Background: The timing of elective repeat cesarean delivery at 38 weeks versus 39 weeks is still a debatable subject, both regarding maternal and neonatal outcomes. In the Saudi context, there is lack of local data to...Background: The timing of elective repeat cesarean delivery at 38 weeks versus 39 weeks is still a debatable subject, both regarding maternal and neonatal outcomes. In the Saudi context, there is lack of local data to aid decision-making regarding the timing of elective repeat cesarean delivery. Objectives: To estimate the rate of spontaneous onset of labor before the planned gestational age for repeat cesarean section in women who were booked at gestational age of (39 0/7 - 39 6/7) weeks (W39) versus (38 0/7 - 38 6/7) weeks (W38) and to compare the rate of maternal composite outcome between these groups. Design: Retrospective cohort. Setting: This study was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, KSA. Method: Delivery registry books were reviewed to identify all deliveries from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2016 (3 years). All low-risk pregnant women who had 2 or more cesarean deliveries and who met the inclusion criteria were included. Results: A total of 440 women were included of whom 318 (72.3%) were planned for elective cesarean section at W38 gestational age and 122 women at W39 gestational age. Mothers planned at W39 had higher rate of emergency cesarean deliveries versus those planned at W38 (18.0% versus 10.4%, p = 0.030;RR = 13.06), most frequently due to early onset of contractions (16.4% versus 8.2%, p = 0.012;RR = 12.17) or cervical dilatation (11.6% versus 5.4%, p = 0.024, RR = 16.15). No difference in the incidence of individual or composite maternal complications was noted between the two groups. Mother’s age (OR 0.93, p = 0.018) and schedule date at W39 (OR = 1.94, p = 0.028) were independently associated with spontaneous onset of labor before the scheduled gestational age, while no association was found with parity, previous number of spontaneous vaginal deliveries, number of previous cesarean deliveries or interval from last cesarean delivery. Conclusion: Elective cesarean section scheduled at 39 weeks of gestation or beyond carries a higher risk of emergency cesarean section, with no significant increase in maternal complications. The identification of factors associated with spontaneous onset of labor before the planned gestational age should be carefully identified to determine the optimal timing.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hip fracture in the elderly is a worldwide medical problem.New-onset depression after hip fracture has also received attention because of its increasing incidence and negative impact on recovery.AIM To prov...BACKGROUND Hip fracture in the elderly is a worldwide medical problem.New-onset depression after hip fracture has also received attention because of its increasing incidence and negative impact on recovery.AIM To provide a synthesis of the literature addressing two very important questions arising from postoperative hip fracture depression(PHFD)research:the risk factors and associated clinical outcomes of PHFD,and the optimal options for intervention in PHFD.METHODS We searched the PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE,and PsycINFO databases for English papers published from 2000 to 2021.RESULTS Our results showed that PHFD may result in poor clinical outcomes,such as poor physical function and more medical support.In addition,the risk factors for PHFD were summarized,which made it possible to assess patients preoperatively.Moreover,our work preliminarily suggested that comprehensive care may be the optimal treatment option for PHFDs,while interdisciplinary intervention can also be clinically useful.CONCLUSION We suggest that clinicians should assess risk factors for PHFDs preoperatively,and future research should further validate current treatment methods in more countries and regions and explore more advanced solutions.展开更多
AIM: To assess whether the polymorphisms of NOD2/ CARD15 , autophagy-related 16-like 1 (ATG16L1 ), and interleukin-23 receptor (IL23R ) genes play a more critical role in the susceptibility of childhood-onset than in ...AIM: To assess whether the polymorphisms of NOD2/ CARD15 , autophagy-related 16-like 1 (ATG16L1 ), and interleukin-23 receptor (IL23R ) genes play a more critical role in the susceptibility of childhood-onset than in adult-onset Crohn’s disease (CD). METHODS: Polymorphisms R702W, G908R, and 3020insC of NOD2/CARD15 ; rs2241880 A/G of ATG16L1 , and rs11209026 (R381Q) of IL23R gene were assessed in 110 childhood-onset CD, 364 adult-onset CD, and 539 healthy individuals. Analysis of polymorphisms R702W, G908R, and 3020insC of NOD2/CARD15 genotyping was performed by allele specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or by PCR-restriction fragment length polymor-phism analysis. The polymorphisms rs2241880 A/G of the ATG16L1 , and rs11209026 (R381Q) of the IL23R gene in the children’s cohort were genotyped by PCR and melting curve analysis whereas adult group genotyping was performed using the Affymetrix Genome-Wide Human SNP Array 5.0 (500K). RESULTS: The 3020insC allele in NOD2/CARD15 was significantly higher in childhood than in adult-onset CD (P = 0.0067). Association with at least 1 NOD2/CARD15 variant was specific for ileal disease (with or without co- lonic involvement). Even if the frequency of G allele of the rs2241880 ATG16L1 polymorphism was increased in both paediatric and adult CD patients compared to con- trols (P = 0.017 and P = 0.001, respectively), no difference was observed between the childhood and the adult cohort. The rare Q allele of IL23R rs11209026 polymorphism was underrepresented in both paediatric and adult CD cases (P = 0.0018 and P = 0.04, respectively) and no difference was observed between the childhood and the adult cohort. The presence of the rs2241880 ATG16L1 and rs11209026 IL23R polymorphisms did not influence disease phenotype. CONCLUSION: Polymorphism 3020insC in NOD2/ CARD15 occurs statistically significantly more often in patients with childhood-onset CD than in patients with adult-onset CD. The ATG16L1 and IL23R variants are associated with susceptibility to CD, but not earlyonset disease.展开更多
We present a retrospective review of DNA immunoadsorption (DNA-IA) therapy on clinical symptoms as well as indicators in pediatric cases with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and follow up the short-term curative e...We present a retrospective review of DNA immunoadsorption (DNA-IA) therapy on clinical symptoms as well as indicators in pediatric cases with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and follow up the short-term curative effects. 16 SLE cases were treated by DNA-IA for 3 times every other day. We observed the changes on clinical manifestations and immunological indicators, in order to compare the alteration of these indicators including clinical manifestations, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Active Index (SLEDAI) scores, 24 hurinary protein excretion, autoantibodies, serum IgG and complement C3. 13 cases were followed up regularly, within 3 months after DNA-IA therapy, 12 cases of clinical manifestations improved (92.3%). SLEDAI scores in 10 cases decreased from (16.20 ± 12.54) to less than 5 (76.9%), 8 cases of ANA, anti-DNA antibodies were negative (61.5%), 13 cases with IgG level in serum recovered to normal (10.39 ± 4.38) g/L, C3 level rose to normal (1.06 ± 0.23) g/L. 3 to 6 months after IA, clinical manifestations and laboratory examinations in all cases got maximum improved. 9 months after IA, SLEDAI score in 2 cases (15.4%) rose to more than 5, anti-DNA antibody in 2 cases (15.4%) became positive, and 1case (7.7%) with serum C3 decreased again. 2 cases died from multiple organs dysfunction within 3 to 6 months after IA. No serious complications were found during DNA-IA. We recommend that DNA immunoadsorption is a safe and effective therapy for active childhood-onset SLE, which could improve clinical symptoms, eliminate ANA and anti-DNA antibodies. Combining with corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs, DNA-IA could significantly reduce the activity of disease and protect vital organs function in the short term.展开更多
Background: Despite the fact that Tuberculosis (TB) is preventable, treatable and curable, it has remained a significant cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. Identifying patterns of TB and its treatment outcome...Background: Despite the fact that Tuberculosis (TB) is preventable, treatable and curable, it has remained a significant cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. Identifying patterns of TB and its treatment outcome which is the aim of this study is relevant for TB control programmes. Methodology: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study carried out over a three-month period from April-June 2019 at the directly observed treatment Short course (DOTS) clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), Nigeria. Relevant information on all children 0 - 18 years with tuberculosis over a four-year period from January 2015 to December 2018 was retrieved and analysed. Information retrieved included the age, sex, HIV status, method of diagnosis of tuberculosis, type of Tuberculosis and the treatment outcome of the patients. Results: There were 202 childhood (0 - 18 years) cases seen over the study period. Out of these, 109 (53.96%) were males and 93 (46.04%) females. Majority of them (40.59%) were 1 - 4 years of age. There were 194 (96.04%) new cases, 6 (2.9%) transfer and 2 (0.99%) retreatment cases. One hundred and six (80.69%) had pulmonary TB, 23 (11.39%) TB adenitis, 10 (4.95%) had TB spine, 3 (1.49%) TB abdomen and 3 (1.49%) TB meningitis. TB/HIV co-infection rate was 48.45%. One hundred and eight completed treatment, 10 (4.95%) were cured, 22 (10.89%) died, 46 (22.77%) defaulted and 16 (7.92%) were transferred out. Successful treatment outcome rate was 58.41%. Conclusion: Pulmonary TB was the commonest type of TB found and treatment success rate was just above average.展开更多
Background: To lower the mori-mortality related to the aggressiveness of acute leukemia’s chemotherapy regimens, we have implemented in 2017 two low toxicity chemotherapy regimens and new supportive care strategies. ...Background: To lower the mori-mortality related to the aggressiveness of acute leukemia’s chemotherapy regimens, we have implemented in 2017 two low toxicity chemotherapy regimens and new supportive care strategies. The aim of the study is to evaluate our new treatments. Materials and Method: A retrospective study was carried out from January 2014 to May 2021 in the hematology department of the teaching hospital in Brazzaville. The study concerned 47 children diagnosed with acute leukemia. Participants were divided into two groups: acute leukemia diagnosed before 2017 (group 1: 23 children) and after 2017 (group 2: 14 children). They were compared using the chi-square. Results: The median age was 10.0 ± 5.01 years. Features and outcomes of group 2 were better. The median duration of symptoms was shorter: 2.45 ± 2.87 months (p = 0.036). The Karnosky score was higher (p = 0.002) and white blood cell count lower (p = 0.331). Both groups started the treatment with a delay of 6 days. The induction treatment was completed in 69.6% before 2017 versus 93.3% after. The rate of relapse was more important for group 1: 85.7% versus 14.3% (p = 0.01). Conclusion: Trainings of professionals have improved the characteristics outcomes of our patients and should be pursued. Considering the high relapse rate, our protocol will need to be intensified.展开更多
BACKGROUND Preeclampsia(PE)is a pregnancy syndrome of undetermined etiology;inflammation was one of the proposed theories for its development.AIM To examine the platelet to lymphocyte ratio(PLR),an inflammatory biomar...BACKGROUND Preeclampsia(PE)is a pregnancy syndrome of undetermined etiology;inflammation was one of the proposed theories for its development.AIM To examine the platelet to lymphocyte ratio(PLR),an inflammatory biomarker,as a marker to predict poor maternal-neonatal outcomes in early-onset PE(EoPE).METHODS A cross-sectional study enrolled 60 pregnant women with EoPE(at 32-30 wk of gestation)at a university hospital.Demographic criteria and hematological indices were collected,including platelet counts and indices(mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width),PLR,and the Doppler study,which calculated estimated fetal weight(EFW),amniotic fluid index(AFI),resistance index(RI),and pulsatility index(PI).Participants were followed until delivery,where maternal outcomes were recorded,including;delivery mode and reason for cesarean section,and neonatal outcomes,including fetal growth restriction(FGR),meconium-stained liquid,the 5-min Apgar score,and admission to the intensive care unit.RESULTS There was a trend of insignificant increases in cesarean sections.Sixty-one-point two percent(37/60)fetuses were admitted to the neonatal care unit;70.0%of admitted fetuses were meconium-stained liquor,and 56.7%of them had FGR.PLR was positively correlated with AFI and EFW as r=0.98,0.97,P<0.001;PLR showed negative correlations with PI and RI as r=-0.99,-0.98,P<0.001.The Apgar score and the number of days admitted to the intensive care unit had a positive and negative correlation(0.69,-0.98),P<0.0001,respectively.Receiver operating characteristic calculated a PLR cutoff value(7.49)that distinguished FGR at 100%sensitivity and 80%specificity.CONCLUSION Strong,meaningful relationships between PLR and FGR parameters and a poor neonatal outcome with a significant P value make it a recommendable biomarker for screening EoPE-related complications.Further studies are suggested to see the impact on maternal-neonatal health.展开更多
目的通过认知性访谈,了解家长照护人对中文版幼儿患者报告结局测量信息系统(patient-reported outcomes measurement information system early childhood,PROMIS EC)幸福感相关4大简表,即“参与-好奇心”“参与-坚持”“自我调节-灵活...目的通过认知性访谈,了解家长照护人对中文版幼儿患者报告结局测量信息系统(patient-reported outcomes measurement information system early childhood,PROMIS EC)幸福感相关4大简表,即“参与-好奇心”“参与-坚持”“自我调节-灵活性”“自我调节-挫折耐受力”的理解,并对其进行文化调适。方法采用目的抽样法,纳入2023年1-5月上海市某三级甲等儿科医院的癌症幼儿家长,及某社区中的健康幼儿家长,采用结构性访谈法,对受访者开展3轮认知性访谈,基于访谈结果和量表翻译原则对中文版量表进行文化调适。结果第1轮访谈结果显示:受访者能理解大多数条目含义,4个条目因“特定词语理解困难”及“条目描述范围模糊”而需要进行修改。修订后第2轮访谈结果显示:3个条目因“表述歧义”及“条目描述范围模糊”而需要进行修改。2轮修订后第3轮访谈结果显示:受访者对修订后条目的理解无异议,并与源量表条目含义一致。结论中文版PROMIS EC幸福感四大简表与源量表具有概念和语义上的等价性。在健康儿童及以癌症患儿为例的疾病患儿家长中,均具备较强的可理解性和可行性。展开更多
目的探讨彩色多普勒超声对晚发型胎儿宫内生长受限孕妇血流动力学变化及妊娠结局的评估价值。方法169例行产前检查并分娩的孕晚期孕妇,其中78例宫内胎儿正常发育的孕妇作为对照组,91例晚发型胎儿宫内生长受限的孕妇作为病例组。两组孕...目的探讨彩色多普勒超声对晚发型胎儿宫内生长受限孕妇血流动力学变化及妊娠结局的评估价值。方法169例行产前检查并分娩的孕晚期孕妇,其中78例宫内胎儿正常发育的孕妇作为对照组,91例晚发型胎儿宫内生长受限的孕妇作为病例组。两组孕妇均进行彩色多普勒超声监测,比较两组妊娠结局,包括胎儿体质量、早产情况及新生儿1 min Apgar评分(>7分、≤7分);比较两组孕妇子宫动脉及胎儿脐动脉、大脑中动脉血流动力学参数[搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI)、收缩期最大血流速度与舒张末期血流速度比值(S/D)及舒张早期切迹发生情况]变化;比较病例组不同妊娠结局孕妇子宫动脉及胎儿脐动脉、大脑中动脉血流动力学参数。结果病例组胎儿体质量(2417.0±369.8)g小于对照组的(3126.0±431.5)g,早产占比51.65%及新生儿1 min Apgar评分≤7分占比47.25%高于对照组的14.10%、8.97%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。病例组胎儿脐动脉RI(0.83±0.15)、PI(1.30±0.32)及S/D(3.81±0.42)均显著高于对照组的(0.71±0.16)、(0.89±0.27)、(3.24±0.31),孕妇子宫动脉PI(1.35±0.30)及舒张早期切迹发生率31.87%显著高于对照组的(0.92±0.26)、10.26%,胎儿大脑中动脉RI(0.60±0.20)、PI(1.19±0.19)及S/D(2.51±0.31)均显著低于对照组的(0.89±0.23)、(1.71±0.29)、(4.19±0.27)(P<0.05)。病例组妊娠结局良好42例,妊娠结局不良49例。妊娠结局不良胎儿脐动脉RI(0.89±0.23)、PI(1.35±0.26)及S/D(4.02±0.39)均显著高于妊娠结局良好胎儿的(0.75±0.12)、(1.24±0.19)、(3.57±0.26),孕妇子宫动脉PI(1.56±0.31)及舒张早期切迹发生率38.78%显著高于妊娠结局良好胎儿的(1.11±0.16)、23.81%,胎儿大脑中动脉RI(0.52±0.13)、PI(1.01±0.14)及S/D(2.39±0.28)均显著低于妊娠结局良好胎儿的(0.69±0.15)、(1.41±0.21)、(2.65±0.17)(P<0.05)。结论彩色多普勒超声监测孕晚期孕妇子宫动脉及胎儿脐动脉和大脑中动脉血流动力学参数对评估胎儿在宫内的状况和预测不良结局方面具有重要参考价值。展开更多
文摘Background: The timing of elective repeat cesarean delivery at 38 weeks versus 39 weeks is still a debatable subject, both regarding maternal and neonatal outcomes. In the Saudi context, there is lack of local data to aid decision-making regarding the timing of elective repeat cesarean delivery. Objectives: To estimate the rate of spontaneous onset of labor before the planned gestational age for repeat cesarean section in women who were booked at gestational age of (39 0/7 - 39 6/7) weeks (W39) versus (38 0/7 - 38 6/7) weeks (W38) and to compare the rate of maternal composite outcome between these groups. Design: Retrospective cohort. Setting: This study was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, KSA. Method: Delivery registry books were reviewed to identify all deliveries from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2016 (3 years). All low-risk pregnant women who had 2 or more cesarean deliveries and who met the inclusion criteria were included. Results: A total of 440 women were included of whom 318 (72.3%) were planned for elective cesarean section at W38 gestational age and 122 women at W39 gestational age. Mothers planned at W39 had higher rate of emergency cesarean deliveries versus those planned at W38 (18.0% versus 10.4%, p = 0.030;RR = 13.06), most frequently due to early onset of contractions (16.4% versus 8.2%, p = 0.012;RR = 12.17) or cervical dilatation (11.6% versus 5.4%, p = 0.024, RR = 16.15). No difference in the incidence of individual or composite maternal complications was noted between the two groups. Mother’s age (OR 0.93, p = 0.018) and schedule date at W39 (OR = 1.94, p = 0.028) were independently associated with spontaneous onset of labor before the scheduled gestational age, while no association was found with parity, previous number of spontaneous vaginal deliveries, number of previous cesarean deliveries or interval from last cesarean delivery. Conclusion: Elective cesarean section scheduled at 39 weeks of gestation or beyond carries a higher risk of emergency cesarean section, with no significant increase in maternal complications. The identification of factors associated with spontaneous onset of labor before the planned gestational age should be carefully identified to determine the optimal timing.
文摘BACKGROUND Hip fracture in the elderly is a worldwide medical problem.New-onset depression after hip fracture has also received attention because of its increasing incidence and negative impact on recovery.AIM To provide a synthesis of the literature addressing two very important questions arising from postoperative hip fracture depression(PHFD)research:the risk factors and associated clinical outcomes of PHFD,and the optimal options for intervention in PHFD.METHODS We searched the PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE,and PsycINFO databases for English papers published from 2000 to 2021.RESULTS Our results showed that PHFD may result in poor clinical outcomes,such as poor physical function and more medical support.In addition,the risk factors for PHFD were summarized,which made it possible to assess patients preoperatively.Moreover,our work preliminarily suggested that comprehensive care may be the optimal treatment option for PHFDs,while interdisciplinary intervention can also be clinically useful.CONCLUSION We suggest that clinicians should assess risk factors for PHFDs preoperatively,and future research should further validate current treatment methods in more countries and regions and explore more advanced solutions.
文摘AIM: To assess whether the polymorphisms of NOD2/ CARD15 , autophagy-related 16-like 1 (ATG16L1 ), and interleukin-23 receptor (IL23R ) genes play a more critical role in the susceptibility of childhood-onset than in adult-onset Crohn’s disease (CD). METHODS: Polymorphisms R702W, G908R, and 3020insC of NOD2/CARD15 ; rs2241880 A/G of ATG16L1 , and rs11209026 (R381Q) of IL23R gene were assessed in 110 childhood-onset CD, 364 adult-onset CD, and 539 healthy individuals. Analysis of polymorphisms R702W, G908R, and 3020insC of NOD2/CARD15 genotyping was performed by allele specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or by PCR-restriction fragment length polymor-phism analysis. The polymorphisms rs2241880 A/G of the ATG16L1 , and rs11209026 (R381Q) of the IL23R gene in the children’s cohort were genotyped by PCR and melting curve analysis whereas adult group genotyping was performed using the Affymetrix Genome-Wide Human SNP Array 5.0 (500K). RESULTS: The 3020insC allele in NOD2/CARD15 was significantly higher in childhood than in adult-onset CD (P = 0.0067). Association with at least 1 NOD2/CARD15 variant was specific for ileal disease (with or without co- lonic involvement). Even if the frequency of G allele of the rs2241880 ATG16L1 polymorphism was increased in both paediatric and adult CD patients compared to con- trols (P = 0.017 and P = 0.001, respectively), no difference was observed between the childhood and the adult cohort. The rare Q allele of IL23R rs11209026 polymorphism was underrepresented in both paediatric and adult CD cases (P = 0.0018 and P = 0.04, respectively) and no difference was observed between the childhood and the adult cohort. The presence of the rs2241880 ATG16L1 and rs11209026 IL23R polymorphisms did not influence disease phenotype. CONCLUSION: Polymorphism 3020insC in NOD2/ CARD15 occurs statistically significantly more often in patients with childhood-onset CD than in patients with adult-onset CD. The ATG16L1 and IL23R variants are associated with susceptibility to CD, but not earlyonset disease.
文摘We present a retrospective review of DNA immunoadsorption (DNA-IA) therapy on clinical symptoms as well as indicators in pediatric cases with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and follow up the short-term curative effects. 16 SLE cases were treated by DNA-IA for 3 times every other day. We observed the changes on clinical manifestations and immunological indicators, in order to compare the alteration of these indicators including clinical manifestations, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Active Index (SLEDAI) scores, 24 hurinary protein excretion, autoantibodies, serum IgG and complement C3. 13 cases were followed up regularly, within 3 months after DNA-IA therapy, 12 cases of clinical manifestations improved (92.3%). SLEDAI scores in 10 cases decreased from (16.20 ± 12.54) to less than 5 (76.9%), 8 cases of ANA, anti-DNA antibodies were negative (61.5%), 13 cases with IgG level in serum recovered to normal (10.39 ± 4.38) g/L, C3 level rose to normal (1.06 ± 0.23) g/L. 3 to 6 months after IA, clinical manifestations and laboratory examinations in all cases got maximum improved. 9 months after IA, SLEDAI score in 2 cases (15.4%) rose to more than 5, anti-DNA antibody in 2 cases (15.4%) became positive, and 1case (7.7%) with serum C3 decreased again. 2 cases died from multiple organs dysfunction within 3 to 6 months after IA. No serious complications were found during DNA-IA. We recommend that DNA immunoadsorption is a safe and effective therapy for active childhood-onset SLE, which could improve clinical symptoms, eliminate ANA and anti-DNA antibodies. Combining with corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs, DNA-IA could significantly reduce the activity of disease and protect vital organs function in the short term.
文摘Background: Despite the fact that Tuberculosis (TB) is preventable, treatable and curable, it has remained a significant cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. Identifying patterns of TB and its treatment outcome which is the aim of this study is relevant for TB control programmes. Methodology: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study carried out over a three-month period from April-June 2019 at the directly observed treatment Short course (DOTS) clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), Nigeria. Relevant information on all children 0 - 18 years with tuberculosis over a four-year period from January 2015 to December 2018 was retrieved and analysed. Information retrieved included the age, sex, HIV status, method of diagnosis of tuberculosis, type of Tuberculosis and the treatment outcome of the patients. Results: There were 202 childhood (0 - 18 years) cases seen over the study period. Out of these, 109 (53.96%) were males and 93 (46.04%) females. Majority of them (40.59%) were 1 - 4 years of age. There were 194 (96.04%) new cases, 6 (2.9%) transfer and 2 (0.99%) retreatment cases. One hundred and six (80.69%) had pulmonary TB, 23 (11.39%) TB adenitis, 10 (4.95%) had TB spine, 3 (1.49%) TB abdomen and 3 (1.49%) TB meningitis. TB/HIV co-infection rate was 48.45%. One hundred and eight completed treatment, 10 (4.95%) were cured, 22 (10.89%) died, 46 (22.77%) defaulted and 16 (7.92%) were transferred out. Successful treatment outcome rate was 58.41%. Conclusion: Pulmonary TB was the commonest type of TB found and treatment success rate was just above average.
文摘Background: To lower the mori-mortality related to the aggressiveness of acute leukemia’s chemotherapy regimens, we have implemented in 2017 two low toxicity chemotherapy regimens and new supportive care strategies. The aim of the study is to evaluate our new treatments. Materials and Method: A retrospective study was carried out from January 2014 to May 2021 in the hematology department of the teaching hospital in Brazzaville. The study concerned 47 children diagnosed with acute leukemia. Participants were divided into two groups: acute leukemia diagnosed before 2017 (group 1: 23 children) and after 2017 (group 2: 14 children). They were compared using the chi-square. Results: The median age was 10.0 ± 5.01 years. Features and outcomes of group 2 were better. The median duration of symptoms was shorter: 2.45 ± 2.87 months (p = 0.036). The Karnosky score was higher (p = 0.002) and white blood cell count lower (p = 0.331). Both groups started the treatment with a delay of 6 days. The induction treatment was completed in 69.6% before 2017 versus 93.3% after. The rate of relapse was more important for group 1: 85.7% versus 14.3% (p = 0.01). Conclusion: Trainings of professionals have improved the characteristics outcomes of our patients and should be pursued. Considering the high relapse rate, our protocol will need to be intensified.
基金the ethical committee of Mustansiriyah University(No.160).
文摘BACKGROUND Preeclampsia(PE)is a pregnancy syndrome of undetermined etiology;inflammation was one of the proposed theories for its development.AIM To examine the platelet to lymphocyte ratio(PLR),an inflammatory biomarker,as a marker to predict poor maternal-neonatal outcomes in early-onset PE(EoPE).METHODS A cross-sectional study enrolled 60 pregnant women with EoPE(at 32-30 wk of gestation)at a university hospital.Demographic criteria and hematological indices were collected,including platelet counts and indices(mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width),PLR,and the Doppler study,which calculated estimated fetal weight(EFW),amniotic fluid index(AFI),resistance index(RI),and pulsatility index(PI).Participants were followed until delivery,where maternal outcomes were recorded,including;delivery mode and reason for cesarean section,and neonatal outcomes,including fetal growth restriction(FGR),meconium-stained liquid,the 5-min Apgar score,and admission to the intensive care unit.RESULTS There was a trend of insignificant increases in cesarean sections.Sixty-one-point two percent(37/60)fetuses were admitted to the neonatal care unit;70.0%of admitted fetuses were meconium-stained liquor,and 56.7%of them had FGR.PLR was positively correlated with AFI and EFW as r=0.98,0.97,P<0.001;PLR showed negative correlations with PI and RI as r=-0.99,-0.98,P<0.001.The Apgar score and the number of days admitted to the intensive care unit had a positive and negative correlation(0.69,-0.98),P<0.0001,respectively.Receiver operating characteristic calculated a PLR cutoff value(7.49)that distinguished FGR at 100%sensitivity and 80%specificity.CONCLUSION Strong,meaningful relationships between PLR and FGR parameters and a poor neonatal outcome with a significant P value make it a recommendable biomarker for screening EoPE-related complications.Further studies are suggested to see the impact on maternal-neonatal health.
文摘目的通过认知性访谈,了解家长照护人对中文版幼儿患者报告结局测量信息系统(patient-reported outcomes measurement information system early childhood,PROMIS EC)幸福感相关4大简表,即“参与-好奇心”“参与-坚持”“自我调节-灵活性”“自我调节-挫折耐受力”的理解,并对其进行文化调适。方法采用目的抽样法,纳入2023年1-5月上海市某三级甲等儿科医院的癌症幼儿家长,及某社区中的健康幼儿家长,采用结构性访谈法,对受访者开展3轮认知性访谈,基于访谈结果和量表翻译原则对中文版量表进行文化调适。结果第1轮访谈结果显示:受访者能理解大多数条目含义,4个条目因“特定词语理解困难”及“条目描述范围模糊”而需要进行修改。修订后第2轮访谈结果显示:3个条目因“表述歧义”及“条目描述范围模糊”而需要进行修改。2轮修订后第3轮访谈结果显示:受访者对修订后条目的理解无异议,并与源量表条目含义一致。结论中文版PROMIS EC幸福感四大简表与源量表具有概念和语义上的等价性。在健康儿童及以癌症患儿为例的疾病患儿家长中,均具备较强的可理解性和可行性。
文摘目的探讨彩色多普勒超声对晚发型胎儿宫内生长受限孕妇血流动力学变化及妊娠结局的评估价值。方法169例行产前检查并分娩的孕晚期孕妇,其中78例宫内胎儿正常发育的孕妇作为对照组,91例晚发型胎儿宫内生长受限的孕妇作为病例组。两组孕妇均进行彩色多普勒超声监测,比较两组妊娠结局,包括胎儿体质量、早产情况及新生儿1 min Apgar评分(>7分、≤7分);比较两组孕妇子宫动脉及胎儿脐动脉、大脑中动脉血流动力学参数[搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI)、收缩期最大血流速度与舒张末期血流速度比值(S/D)及舒张早期切迹发生情况]变化;比较病例组不同妊娠结局孕妇子宫动脉及胎儿脐动脉、大脑中动脉血流动力学参数。结果病例组胎儿体质量(2417.0±369.8)g小于对照组的(3126.0±431.5)g,早产占比51.65%及新生儿1 min Apgar评分≤7分占比47.25%高于对照组的14.10%、8.97%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。病例组胎儿脐动脉RI(0.83±0.15)、PI(1.30±0.32)及S/D(3.81±0.42)均显著高于对照组的(0.71±0.16)、(0.89±0.27)、(3.24±0.31),孕妇子宫动脉PI(1.35±0.30)及舒张早期切迹发生率31.87%显著高于对照组的(0.92±0.26)、10.26%,胎儿大脑中动脉RI(0.60±0.20)、PI(1.19±0.19)及S/D(2.51±0.31)均显著低于对照组的(0.89±0.23)、(1.71±0.29)、(4.19±0.27)(P<0.05)。病例组妊娠结局良好42例,妊娠结局不良49例。妊娠结局不良胎儿脐动脉RI(0.89±0.23)、PI(1.35±0.26)及S/D(4.02±0.39)均显著高于妊娠结局良好胎儿的(0.75±0.12)、(1.24±0.19)、(3.57±0.26),孕妇子宫动脉PI(1.56±0.31)及舒张早期切迹发生率38.78%显著高于妊娠结局良好胎儿的(1.11±0.16)、23.81%,胎儿大脑中动脉RI(0.52±0.13)、PI(1.01±0.14)及S/D(2.39±0.28)均显著低于妊娠结局良好胎儿的(0.69±0.15)、(1.41±0.21)、(2.65±0.17)(P<0.05)。结论彩色多普勒超声监测孕晚期孕妇子宫动脉及胎儿脐动脉和大脑中动脉血流动力学参数对评估胎儿在宫内的状况和预测不良结局方面具有重要参考价值。
