.0,15.0,and 7.0 mo(P<0.001),respectively.The median OS and RFS times of ALBI grades 1,2,and 3 patients were 56.0,26.0,and 6.0 mo(P<0.001)and 25.0,10.0,and 3.0 mo(P=0.003),respectively.Both the MCP and ALBI grades were more accurate than the Child-Pugh grade for predicting long-term prognosis.Further analysis demonstrated that for both predicting OS and RFS,the MCP grade performed better than the ALBI grade(AUC:0.642 vs 0.605 for OS;0.659 vs 0.594 for RFS).CONCLUSION The MCP grade is more accurate than the ALBI grade for predicting long-term outcome of patients with HCC.
文摘B4C, SiC and C, Cu functionally graded-materials (FGMs) have been developed by plasma spraying and hot pressing. Their high-heat flux properties have been investigated by high energy laser and electron beam for the simulation of plasma disruption process of the future fusion reactors, And a study on eroded products of B4C/Cu FGM under transient thermal load of electron beam was performed. In the experiment, SEM and EDS analysis indicated that B4C and SiC were decomposed, carbon was preferentially evaporated under high thermal load, and a part of Si and Cu were melted, in addition, the splash of melted metal and the particle emission of brittle destruction were also found. Different erosive behaviors of carbon-based materials (CBMs) caused by laser and electron beam were also discussed.
文摘目的分析终末期肝病模型、Child-Pugh分级对乙肝病毒(HBV)感染肝硬化失代偿期患者疾病转归的影响。方法选择本院2019年1月至2021年12月收治的HBV感染肝硬化失代偿期患者106例,随访6个月统计疾病转归状况,并统计终末期肝病模型(Model for end-stage liver disease,MELD)评分、Child-Pugh分级对于疾病转归的诊断效能。结果随访6个月,106例HBV感染肝硬化失代偿期患者死亡率为38.68%(41/106),存活率为61.32%(65/106);存活者MELD评分、Child-Pugh分级分值少于死亡者(P<0.05);随MELD评分和Child-Pugh分级增加,死亡率逐渐升高(P<0.05);以死亡患者作为阳性样本,存活患者作为阴性样本,结合MELD评分、Child-Pugh分级评分变化趋势制作ROC曲线,MELD评分联合Child-Pugh分级诊断的AUC是0.771、敏感性92.68%、特异性92.31%;MELD评分的AUC是0.646、敏感性65.85%、特异性70.77%;Child-Pugh分级的AUC是0.726、敏感性60.97%、特异性73.85%,其中联合诊断敏感性、特异性最高(P<0.05)。结论HBV感染肝硬化失代偿期患者不同MELD评分、Child-Pugh分级预后不同,MELD评分、Child-Pugh分级联合评估预后具有较高敏感性与特异性。
基金financially supported by the Heilongjiang Province Natural Science Foundation(QC2010110)
文摘The bogie made of Grade B+ steel is one of the most important parts of heavy haul trains. Some accidents were found to be the result of fracture failure of the bogies. It is very important to find the reason why the fracture failure occurred. Because Al was added for the final deoxidation during the smelting process of the Grade B+Steel, residual Al existed to some extent in the castings. High residual Al content in the bogie casting was presumed to be the reason for the fracture. In this work, the influence of residual Al content in the range of 0.015wt.% to 0.3wt.% on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the Grade B+ Steel was studied. The experimental results showed that when the residual Al content is between 0.02wt.% and 0.20wt.%, the mechanical properties of the steel meet the requirements of technical specification for heavy haul train parts, and the fracture is typical plastic fractures. If the residual Al content is less than 0.02wt.%, the microstructures are coarse, and the mechanical properties can not meet the demand of bogie steel castings. When the residual Al content is more than 0.2wt.%, the elongation, reduction of area, and low-temperature impact energy markedly deteriorate. The fracture mode then changes from plastic fracture to cleavage brittle fracture. Therefore, the amount of Al addition for the final deoxidation during the smelting process must be strictly controlled. The optimum addition amount needs to be controlled within the range of 0.02wt.% to 0.20wt.% for the Grade B+Steel.
文摘The light weight heat treated B-grade bulletproof steel was developed through composition design and optimization based on multiplex alloying,multiplex micro-alloying design ideas and complex phase structure strengthening theory.The puzzle how to avoid the quenching deformation problem of super high strength thin sheet was solved through heat treatment in a die with a set of cooling system.Such B-grade bulletproof steel plate has fine tempered lath martensite structure.The shooting and certification test results showed that the shoot resistance of B-grade bulletproof steel plate can meet the protection demand of Protection specification for cash carrying vehicles(GA 164—2005).In comparison with B-grade bulletproof steel plate made by one of the companies in Sweden,the weight of the developed B-grade bulletproof steel plate can be decreased by 8 %under the same shoot resistance condition.It will be meaningful for cash truck and anti-hijacking vehicle to realize light weight,energy conservation and emission reduction.
文摘In this paper,the high speed tension experiments have been performed on ultra high strength bulletproof steel.The specimen were cut from B-grade bulletproof steel sheet after hard-module quenching with thickness of 2.3 mm.The mechanical properties at strain rates of 0.001 s-1,0.01 s-1,0.1 s-1and 1 s-1were carried out on MTS810,while those at higher strain rates of 200 s-1,500 s-1and 1 000 s-1were tested on HTM5020 high speed tension tester and Hopkinson bar.The data from the high speed tension experiments were fitted via Johnson-Cook constitutive equation,and the fracture surface of each specimen was analyzed by scanning electron microscope(SEM).The results indicate that,the shoot resistance capability of bulletproof steel is closely related to its strength,thickness and flow behaviors under high strain rate.The shoot resistance will be improved in the case of higher strength and better matching between strength and elongation.The Johnson-Cook constitutive equation fitted via experimental data provides fundament to numerical simulation.With the increase of strain rate,the size and depth of dimple trend to decrease and the depth of dimple changes less in steel with lower strength and higher elongation.The SEM analysis of fracture aspect is of benefit for further understanding of deformation and fracture mode under high strain rate.
文摘It is reported from NRCCRM (the National Research Center for CRMs) that, China has presently developed 1262 kinds of grade A reference materials and 1739 grade B reference materials, involving the fields of the steel, the geology, the petroleum, the nuclear material, the environment, the food and the clinical inspection,and etc. The reference materials play an important role in controlling the production quality, maintaining the market order and promoting the scientific and technological advancement.
