儿童早期体重指数轨迹与超重风险关联的前瞻性队列研究

目的:基于前瞻性队列比较不同方法确定的儿童早期体重指数(body mass index,BMI)轨迹与超重风险的关联,识别在儿童早期生长发育重要窗口期具有较高肥胖风险的人群。方法:共纳入北大通州出生队列的1330名儿童,分别在儿童刚出生,1、3、6、9、12、18、24月龄和3岁进行随访,根据其身长/身高和体质量计算BMI Z评分。应用潜类别增长混合模型(growth mixture modelling,GMM)和基于纵向数据的k-means聚类方法(k-means for longitudinal data,KML)分析儿童早期(从出生至24月龄)BMI轨迹分组,采用线性回归比较不同方法确定的儿童早期BMI轨迹和儿童3岁时BMI Z评分的关联,通过五折交叉验证的平均受试者工作特征曲线下面积,比较Logistic回归模型中不同方法确定的儿童早期BMI轨迹分组对儿童3岁超重风险(BMI Z评分>1)的预测性能。结果:在纳入的研究对象中,用GMM确定的三分类轨迹分为低、中、高轨迹,分别占39.7%、54.1%、6.2%;用KML方法确定的二分类轨迹分为低轨迹和高轨迹,分别占50.3%和49.7%;用KML方法确定的三分类轨迹分为低、中、高轨迹,分别占31.1%、47.4%、21.5%。用不同方法确定的儿童早期BMI轨迹反映的生长模式存在一定差异。线性回归分析发现,在调整母亲民族、受教育水平、分娩方式、产次、分娩时年龄、分娩孕周、胎儿性别和1月龄母乳喂养等协变量后,用KML方法确定的三分类轨迹中的高轨迹组(表现为出生时BMI Z评分略高、婴儿期快速生长后持续稳定在高水平的生长模式)和儿童3岁BMI Z评分的关联最强。Logistic回归分析发现,KML三分类轨迹分组对儿童3岁超重风险具有最佳的预测效果。在额外调整儿童平衡膳食指数正端分、平均每天身体活动时间和视屏时间后,结果基本一致。结论:采用不同方法识别具有不同变化特征的儿童早期BMI轨迹,发现KML方法确定的高轨迹组能更好地发现儿童早期具有较高超重风险的人群,为选择适宜方法开展儿童早期BMI轨迹相关研究提供了依据。

Report on Childhood Obesity in China (7) Comparison of NCHS and WGOC

Objective To test the validity of Working Group on Obesity in China （WGOC） reference in screening childhood obesity using obesity-related metabolic syndrome （MS） and its components as disease risk evidence. Methods A total of 2020 adolescents （1007 boys and 1013 girls） aged 14-16 years were sampled in Beijing, China. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements, as well as blood pressure parameters were available. Prevalence of overweight/obesity and related MS risk factors were analyzed across different body mass index （BMI） categories. The sensitivity and specificity of the WGOC cut-offs were compared with those of National Central Health Statistics （NCHS）. Results Significantly high prevalence of MS and its components were found both in the obesity and overweight groups, which were classified by the WGOC and NCHS references. Similar distribution pattern of MS risk factors existed among different BMI categories, but the frequency and clustering of these factors in the obesity group classified by the NCHS were much higher. Owing to its irrelevant high cut-offs for overweight/obesity （especially for girls since the mid- adolescence）, the NCHS reference had a high specificity but a low sensitivity. By contrast, the WGOC reference with a high sensitivity （90.1% for boys and 89.2% for girls） and a relative high specificity （96.4% and 92.8% for obese boys and girls, 78.1% and 68.9% for overweight boys and girls respectively） was more suitable to support the need for early screening, intervention, and treatment of childhood obesity in China. Conclusion High sensitivity is more important than specificity in choosing appropriate screening tools for childhood obesity. Validity test demonstrates that it is rational to use the WGOC reference, established on the basis of the Chinese own reference population as a uniform screening tool for childhood obesity, which can effectively overcome the unnecessary treatment and psychosociai implications of stigmatization caused by misclassification.

Parental influence on childhood obesity: A review

The issue of childhood obesity is expanding at an accelerated rate compared to previous generations. Both medical and societal conesquences have arisen from this predicament in children and adults. The significance of parental influence as a factor is of key interest in developing possible prevention programs. Three major categories of focus are parental control, attitudes, and behavior in association with childhood overweight and obesity. This comprehendsive systematic and evidence-based review summarizes currently published results, as well as addresses gaps and flaws which should be included in future research on pediatric obesity and parental influence.

Association of Television Watching Practices of Mothers on Overweight and Obesity of Their Under-5 Offspring in Urban Bangladesh

Childhood overweight and obesity, is an emerging public health concern in developing countries like Bangladesh. However, regular television watching by child’s mother and its impact on excess weight gain or overweight and obesity to their offspring is not reported elsewhere. The aim of the present analysis was to determine the socio-demographic characteristics among overweight and obese children based on those mothers who watch television regularly and compare this finding with malnourished and well-nourished under-5 children. A total of 20,800 under-5 children were enrolled during 1996 to 2012 in the Diarrheal Disease Surveillance System (DDSS) of Dhaka Hospital of International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b). Mean weight-for-age z-score (–1.61 vs. –2.30;mean difference: ?0.69;p < 0.001), height-for-age z-score (–1.42 vs. –1.99;–0.57;<0.001), weight-for-height z-score (–1.59 vs. –1.07;–0.53;<0.001), BMI-for-age z-score (–1.09 vs. –1.61, –0.52;<0.001) differed significantly between the children whose mother did and did not watch television regularly. Under-5 children whose mother watched television regularly (2%) compared to those who did not (1%), had 2.28 [(95% CI-1.61 - 3.24) p < 0.001] times increased odds of being overweight and obese. Television watching of mothers is associated with childhood overweight and obesity and is one of the most public health concerns in Bangladesh. These changes may be in part of better socio-economic condition, changes in life style behaviour and dietary pattern.

Prevalence and Correlates of Overweight and Obesity among School Children in Sohag, Egypt

Background: Continually rising prevalence of obesity and overweight in children and adolescents is a major public health concern. This is due to its various and serious health hazards on one side and its preventable nature on the other side. This study aims at identification of prevalence of overweight and obesity and its risk factors among children between 6 - 14 years of age in Sohag, Egypt. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted on 711 school children between 6 - 14 years in four months’ period from February to May 2016. Weight and height of the studied children were measured to calculate BMI, which was compared with standard Egyptian growth charts for determining overweight and obesity. Then a questionnaire containing data about socio demographic, parental obesity, early life and dietary risk factors was completed by the children’s parents. Result: Out of 711 studied children, 117 (16.5%) were overweight and 104 (14.6%) were obese. Residing in urban area, having an obese parent or both of them, low level of maternal education, being on formula feeding during early life and lack of fresh vegetables and fruits in diets were significant risk factors for overweight and obesity in the studied children (P value < 0.05). Conclusion: Improperly educated mothers together with sedentary life style manifested in obesity among the parents and lack of sport practice among children constituted the majors risk factors for childhood obesity. This emphasizes the need for increased health awareness of the community about the importance of proper nutrition and physical activity.

A Theory-Based Dietary Intervention for Overweight, Postpartum Mothers and Their Children Improves Maternal Vegetable Intake

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a dietary intervention to increase target vegetable intake in overweight, postpartum mothers;and their children. Methods: Overweight mothers attending their six-week postpartum follow-up visit and their infants (n = 104 pairs) were randomized to intervention or usual care groups during the time period 2008-2011. Mothers received four 60 minute education sessions with a nutrition professional and eight monthly follow-up phone calls. Counseling began at the obstetrician office and continued at the regularly scheduled pediatric visits. The primary study outcome was the change in maternal target vegetable intake. Secondary outcomes included child target vegetable intake and whether child vegetable intake was modified by exposure to breastfeeding. Mother/child energy intake and weight indices were also assessed. Outcomes were measured at baseline (6-weeks postpartum), 6, 12 (post-intervention), and 18 (follow-up) months. Mixed-effects models were used to estimate the impact of the dietary intervention on study outcomes relative to usual care. Results: Mothers randomized to the intervention had greater consumption of target vegetables at 6, 12 and 18 months (P P P = 0.03, respectively). There were no differences between groups in maternal energy intake, body mass index, or child target vegetable or energy intake. The child’s target vegetable intake at 12 months was related to the mother’s intake at 6 months (P = 0.03), however, this relationship was not modified by exposure to breastfeeding. Conclusion: A dietary intervention targeting the diet of the mother/child dyad resulted in improved maternal vegetable intake.

Relationship between Overweight and Dietary Patterns in Brazilian Preschoolers

Background/Objectives: The prevalence of overweight in children is a growing health problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between overweight and dietary patterns in preschoolers. Methods: In total, 232 preschoolers (age 5) residing in the city of Diamantina, Brazil, were evaluated. Dietary intake from a food frequency questionnaire, anthropometric parameters and socioeconomic/behavioral information from a questionnaire were evaluated using a cross-sectional design. Dietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis, and the relationship between overweight and dietary patterns was examined by logistic regression analysis. Results: “Mixed diet”, “snack” and “unhealthy” dietary patterns were identified. Children daughters of obese mothers, and those who had higher average weight gain in the first four months of life had a significantly higher chance of being overweight (respective values: OR = 3.81;p = 0.002;and OR = 2.97;p = 0.009). Higher levels of maternal education were associated with higher “mixed diet” scores (p < 0.001), whereas lower levels of maternal education (p < 0.001), higher per capita income (p < 0.001) and higher average weight gain from 0 to 4 months (p = 0.002) were associated with higher “snack” scores. Higher per capita income was also associated with lower “unhealthy” scores (p Conclusions: In the present study, overweight was not associated with dietary pattern. However, unhealthy eating habits are known to be risk factors for overweight, and considering that eating habits are formed in childhood, it is very important that healthy eating be encouraged in the family environment and in other spaces like childcare and school.

Being bullied during childhood and the risk of obesity in adulthood: A co-twin control study

Background: The etiology of adult obesity is still poorly understood. It has been shown that over-weight children suffer from adverse psychological events, but less is known about the association of adverse psychological factors among normal weight children and adult obesity. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine if the exposure of perception of being bullied during childhood could be associated with development of adult obesity. Methods: Adult, same-sexed twin pairs discordant for BMI were identified from the Danish Twin Registry. The twins underwent an interview and a physical examination. Data were analyzed by means of a growth-curve model and an intra-pair comparison. This design controls for other influences of early lifestyle and socio economic status and is therefore a powerful tool to study independent effects of specific exposures. Results: In total 236 (81.7%) of the twin individuals identified participated in the study. Participants who reported having been bullied in school, had attained a BMI which was on average 1.4 kg/m2 (95% CI = 0.2;2.5, p = 0.02) higher than those not bullied. Two other questions on specific types of bullying resulted in BMI that were 1.1 kg/m2 (CI = 0.1;2.2, p = 0.03) and 1.9 kg/m2 (CI = 0.7;3.1, p = 0.002) larger than subjects who had not been exposed to bullying. There was a direct association between intra pair differences in BMI and exposure to bullying. Conclusion: The results of the study could indicate that being bullied during childhood seems be associated with adult obesity.

母乳喂养与儿童肥胖的定性循证研究

目的 检索国内外文献,综合分析母乳喂养与儿童肥胖之间的关系。方法 在PubMed、Embase、Medline、Cochrane、中国生物医学文献服务系统和中国知网数据库检索自1998年至2020年国内外公开发表的相关研究文献,语种限定为中文和英文。结果 检索符合条件的文献共168篇,其中中文8篇、英文160篇。采纳2012年至2020年5篇系统综述,3篇队列研究和1篇横断面研究,共9篇文章作为该次研究的主要证据。母乳喂养可降低儿童肥胖的发生危险,并且纯母乳喂养的效果大于混合喂养。母乳喂养持续的时间和降低儿童肥胖发生的风险呈剂量效应,即母乳喂养时间越长,其降低儿童肥胖发生风险的效果越显著。结论 纯母乳喂养大于4个月可有效降低儿童超重和肥胖的发生风险。

维吾尔族和汉族儿童肥胖与血脂的相关性研究

目的:探讨维吾尔族(维族)、汉族儿童血脂与肥胖的相关关系。方法:对超重、肥胖及正常体重儿童进行体格检查,并检测其血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)等指标,进行比较及相关分析。结果:正常、超重和肥胖组间TC、TG、LDL-C水平均明显不同(P<0.01),正常体重组维、汉族儿童的TC和LDL-C明显不同,且维族低于汉族(P<0.001)。体质指数(BMI)、腰臀比和腰围与TG、TC、LDL-C相关(P<0.05)。结论:维族和汉族儿童的肥胖与血脂代谢有相关关系,因此及早预防儿童肥胖,是预防儿童血脂紊乱的重要手段。

徐州市儿童单纯性肥胖调查及不同诊断标准的比较分析

目的 调查徐州市小学生单纯性肥胖患病情况 ,比较标准体重法与新标准BMI法判断儿童肥胖的差异。方法 采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法 ,对徐州市 2 5所小学 1～ 5年级学生进行调查并体检。结果 标准体重法 ,徐州市 7～ 11岁儿童超重与肥胖的总检出率分别为 13.3%、17.4 % ,肥胖 -超重比 (OOR)为 0 .8;新标准BMI法 ,徐州市 7～ 11岁儿童超重与肥胖的总检出率分别为 12 .2 %、11.3% ,OOR为 1.1;新标准男、女儿童超重与肥胖的检出率均低于标准体重法 (P <0 .0 1) ,而OOR值略高于标准体重法。结论 徐州市儿童超重与肥胖的检出率均较高 ,但OOR均在可接受范围内 ;尽快实施有效干预措施可能控制或遏制儿童肥胖的高发趋势 ;新的儿童肥胖判断标准更符合实际 ,且便于操作。

Associations of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Excessive Gestational Weight Gain with Offspring Obesity Risk

Objective Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)and gestational weight gain(GWG)are important risk factors that are known to affect offspring growth,but these outcomes are inconsistent and it remains unknown if both risk factors have a synergetic effect on early childhood growth.The present study aimed to conduct offspring body mass index-for-age Z-scores(BMIZ)trajectories and to evaluate the independent and interactive effect of the status of GDM and excessive GWG on the risks of overweight/obesity from birth to 24 months of age.Methods A total of 7949 mother-child pairs were enrolled in this study.The weight and length of children were measured at birth,6,12,and 24 months of age to calculate BMIZ.Results The status of GDM was positively associated with offspring BMIZ and risk of macrosomia at birth but was not associated with offspring BMIZ or the risks of overweight/obesity at 6,12,and 24 months of age.In contrast,excessive GWG was positively linked to offspring BMIZ,the stable high BMIZ trajectory pattern,and risks of overweight/obesity in the first 24 months of age.These two risk factors also had a significant synergistic effect on macrosomia at birth,but the interactive effect was only significant in boys during the follow-up years in the sex-stratified analyses.Conclusion The maternal GWG was a more pronounced predictor than GDM with relation to BMIZ and risk of overweight/obesity in early childhood.The interactive effect between these risk factors on offspring overweight/obesity may vary by sex.

Impact of the COVID-19 kindergarten closure on overweight and obesity among 3-to 7-year-old children

Background Knowledge on the impact of the temporary kindergarten closure policy under COVID-19 in 2020 on childhood overweight and obesity is inadequate.We aimed to examine differences in rates of overweight and obesity from 2018 to 2021 among kindergarten children aged 3–7 years.Methods Overweight was defined as body mass index(BMI)>1 standard deviation(SD)for age and sex,and obesity was defined as BMI>2 SD for age and sex.Generalized linear mixed modeling was used for analysis.Results A total of 44,884 children and 71,216 growth data points from all 57 public kindergartens in Jiading District,Shanghai,China were analyzed.The rates of obesity from 2018 to 2021 were 6.9%,6.6%,9.5%,and 7.3%in boys and 2.8%,2.8%,4.5%,and 3.1%in girls,respectively.The rates of overweight from 2018 to 2021 were 14.3%,14.3%,18.2%,and 15.3%in boys and 10.6%,10.9%,13.9%,and 11.6%in girls.The rates of obesity and overweight among kindergarten children in 2020 were significantly higher than those in 2018,2019,and 2021.Compared to 2020,the odds ratios of the obesity rate in 2018,2019,and 2021 were 0.67[95%confidence interval(CI)=0.58–0.77,P<0.001],0.72(95%CI=0.64–0.80,P<0.001)and 0.81(95%CI=0.72–0.92,P=0.001),respectively.The odds ratios of the overweight rate in 2018,2019,and 2021 were 0.75(95%CI=0.69–0.82,P<0.001),0.78(95%CI=0.72–0.84,P<0.001),and 0.89(95%CI=0.81–0.97,P=0.008),respectively,compared to 2020.Conclusions The rates of overweight and obesity significantly increased among kindergarten children in 2020 after the 5-month kindergarten closure.It was critical to provide guidance to caregivers on fostering a healthy lifestyle for children at home under public health emergencies.

早期抗生素暴露与儿童肥胖风险的Meta分析

目的系统评价早期抗生素暴露与儿童肥胖风险的相关性。方法计算机检索PubMed、CNKI、维普期刊和万方等数据库,检索时限为从建库至2017年9月,由2位研究员独立筛选早期抗生素暴露与儿童肥胖风险的队列研究,提取资料并评价纳入研究的质量,采用Stata 12.0软件进行Meta分析。结果纳入15个队列研究,共465648例研究对象。Meta分析结果显示:①早期抗生素暴露会增加儿童超重和肥胖的风险(超重:RR=1.20,95%CI 1.08~1.32;肥胖:RR=1.23,95%CI 1.19~1.27);②以性别为亚组进行分析,男孩亚组和女孩亚组都有超重的风险(男:RR=1.35,95%CI 1.17~1.53;女:RR=1.17,95%CI 1.00~1.33);③早期抗生素暴露会增加儿童BMI z值和体重z值(BMI z值:MD=0.06,95%CI 0.03~0.08;体重z值:MD=0.07,95%CI 0.02~0.11)。结论早期抗生素暴露会增加儿童肥胖风险,儿童使用抗生素需谨慎。鉴于纳入文献的质量和样本来源问题,结论尚需进一步验证。

辅食添加与儿童肥胖的定性循证研究

目的检索国内外文献,综合分析辅食添加和儿童肥胖之间的关系。方法在PubMed、Embase、Medline、Cochrane、中国生物医学文献服务系统和中国知网数据库检索1998年至2020年国内外公开发表的相关研究文献,语种限定为中文和英文。结果共检索了符合检索条件的文献124篇,其中中文10篇,英文114篇。采纳了2013年至2020年的5篇系统综述、3篇队列研究和1篇横断面研究,共有9篇文献作为本次研究的主要证据。研究发现婴儿添加辅食早于4个月,尤其是人工喂养,可增加儿童超重肥胖的发生风险;辅食中蛋白和能量过高也可增加儿童体质量指数。结论婴儿辅食添加应避免早于4个月,辅食添加应注意营养均衡,能量适中。

出生体重与儿童期超重肥胖的关系

目的针对儿童出生体重和儿童期出现超重肥胖的实际关系问题进行分析和探讨。方法采用随机抽查的方法,选取城区4所小学一到二年级的学生1000名,然后进行学生体重以及身高方面的测试,并让这些学生的父母填写学生的基本资料,包括儿童出生时的体重、父母文化水平、家庭经济条件以及2岁前的喂养情况等。结果随着儿童出生时体重的增加,儿童肥胖以及超重的发生率明显上升。低出生体重组儿童(BW<2500g)的肥胖发生率在11.2%左右,正常出生体重组儿童(BW=2500～4000g)的肥胖发生率在15.8%左右,高出生体重组儿童(BW>4000g),肥胖发生率在24.5%左右,而且这部分儿童主要以重度肥胖为主。另外,早产低体重儿童的肥胖发生率在16.2%左右,较足月小样儿童高8.5%。结论出现儿童期肥胖的主要危险因素是高出生体重、早产低体重儿童较宫内生长延缓儿童来说,容易出现儿童期的肥胖以及超重情况,所以要从胎儿时期做好预防肥胖的准备。

石家庄市学龄儿童超重、肥胖与血压、血脂和血糖的关系

目的探讨城市学龄儿童超重、肥胖与血压、血脂和血糖等心血管疾病危险因素的聚集性。方法采用多阶段分层抽样,测定石家庄市区913名7～13岁儿童的身高、体重、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDLC)和空腹血糖水平。结果儿童超重和肥胖总检出率为29.24%(男34.98%,女24.23%)。与正常儿童相比,超重和肥胖儿童的SBP、DBP、TC和TG水平明显升高,HDLC明显降低。超重和肥胖儿童的高血压、高TG、高TC、高血糖和低HDLC检出率也明显高于正常儿童。校正年龄和性别后,超重和肥胖儿童的SBP、DBP、TC、TG、血糖升高和HDLC降低的危险性分别为正常儿童的6.77、3.22、2.55、6.42、3.85和2.94倍(95%CI分别是4.15～11.04、1.38～7.49、1.59～4.11、3.46～11.92、1.69～8.78和1.83～4.73);超重与肥胖儿童有任意1、2、3个所选心血管疾病危险因素的危险性分别是正常儿童的2.74、13.15和15.33倍(95%CI分别是1.92～3.92、6.69～25.87和4.17～56.39)。结论儿童期超重与肥胖增加儿童心血管疾病危险因素的聚集性以及儿童获得多个心血管疾病的危险性。控制儿童超重和肥胖有助于心血管疾病的早期预防。

中国儿童超重和低体重与家庭社会经济特征相关性研究

目的探讨中国18岁以下儿童超重和低体重的流行现状及其与家庭社会经济特征（SES）的相关关系。方法利用1991—2009年中国健康与营养调查数据，以0～18岁儿童为研究对象，采用WHO推荐标准衡量儿童超重与低体重，以家庭人均收入和父母接受高等教育比例代表SES，应用Logistic回归模型和分位数回归模型分析SES与儿童超重和低体重之间相关关系的时间变化趋势。结果1991—2009年，中国儿童超重率和低体重率分别增加了1．22倍和0．39倍。Logistic回归结果提示，对于儿童超重，20年间家庭收入已经从保护因素转为了危险因素，而父母教育的危险作用越趋突出；但家庭收入和父母教育与儿童低体重并无显著相关。分析儿童BMI与SES相关关系的分位数回归结果与Logistic回归结果一致。结论家庭收入和父母教育是儿童超重和低体重的影响因素，提示应该积极采取家庭干预措施，预防和控制儿童超重和低体重的发生发展。

中国儿童超重现状及与家庭社会经济特征的相关性研究

目的探讨中国儿童超重流行现状及与家庭社会经济特征的关系。方法利用1991～2009年中国健康与营养调查数据,以7～17岁儿童为研究对象,分别采用中国学龄儿童青少年超重和肥胖标准以及国际肥胖工作组标准衡量儿童超重,应用多重线性回归模型和logistic回归模型讨论家庭社会经济特征与儿童超重的相关关系。结果 1991～2009年间,家庭人均收入与儿童超重率均增长了3倍。多重线性回归结果提示收入可促进体质量指数（BMI）增长。Logistic回归结果提示,高收入家庭的儿童更容易发生超重,其次为中等收入家庭的儿童,低收入家庭儿童发生超重的危险性为高收入家庭的0.490（95%可信区间：0.266,0.904）。结论家庭收入是儿童超重的危险因素,采取家庭干预措施将有助于预防和控制儿童超重。

青岛市0～18岁儿童单纯肥胖症流行病学调查

目的：了解青岛市城区儿童单纯肥胖症流行特点，为相关政策及干预措施的制定提供依据。方法：采用随机整群抽样，抽取15791例城区0～18岁儿童为调查对象，其中男8062例（51．05％），女7729例（48．95％）。测量身长（高）体重，根据美国卫生统计中-6／疾病控制中心（NCHS／CDC）参照人群值，体重≥身高别体重的10％～19％为超重，≥20％为肥胖。结果：青岛市城区0-18岁儿童单纯肥胖症的总检出率为10．48％，男童为12．68％，女童为8．19％。超重总检出率为16．28％，总肥胖超重比为0．64。0～7岁儿童肥胖检出率为6．43％，超重检出率为17．54％；～13岁儿童肥胖检出率为16．64％，超重检出率为12．32％；～18岁儿童肥胖检出率为18．72％，超重检出率为15．73％。脂肪重聚年龄（AR）为3岁；脂肪重聚比ARRI男童为1．1、女童为1．7；ARR2男童为1．2、女童为1．7。结论：青岛市城区0～18岁儿童单纯肥胖和超重检出率较高，已成为影响青岛地区儿童健康的重要因素，有效防治单纯肥胖症是当今儿童保健工作的重要任务。