Research on the Comprehensive Development Trend of National Fitness Activity Centers

With the further advancement of the“National Fitness”strategy and the continuous development of the information age,the National Fitness Activity Centers have become more comprehensive.The comprehensiveness is reflected in the design of diversified sports functions and spaces.The article serves to explore the comprehensive development trend of National Fitness Activity Centers.Through summarizing and sorting out domestic and foreign cases,the trend of the comprehensive development of National Fitness Activity Centers is predicted at three levels:industry,city,and individual functions.

In-situ construction of abundant active centers on hierarchically porous carbon electrode toward high-performance phosphate electrosorption: Synergistic effect of electric field and capture sites

Phosphate removal is crucial for eutrophication control and water quality improvement.Electro-assisted adsorption,an eco-friendly elec-trosorption process,exhibited a promising potential for wastewater treatment.However,there are few works focused on phosphate electro-sorption,and reported electrodes cannot attach satisfactory removal capacities and rates.Herein,electro-assisted adsorption of phosphate via in-situ construction of La active centers on hierarchically porous carbon(LaPC)has been originally demonstrated.The resulted LaPC composite not only possessed a hierarchically porous structure with uniformly dispersed La active sites,but also provided good conductivity for interfacial electron transfer.The LaPC electrode achieved an ultrahigh phosphate electrosorption capability of 462.01 mg g^(-1) at 1 V,outperforming most existing electrodes.The superior phosphate removal performance originates from abundant active centers formed by the coupling of electricfield and capture sites.Besides,the stability and selectivity toward phosphate capture were maintained well even under comprehensive conditions.Moreover,a series of kinetics and isotherms models were employed to validate the electrosorption process.This work demonstrates a deep understanding and promotes a new level of phosphate electrosorption.

Insights into ionic association boosting water oxidation activity and dynamic stability

There have been reports about Fe ions boosting oxygen evolution reaction(OER)activity of Ni-based catalysts in alkaline conditions,while the origin and reason for the enhancement remains elusive.Herein,we attempt to identify the activity improvement and discover that Ni sites act as a host to attract Fe(Ⅲ)to form Fe(Ni)(Ⅲ)binary centres,which serve as the dynamic sites to promote OER activity and stability by cyclical formation of intermediates(Fe(Ⅲ)→Fe(Ni)(Ⅲ)→Fe(Ni)-OH→Fe(Ni)-O→Fe(Ni)OOH→Fe(Ⅲ))at the electrode/electrolyte interface to emit O_(2).Additionally,some ions(Co(Ⅱ),Ni(Ⅱ),and Cr(Ⅲ))can also be the active sites to catalyze the OER process on a variety of electrodes.The Fe(Ⅲ)-catalyzed overall water-splitting electrolyzer comprising bare Ni foam as the anode and Pt/Ni-Mo as the cathode demonstrates robust stability for 1600 h at 1000 mA cm^(-2)@~1.75 V.The results provide insights into the ioncatalyzed effects boosting OER performance.

Review of Two Years of Surgical Activities of the General Surgery Department of the Reference Health Center of Commune I of Bamako Mali

The objectives of this work were to evaluate the surgical activities carried out in the general surgery department of the Reference Health Center of Commune I of Bamako, to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of the operated patients, to determine the main pathologies encountered and to evaluate qualitatively the result of the treatment. In order to improve performance, and the quality of care, and to identify common pathologies in the surgical department, we undertook a retrospective study on surgical activities from January 2009 to December 2010. At the end of this study, out of 474 men and 187 women (equal sex ratio 2.53);we were able to determine the frequency of surgical pathologies. Farmers, housewives and pupils/students were the most represented with 25.9% respectively;20% and 13.3%. The most frequently observed pathologies were wall hernia (44.8%), prostate adenoma (12%) and acute appendicitis (10.5%). The average length of hospitalization was 3.43 days. Infectious complications affected 25 patients (3.8% of cases) and a death rate of 0.45% (i.e. 3 patients). The average cost of care was 53,500 FCFA. Indeed, the reality of surgical practice in health centers was not the same because of the level of skills of practicing surgeons.

Understanding the Pt-like Catalytic Activity of Transition Metal Carbide Ta4C_(3) for I_(3)^(-) Reduction

This paper attempts to understand the Pt-like catalytic activity of transition metal carbide Ta4C_(3) for IRR(I_(3)^(-)reduction reaction)based on the correlation of adsorption energy to d-band center(εd).Ta4C_(3) was prepared by carbothermal reduction method with a template.Its photoelectrochemical properties were investigated as a CE(counter electrode)in DSSC(dye-sensitized solar cell).Its surface electronic structures,including DOS(density of state)andεd,and adsorption energy were computed by first-principle DFT(density functional theory).In TMC(transition metal carbide)Ta4C_(3),the interaction between Ta and C atoms makes the d-band of Ta broaden and results in the downward shift of itsεd.A moderate absorption energy corresponding to theεd is achieved,which is the nature of the Pt-like catalytic activity of Ta4C_(3).Appropriate change of adsorption energy by adjustingεd is a promising strategy to improve catalytic activity.This work is of great significance to the fundamental and application researches.

The Role of Fluids in Promoting Seismic Activity in Active Spreading Centers of the Salton Trough, California, USA

We interpret seismic activity in the active spreading centers of the Salton Trough to indicate 1) a magmatic intrusion in the lower crust beneath the active Brawly, Cerro Prieto, Imperial, Elsinore, and San Jacinto fault systems;and 2) fluids in the upper crust that have been released from that magmatic body. The absence of a magmatic body and fluids at the location of fossil spreading centers along the Sand Hill and Algodones faults ndicated by little or no seismic activity in those areas. We show several lines of evidence to point out that both melt and fluids related to the seismic activity. In particular, receiver function analysis, Vp/Vs ratios, and tomographic data reveal low velocity zones coincide with the location of the active spreading centers. High Vp/Vs ratios and low velocity zones in the lower crust and upper mantle attributed to melt inclusion, while low Vp/Vs ratios in the upper crust are attributed water inclusions. Frequency-mag- nitude distributions characterized by high b-values in southern California;high b-values have also been associated with crustal fluids. A crustal scale model developed from the receiver functions, gravity, and magnetic data supports the existence of a magmatic intrusion within about 20 km of the surface southwest of the Salton Sea, that intrusion extends for 70 km in a SW-NE direction.

Increased physical activity, physician recommendation, and senior center participation

Physical activity is a recognized preventive health measure for seniors and an important focus for senior centers. This paper employs the Andersen Behavioral Model to explore increased physical activity and participation in three types of senior center activities: physical fitness, dance/aerobic classes, and chair exercises. Data were collected in 2006 on 798 and in 2007 on 742 participants at 21 multipurpose senior centers in a large urban county. Logistic regression analysis (PROC RLOGIST in SAS-callable SUDAAN) was employed to predict increased physical activity, with modes of center participation in physical activity as mediating factors. Predisposing and enabling factors predicted both engaging in center-based exercise programs and increases in physical activity;but the strongest predictors of increases in physical activity were needed factors: physician recommendations to increase exercise and to lose weight. Implications are that both SCs and healthcare providers are important to promote physical activity in the older population.

Spatiotemporal Neural Activity Changes in the Molluscan Olfactory Center Specifically Induced by Innately Aversive and <i>In Vitro</i>Aversively Conditioned Odors

In the procerebrum (PC), the olfactory center, of the land slug Limax, an oscillation of local field potential (LFP) with 0.5 - 1 Hz is observed by electrophysiological extracellular recording. The oscillation has a phase delay along the distal-proximal axis, resulting in the propagation of waves from the distal to proximal region. One important advantage of nervous systems of mollusks such as Limax is that their nervous systems in vitro retain several types of computational properties found in vivo (e.g. learning and memory). A previous study showed that the LFP frequency in the PC of Limax increased specifically in response to innately aversive and in vitro aversively conditioned odors. In the present study, we examined spatiotemporal neural activity changes induced in the PC by those odors using the fluorescent voltage imaging technique. The results showed that innately aversive (onion and hexanol) and in vitro aversively conditioned (carrot, which is innately attractive) odors specifically induced an increase in propagation speed of the neural activity in the PC, while innately attractive odors did not induce it. The results also suggested that the avoidance behavior by those odors might be induced by the increase of propagation speed and the following increases in the discharges of the partial nerve that transmits the motor output.

Suitability Evaluation of Physical Activity Places in Urban Parks for Children's Play Activities:A Case Study of Four Urban Parks in Handan

Taking 4 urban parks in Handan City as the research objects, 41 suitability evaluation indicators are selected according to the relevant literature reading. The common factors are extracted through factor analysis and the importance questionnaire and summarized into 6 dimensions, namely children's play facilities and auxiliary facility quality factor, natural environment participation factor, children's play space convenience factor, artificial environment participation factor, space environment quality and safety factor, children's game activity facility perfection factor, and the weights of public factors and indicators are calculated. Then the index score is calculated through field measurement and satisfaction survey, and the IPA analysis method is used to draw the coordinate map of key optimization indicators for 4 parks. Finally, corresponding optimization suggestions are put forward for Handan urban parks according to the analysis and evaluation results.

以教材为中心的教学文化:中国经验与全球意义

中国基础教育教学最突出的特点是重视教材。我们把这种教学概括为“以教材为中心的教学”,这既是一种教学活动,又是一种教学文化。为确保以教材为中心的教学的有效运行,我国教育工作者又创造性地建构了重要的保障及引领体系:考评体系和教研体系。以教材为中心的教学、以教材为中心的考评、以教材为中心的教研,构成了中国特色的以教材为中心的教学文化。以教材为中心的教学文化反映了教育教学的初心与规律,是中华优秀传统文化的集中体现,既是立足中国大地的中国经验,也具有广泛而重要的全球价值。当今,以教材为中心的教学文化需要抓住中华民族伟大复兴的时代机遇,从知识立意转向素养立意,实现自身的创造性转化和创新性升华,为全球教育提供超越欧美课程教学模式的重要思想资源。

曾国藩对晚清翻译活动的影响——以江南制造局翻译馆为例

曾国藩是洋务运动的主要代表人物之一,在洋务运动中支持创办了江南制造局翻译馆,组织了大规模的译书活动,对近代中国社会产生了重大影响。“赞助人”是文学系统之外影响翻译活动的重要因素。赞助者在很大程度上会影响到某个社会特定时期翻译的选材和具体操作。从赞助人视角出发,探究晚清时期曾国藩作为江南制造局翻译馆主要赞助者对当时翻译活动的影响,指出其对晚清翻译活动的影响主要体现在对文本、译者和翻译策略的选择三个方面。

在硫化钼基面上调控原子级协同活性中心用于碱氢演化反应

电解水技术是一种生产高纯氢燃料的方法,能够增强可再生能源发电系统的消纳能力.相较于质子交换膜(PEM)电解槽,碱性(ALK)电解槽可以使用非贵金属基催化电极,拥有更高的经济效益和市场占有率.然而,由于ALK电解槽处于质子稀缺环境,阴极氢气演化反应(HER)动力学变得更加复杂,需要快速解离水分子提供动态质子微环境.硫化钼(MoS_(2))纳米片边缘具有合适的质子吸附和演化的活性位点,是制备HER催化剂的潜力材料.但其二维基面原子由于配位饱和,显示出较弱的质子吸附能力.如何调控MoS_(2)基面以实现水解动力与质子吸附演化动力的集成,提升MoS_(2)纳米片的碱性HER活性,具有重要的科学和应用意义.本文提出了一种Co/O双原子植入策略,精准调控双活性位点及其电子结构,实现了水解离动力和质子吸附演化动力的高效耦联.首先,利用刻蚀和电沉积的两步实验法,在MoS_(2)基面上成功引入O和Co原子;随后,结合高分辨透射电镜、高角环形暗场-扫描透射电子显微镜、同步辐射X射线吸收精细结构谱等表征分析技术,精准识别了掺杂Co/O原子的位置和配位情况:O原子替换部分S原子,Co原子占据Mo原子的上方,构建出立体凸起的“O-Co-S_(2)”配位构型.催化在线的原位表征分析结果表明:该独特的“O-Co-S_(2)”原子基序发挥着水解离与氢演化反应协同催化效应.密度泛函理论计算结果也证实了该协同机制,其中Co位点促进水的解离反应,而S位点则有助于质子的转化生成氢气.因此,Co/O掺杂MoS_(2)催化剂(Co-O@MoS_(2))表现出较好的碱性HER活性:仅需81 mV的过电位,即可达到100 mA cm^(‒2)的电流密度,Tafel斜率低至42 mV dec^(‒1),在600 mA cm^(‒2)的高电流密度测试中运行300 h活性无衰减.上述碱性HER性能不仅远高于原始的MoS_(2)纳米片,而且也领先于部分已报道结果.综上所述,本文在MoS_(2)基面上构筑了原子级协同催化活性中心,显著促进了碱性HER反应性能,为原子活化工程开发先进催化剂提供参考,在原子级基序构造、表征和功能分析方面提供借鉴.

云南省净初级生产力时空变化及其影响因素分析

净初级生产力(net primary production,NPP)是衡量生态系统碳循环的重要指标。文章基于MOD17A3HGF数据和气象数据,利用Theil-Sen Median趋势分析、重心模型和相关性分析等方法对云南省2011—2020年NPP时空变化特征和影响因素进行研究,并定量区分人类活动和气候变化对植被的影响。结果表明:2011—2020年云南省NPP在空间上呈自西向东、自南向北逐渐下降的分布特征,平均值为1025.22 gC·m^(-2)·a^(-1);高波动区主要分布在迪庆藏族自治州和怒江傈僳族自治州;NPP与气温显著相关区域主要分布在滇东地区,与降水显著相关区域主要分布在滇中和滇东北地区;影响研究区植被恢复的因子顺序为:气候变化>气候变化与人类活动共同作用>人类活动;影响研究区植被退化的因子顺序为:人类活动>气候变化与人类活动共同作用>气候变化。

现有社区空间环境适老化评价研究——以南京市江北新区为例

社区中心作为老年人日常出行活动的公共场所,其空间环境的各要素与老年人活动品质息息相关。研究选取南京市江北新区老龄化最严重的三个街道中的社区为对象,采用问卷调查及访谈的方式对老年人活动进行使用评价,对其在社区中的活动偏好及行为方式等方面进行分析及总结归纳,探索不同空间环境要素对老年人活动时长、活动类型、活动频率的影响程度,综合分析由于可达性、活动空间、医疗卫生、景观绿化、设施维护因素的差异对老年人日常行为活动产生的影响,并据此提出相关环境品质优化建议。

基于BIM的建筑全生命周期智慧建造应用研究

文章以BIM为导向,以建筑全生命周期为视角,整理了智慧设计、施工和运维的内涵;以Revit平台进行实践项目“大学生活动中心”的智慧设计,用BIM5D跟踪实现其智慧施工,以BIM集成化等维度构建其智慧运维体系。研究模拟并验证了建筑全生命周期智慧建造在实践项目上的应用,实现了建筑生命周期的信息化集成,为建筑向智慧、精益发展奠定了理论基础。

开放共享,共建共治:冬奥社区综合文化活动中心更新改造

在老旧小区改造中,社区文化活动中心的建设是完善社区功能、增进社区治理的重要抓手。在城市更新的背景下,其改造策略应通过多元复合与开放共享,实现高效利用、聚集人气的效果。冬奥社区综合文化中心的更新改造,采用弹性多变的空间布局策略,营造凝聚集体记忆的社区活动场所,尝试在冬奥社区老旧小区改造中,打造承载公共生活、体现在地特色的社区文化活动综合体,同时全程贯彻“共商、共建、共治、共享”的组织模式,探索通过社区中心建设增进社区治理的新方式。

磷掺杂碳负载Zn_(x)P_(y)O_(z)常温常压下高效电催化合成氨

合成氨(NH_(3))的发展是现代工业进程和人类生存的基石。受氮气(N_(2))化学惰性的限制,当前的合成氨工业能源消耗高并且排放大量的二氧化碳。电化学氮气还原反应(NRR),是有望取代高能耗的Haber-Bosch(HB)合成法的一种绿色可持续的合成氨工艺。然而,因氮气以及析氢竞争富反应(HER)导致电催化氮气还原极低的NH_(3)产率和能量转换效率一直是目前人工固氮领域面临的挑战。在本文中,我们报道了一种具有丰富孔结构的磷掺杂碳(PC)负载Zn_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)/Zn_(2)P_(2)O_(7)纳米复合材料(h-PC/Zn_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)/Zn_(2)P_(2)O_(7)),在酸性和中性介质中将N_(2)高效催化转化为NH_(3)。其独特的分级多孔结构提高了表面粗糙度并加快了氮气在催化剂体相中的扩散,这有利于延长氮气在催化剂表面的停留时间以及提高活性位点的利用效率。而多组分的均匀分布可以调节电子结构并优化反应中间体的吸附行为,进而提高活性位点的本征活性。在0.1mol·L^(-1)HCI电解液中,h-PC/Zn_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)/Zn_(2)P_(2)O_(7)在-0.2 V vs.可逆氢电极(RHE)电位下NH_(3)的产率可以达到38.7±1.2μg·h^(-1)·mgcat^(-1),法拉第效率为19.8%±0.9%。此外;h-PC/Zn_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)/Zn_(2)P_(2)O_(7)在0.1 mol·L^(-1)Na_(2)SO_(4)溶液中同样展现出优异的电催化氮气还原合成氨性能,NH_(3)产率及法拉第效率分别为17.1±0.8μg·h^(-1)·mgcat^(-1)和15.g%±0.6%,明显优于PC/Zn_(3)P_(2)、C/ZnO和大多数报道的非贵金属电催化剂。这种优异的性能主要归因于多孔结构有利于传质及多组分活性位点协同效应。此外,我们采用非原位X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)等表征手段对NRR测试前后h-PC/Zn_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)/Zn_(2)P_(2)O_(7)的组成和结构变化进行了剖析。在反应后检测到了新增的N物种信号,证明催化剂确实发生了氮气还原反应。本研究提供了一种通过同步构建传质通道并耦合不同的活性位点以协同增强NRR活性和选择性的新思路,这对加快绿色制氨工业化具有重大意义。

珠江口盆地番禺低隆起新生代断裂体系及油气成藏潜力

番禺低隆起的油气勘探潜力受新生代断裂体系控制,目前对其断裂特征和演化过程的研究较为匮乏。利用覆盖番禺低隆起的三维地震资料,对研究区的结构特征、断裂平面展布、断裂剖面变形样式等进行分析;定量计算了新生代以来各洼陷边界断裂的活动速率,划分了断裂活动期次;对研究区新生代演化过程进行了复原,分析了不同时期断裂发育的动力学成因。结果表明:番禺低隆起各洼陷均为“南断北超”结构,控洼断裂沿走向的不连续导致洼陷具有多个沉积中心;控洼断裂新生代活动可划分为初始裂陷期、加速裂陷期、裂后拗陷期、构造复活期和构造平静期;其中,文昌组沉积期和韩江组下段沉积期为断层活动的两大高峰期;番禺低隆起新生代断裂的发育受到基底先存断裂的严格控制,断裂走向自深到浅发生顺时针偏转,与南海区域应力场的偏转密切相关。裂陷期断裂活动强烈,使得番禺低隆起具备发育优质烃源岩的潜力。

分子筛催化反应过程高效化的技术进展

以分子筛为活性组分制成的催化剂广泛应用于石油化工领域。设计开发高效能的分子筛催化剂来实现化学反应过程高效化,可为化工企业节能降耗和降本增效提供技术支撑。种类繁多的催化反应对分子筛提出了不同的需求,本文从四个方面综述了开发高效分子筛的技术进展,包括硅铝分子筛酸性活性中心调变和钛硅分子筛Ti活性中心构建的活性中心修饰方案、微孔分子筛内部造介孔和介孔SiO2包覆分子筛的孔道结构调变方案、制备纳米级颗粒和控制择向性生长的晶体形貌控制方案、创制新结构分子筛的拓扑结构创新方案,探讨了分子筛催化剂的未来发展方向,指出我国仍需在该领域持续加强技术创新,尤其是原始创新,做到产学研深度结合,将先进技术转化为可实际操作的方案,最终服务于生产装置、实现工业应用是提高石油化工技术进步的重点工作。

羰基合成与羰基化催化剂的研究进展及工业化应用

羰基合成反应在催化化学中扮演着重要角色,并通过新合成方法和新物质的多样性创制成为生产多种含氧化合物及高附加值产品的重要途径。而恰当的催化体系是羰基合成工艺和技术的关键,也是羰基化反应实现工业化的研究重点。首先从不同的反应底物、不同的羰基来源以及不同的反应类型等方面对羰基合成反应及研究进展进行概述,然后从以金属和非金属为活性中心的角度对羰基化催化剂的应用及研究进展进行阐述,最后列举了几种典型的羰基合成反应及羰基化催化剂在工业上的应用。