Candidiasis, also known as candidiasis vulvovaginitis, is an infection caused by different types of Candida fungi, the most frequent being Candida albicans. The present study reports an effective strategy, which opens...Candidiasis, also known as candidiasis vulvovaginitis, is an infection caused by different types of Candida fungi, the most frequent being Candida albicans. The present study reports an effective strategy, which opens new avenues for the treatment of this public health problem. The MAC<sup>®</sup> Methodology, conventional laser light-emitting (LLLT)/LED) methods are based on the biphasic response demonstrated many times in LLLT research and as with other forms of drugs, a “drug” (irradiation parameters) and a “dose” (irradiation times) and the “Arndt-Schulz Law” is often cited as a suitable model to describe the dose-dependent effects of LLLT. This method uses photopharmaceuticals, cell markers and the use of correct parameters for each case to induce the acceleration of tissue repair. The present study shows a case of a 32-year-old patient diagnosed with recurrent candidiasis 4 years ago. Eighteen sessions were performed (every other day) using a photoactivated component (Methylene blue 1% + Clotrimazole 1%) and LED phototherapy (red, blue and violet) with emission times of 60 - 260 seconds for each applicator, according to the dose recommendations of the scar acceleration method (MAC<sup>®</sup>). At the sixth treatment session there was a noticeable decrease in the itching sensation reported by the patient. In session 11 she reported feeling a great improvement, indicating that she no longer felt itching in any area after 18 sessions. The present case demonstrates new methodologies to treat common problems in the population that have a positive impact on the quality of life. This methodology has a promising future because it is non-invasive and requires a great biological transformation for inflammatory, fungal and viral control.展开更多
Since the beginning of the coronavirus disease(COVID)2019 pandemic,thou-sands of articles on the topic have been published,and although there is a growing trend of research on another associated condition,long coronav...Since the beginning of the coronavirus disease(COVID)2019 pandemic,thou-sands of articles on the topic have been published,and although there is a growing trend of research on another associated condition,long coronavirus disease,important points still remain to be clarified in this respect.Robust evidence has suggested a relevant link between new clinical discoveries and molecular mechanisms that could be associated with the manifestations of different signs and symptoms involving cases of long COVID.However,one of the existing gaps that requires further investigation concerns a possible rela-tionship between gut candidiasis and long COVID.While recent studies also suggest an interplay between the occurrence of these two conditions,it is not yet fully clear how this may happen,as well as the specifics regarding the possible pathophysiological mechanisms involved.In this connection and with the advent of a potential strengthening of the body of evidence supporting the hypothesis of a link between gut candidiasis and long COVID,a better understanding of the clinical presentation,pathophysiology and clinical management of such a relationship should be essential and useful for both,additional advances towards more targeted research and appropriate case management.Knowing more about the signs,symptoms,and complications associated with cases of long COVID is essential in order to more effectively mitigate the related burden and provide a higher quality of care and life for the affected population.In light of this and the need for better outcomes,here we review and discuss the content on different aspects of long COVID,including its pathophysiology and the existing evidence of a potential relationship between such a condition and gut candidiasis,as well as suggest propositions for future related research.INTRODUCTION Long coronavirus disease(COVID)is a condition characterized by the emergence of new symptoms or the persistence of existing symptoms for at least two months,three months after the initial infection[1].Although such a condition has initially been extensively studied,there are still many contradictions between the findings and methodologies of different related research articles[2,3].Within this context and since the middle of the COVID-19 pandemic,important studies have been published in the literature reporting the occurrence of fungal infections among COVID-19 patients[4,5],including mucormycosis,and oral candidiasis[6].On the other hand,evidence on a possible relationship between gut candidiasis and long COVID is still recent[7].Indeed,a marked gastrointestinal(GI)fungal dysbiosis together with perturbation of the lung-gut axis has been observed in severe COVID-19 patients.This combined with neutrophilia and an exacerbated worsening of the inflammatory response,which can be implicated in the acute and chronic immunopathology of such a viral disease[7,8].Furthermore,persistent changes in the immune system may also occur,resulting in a possible relationship with the occurrence of long COVID[7].However,more targeted evidence is still scarce and the specific topic related to gut candidiasis has been the subject of little discussion.In response to this,in this article we discuss general aspects of long COVID,the inherent pathophysiology and current evidence of a potential relationship between this condition and gut candidiasis,in addition to providing recommendations for future research.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Tovani-Palone MR thanks the Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences for supporting this study.展开更多
BACKGROUND Oral candidiasis(OC)is an oral health disease that could influence patients’oral health quality of life.AIM To estimate prevalence of OC among disabled and non-disabled individuals and its potential risk f...BACKGROUND Oral candidiasis(OC)is an oral health disease that could influence patients’oral health quality of life.AIM To estimate prevalence of OC among disabled and non-disabled individuals and its potential risk factors in the Al-Baha region,Saudi Arabia.METHODS An observational cross-sectional study was carried out among 148 disabled and non-disabled participants.The technique of concentrated oral rinse employing the Sabouraud Dextrose Agar medium accompanied with 0.05%chloramphenicol was conducted to assess and isolate candida.Oral examination using the World Health Organization guidelines was conducted to examine participants’oral hea-lth status.A pre-designed questionnaire was also used to evaluate sociodemo-graphic,medical history,and oral hygiene habits of the studied population.RESULTS Out of 148 participants(n=57,38%)had colonized candida.None of the studied population had visible Candida lesions.However,Candida was found in the oral rinses without the subject presenting any lesions or issues caused by Candida(asymptomatic colonization).The most common prevalent OC among participants were Candida albicans,Candida glabrata,Candida dubliniensis,Candida krusei,Candida tropicalis,and Candida parapsilosis(n=35,61%;n=8,14%;n=6,10%;n=5,9%;n=2,4%;and n=1,2%)respectively.Diabetes,smoking,poor plaque,and gingival status were key potential risk factors that significantly associated with candida’s density and presence(P=0.001,P=0.001,P=0.01,and P=0.01)respectively.Disability status had no statistically significant effect on presence and density of Candida.CONCLUSION The prevalence of OC is almost third of the studied population;thus,may provoke a need to develop preventive strategies to reduce the OC rate and establish solid treatment plans.展开更多
Background: Superficial candidiasis is a very frequent opportunistic disease caused by yeasts of the genus Candida. Among Candida types, some, such as Candida auris, have developed resistance to several antifungal age...Background: Superficial candidiasis is a very frequent opportunistic disease caused by yeasts of the genus Candida. Among Candida types, some, such as Candida auris, have developed resistance to several antifungal agents. The objective of this study was to determine the hospital frequency of superficial candidiasis diagnosed at the CHU Fann and to investigate the presence of C. auris among the identified Candida strains. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to June 2019. It involved all patients received at the Parasitology-Mycology laboratory of the CHU of Fann for suspected superficial candidiasis. Nails, skin, and vaginal specimens were subjected to direct examination and culture to identify yeasts of the genus Candida. The Candida strains were then tested by molecular biology targeting the specific C. auris ITS2 region. Results: A total of 1196 patients were examined. One thousand two hundred and five specimens (1205) were collected, including 1042 vaginal specimens, 92 nail specimens, and 71 skin specimens. Superficial candidiasis was diagnosed in 408 patients (37%). Women (34.52%) and patients under 30 years of age (39.60%) were the most affected. Yeasts of the genus Candida were found in 411 specimens (349 vaginal swabs, 36 nail fragments, and 26 skin flakes) by routine mycological techniques. The Candida albicans complex (C. albicans, C. dubliniensis, and C. africana) represented 75.91% of the Candida strains isolated. Molecular biology did not identify C. auris. Conclusion: Superficial candidiasis remains very common in hospitals in Senegal. Candida auris was not found in our study. Due to its rapid spread, surveillance is necessary to prevent epidemics in our hospitals.展开更多
BACKGROUND Although esophageal candidiasis(EC)may manifest in immunocompetent individuals,there is a lack of consensus in the current literature about predisposing conditions that increase the risk of infection.AIM To...BACKGROUND Although esophageal candidiasis(EC)may manifest in immunocompetent individuals,there is a lack of consensus in the current literature about predisposing conditions that increase the risk of infection.AIM To determine the prevalence of EC in patients without human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)and identify risk factors for infection.METHODS We retrospectively reviewed inpatient and outpatient encounters from 5 regional hospitals within the United States(US)from 2015 to 2020.International Classification of Diseases,Ninth and Tenth Revisions were used to identify patients with endoscopic biopsies of the esophagus and EC.Patients with HIV were excluded.Adults with EC were compared to age,gender,and encounter-matched controls without EC.Patient demographics,symptoms,diagnoses,medications,and laboratory data were obtained from chart extraction.Differences in medians for continuous variables were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test and categorical variables using chi-square analyses.Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors for EC,after adjusting for potential confounding factors.RESULTS Of the 1969 patients who had endoscopic biopsies of the esophagus performed from 2015 to 2020,295 patients had the diagnosis of EC.177 of 1969 patients(8.99%)had pathology confirming the diagnosis of EC and were included in the study for data collection and further analysis.In comparison to controls,patients with EC had significantly higher rates of gastroesophageal reflux disease(40.10%vs 27.50%;P=0.006),prior organ transplant(10.70%vs 2%;P<0.001),immunosuppressive medication(18.10%vs 8.10%;P=0.002),proton pump inhibitor(48%vs 30%;P<0.001),corticosteroid(35%vs 17%;P<0.001),Tylenol(25.40%vs 16.20%;P=0.019),and aspirin use(39%vs 27.50%;P=0.013).On multivariable logistic regression analysis,patients with a prior organ transplant had increased odds of EC(OR=5.81;P=0.009),as did patients taking a proton pump inhibitor(OR=1.66;P=0.03)or corticosteroids(OR=2.05;P=0.007).Patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease or medication use,including immunosuppressive medications,Tylenol,and aspirin,did not have a significantly increased odds of EC.CONCLUSION Prevalence of EC in non-HIV patients was approximately 9%in the US from 2015-2020.Prior organ transplant,proton pump inhibitors,and corticosteroids were identified as independent risk factors for EC.展开更多
目的建立基于微滴式数字PCR(droplet digital PCR,ddPCR)技术快速检测重症患者侵袭性念珠菌感染的方法。方法基于微滴式数字PCR平台建立检测体系,设计四种念珠菌(白色念珠菌、光滑念珠菌、近平滑念珠菌和热带滑念珠菌)特异性引物探针;(1...目的建立基于微滴式数字PCR(droplet digital PCR,ddPCR)技术快速检测重症患者侵袭性念珠菌感染的方法。方法基于微滴式数字PCR平台建立检测体系,设计四种念珠菌(白色念珠菌、光滑念珠菌、近平滑念珠菌和热带滑念珠菌)特异性引物探针;(1)对无模板对照(no tmplate contral,NTC)样品进行检测,确定空白限(limit of blank,LOB)范围和阳性判断值;(2)通过对阳性样本进行稀释,每个浓度梯度各进行10次重复提取检测,确定检测限(limit of detection,LOD)范围;(3)重复检测稀释后的样本,确定定量限(limit of quantitation,LOQ)范围;(4)对阳性样品进行梯度稀释,确定线性范围;(5)通过2个高低浓度的阳性样本提取检测,进行12次重复性测试,计算结果浓度对数值的变异系数(CV);(6)通过具有真菌培养结果的临床样本进行检测,评估方法可靠度。结果ddPCR检测念珠菌LOB在0~81 copies/mL之间,阳性判断值为≥3个阳性微滴;LOD为3×10^(2) copies/mL;LOQ为3×10^(2) copies/mL;不同浓度梯度检测线性范围是3×10^(2)~3×10^(7)copies/mL,相关系数为:白色念珠菌R^(2)=0.9995、光滑念珠菌R^(2)=0.9989、近平滑念珠菌R^(2)=0.9994、热带滑念珠菌R^(2)=0.999;结果浓度对数值的CV<5%,满足精密度要求;通过检测建立方法初步验证临床标本,结果与临床培养结果一致。结论ddPCR对重症患者侵袭性念珠菌感染的检测灵敏度高、重复性好,特异性高。展开更多
目的探讨苯扎氯铵阴道冲洗联合克霉唑阴道栓对外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病的疗效及生活质量的影响。方法选取2020年1月—2023年3月福建医科大学附属第二医院外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病患者125例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组(62例)与观...目的探讨苯扎氯铵阴道冲洗联合克霉唑阴道栓对外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病的疗效及生活质量的影响。方法选取2020年1月—2023年3月福建医科大学附属第二医院外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病患者125例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组(62例)与观察组(63例)。对照组给予克霉唑阴道栓阴道栓塞治疗,观察组患者在克霉唑阴道栓的基础上,给予0.01%苯扎氯铵阴道冲洗。比较2组的疗效、欧洲五维健康量表(EuroQol Five Dimensions Questionnaire,EQ-5D)评分、治疗满意度及不良反应发生率。结果观察组有效率为80.95%(51/63),对照组为62.90%(39/62),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.763,P=0.034)。观察组疼痛/不舒服、焦虑/抑郁、总体状态等方面的生活质量评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而行动能力、自己照顾自己、日常活动评分与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组总满意度为87.30%(55/63),对照组为77.42%(48/62),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.822,P=0.033)。结论苯扎氯铵阴道冲洗联合克霉唑阴道栓可以提高外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病的疗效,改善生活质量,提高护理满意度,安全性高。展开更多
BACKGROUND Studies have revealed that Children's psychological,behavioral,and emotional problems are easily influenced by the family environment.In recent years,the family structure in China has undergone signific...BACKGROUND Studies have revealed that Children's psychological,behavioral,and emotional problems are easily influenced by the family environment.In recent years,the family structure in China has undergone significant changes,with more families having two or three children.AIM To explore the relationship between emotional behavior and parental job stress in only preschool and non-only preschool children.METHODS Children aged 3-6 in kindergartens in four main urban areas of Shijiazhuang were selected by stratified sampling for a questionnaire and divided into only and nononly child groups.Their emotional behaviors and parental pressure were compared.Only and non-only children were paired in a 1:1 ratio by class and age(difference less than or equal to 6 months),and the matched data were compared.The relationship between children's emotional behavior and parents'job stress before and after matching was analyzed.RESULTS Before matching,the mother's occupation,children's personality characteristics,and children's rearing patterns differed between the groups(P<0.05).After matching 550 pairs,differences in the children's parenting styles remained.There were significant differences in children's gender and parents'attitudes toward children between the two groups.The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire(SDQ)scores of children in the only child group and the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form(PSI-SF)scores of parents were significantly lower than those in the non-only child group(P<0.05).Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that after matching,there was a positive correlation between children's parenting style and parents'attitudes toward their children(r=0.096,P<0.01),and the PSI-SF score was positively correlated with children's gender,parents'attitudes toward their children,and SDQ scores(r=0.077,0.193,0.172,0.222).CONCLUSION Preschool children's emotional behavior and parental pressure were significantly higher in multi-child families.Parental pressure in differently structured families was associated with many factors,and preschool children's emotional behavior was positively correlated with parental pressure.展开更多
文摘Candidiasis, also known as candidiasis vulvovaginitis, is an infection caused by different types of Candida fungi, the most frequent being Candida albicans. The present study reports an effective strategy, which opens new avenues for the treatment of this public health problem. The MAC<sup>®</sup> Methodology, conventional laser light-emitting (LLLT)/LED) methods are based on the biphasic response demonstrated many times in LLLT research and as with other forms of drugs, a “drug” (irradiation parameters) and a “dose” (irradiation times) and the “Arndt-Schulz Law” is often cited as a suitable model to describe the dose-dependent effects of LLLT. This method uses photopharmaceuticals, cell markers and the use of correct parameters for each case to induce the acceleration of tissue repair. The present study shows a case of a 32-year-old patient diagnosed with recurrent candidiasis 4 years ago. Eighteen sessions were performed (every other day) using a photoactivated component (Methylene blue 1% + Clotrimazole 1%) and LED phototherapy (red, blue and violet) with emission times of 60 - 260 seconds for each applicator, according to the dose recommendations of the scar acceleration method (MAC<sup>®</sup>). At the sixth treatment session there was a noticeable decrease in the itching sensation reported by the patient. In session 11 she reported feeling a great improvement, indicating that she no longer felt itching in any area after 18 sessions. The present case demonstrates new methodologies to treat common problems in the population that have a positive impact on the quality of life. This methodology has a promising future because it is non-invasive and requires a great biological transformation for inflammatory, fungal and viral control.
文摘Since the beginning of the coronavirus disease(COVID)2019 pandemic,thou-sands of articles on the topic have been published,and although there is a growing trend of research on another associated condition,long coronavirus disease,important points still remain to be clarified in this respect.Robust evidence has suggested a relevant link between new clinical discoveries and molecular mechanisms that could be associated with the manifestations of different signs and symptoms involving cases of long COVID.However,one of the existing gaps that requires further investigation concerns a possible rela-tionship between gut candidiasis and long COVID.While recent studies also suggest an interplay between the occurrence of these two conditions,it is not yet fully clear how this may happen,as well as the specifics regarding the possible pathophysiological mechanisms involved.In this connection and with the advent of a potential strengthening of the body of evidence supporting the hypothesis of a link between gut candidiasis and long COVID,a better understanding of the clinical presentation,pathophysiology and clinical management of such a relationship should be essential and useful for both,additional advances towards more targeted research and appropriate case management.Knowing more about the signs,symptoms,and complications associated with cases of long COVID is essential in order to more effectively mitigate the related burden and provide a higher quality of care and life for the affected population.In light of this and the need for better outcomes,here we review and discuss the content on different aspects of long COVID,including its pathophysiology and the existing evidence of a potential relationship between such a condition and gut candidiasis,as well as suggest propositions for future related research.INTRODUCTION Long coronavirus disease(COVID)is a condition characterized by the emergence of new symptoms or the persistence of existing symptoms for at least two months,three months after the initial infection[1].Although such a condition has initially been extensively studied,there are still many contradictions between the findings and methodologies of different related research articles[2,3].Within this context and since the middle of the COVID-19 pandemic,important studies have been published in the literature reporting the occurrence of fungal infections among COVID-19 patients[4,5],including mucormycosis,and oral candidiasis[6].On the other hand,evidence on a possible relationship between gut candidiasis and long COVID is still recent[7].Indeed,a marked gastrointestinal(GI)fungal dysbiosis together with perturbation of the lung-gut axis has been observed in severe COVID-19 patients.This combined with neutrophilia and an exacerbated worsening of the inflammatory response,which can be implicated in the acute and chronic immunopathology of such a viral disease[7,8].Furthermore,persistent changes in the immune system may also occur,resulting in a possible relationship with the occurrence of long COVID[7].However,more targeted evidence is still scarce and the specific topic related to gut candidiasis has been the subject of little discussion.In response to this,in this article we discuss general aspects of long COVID,the inherent pathophysiology and current evidence of a potential relationship between this condition and gut candidiasis,in addition to providing recommendations for future research.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Tovani-Palone MR thanks the Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences for supporting this study.
基金the King Salman Center for Disability Research,No.KSRG-2023-169.
文摘BACKGROUND Oral candidiasis(OC)is an oral health disease that could influence patients’oral health quality of life.AIM To estimate prevalence of OC among disabled and non-disabled individuals and its potential risk factors in the Al-Baha region,Saudi Arabia.METHODS An observational cross-sectional study was carried out among 148 disabled and non-disabled participants.The technique of concentrated oral rinse employing the Sabouraud Dextrose Agar medium accompanied with 0.05%chloramphenicol was conducted to assess and isolate candida.Oral examination using the World Health Organization guidelines was conducted to examine participants’oral hea-lth status.A pre-designed questionnaire was also used to evaluate sociodemo-graphic,medical history,and oral hygiene habits of the studied population.RESULTS Out of 148 participants(n=57,38%)had colonized candida.None of the studied population had visible Candida lesions.However,Candida was found in the oral rinses without the subject presenting any lesions or issues caused by Candida(asymptomatic colonization).The most common prevalent OC among participants were Candida albicans,Candida glabrata,Candida dubliniensis,Candida krusei,Candida tropicalis,and Candida parapsilosis(n=35,61%;n=8,14%;n=6,10%;n=5,9%;n=2,4%;and n=1,2%)respectively.Diabetes,smoking,poor plaque,and gingival status were key potential risk factors that significantly associated with candida’s density and presence(P=0.001,P=0.001,P=0.01,and P=0.01)respectively.Disability status had no statistically significant effect on presence and density of Candida.CONCLUSION The prevalence of OC is almost third of the studied population;thus,may provoke a need to develop preventive strategies to reduce the OC rate and establish solid treatment plans.
文摘Background: Superficial candidiasis is a very frequent opportunistic disease caused by yeasts of the genus Candida. Among Candida types, some, such as Candida auris, have developed resistance to several antifungal agents. The objective of this study was to determine the hospital frequency of superficial candidiasis diagnosed at the CHU Fann and to investigate the presence of C. auris among the identified Candida strains. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to June 2019. It involved all patients received at the Parasitology-Mycology laboratory of the CHU of Fann for suspected superficial candidiasis. Nails, skin, and vaginal specimens were subjected to direct examination and culture to identify yeasts of the genus Candida. The Candida strains were then tested by molecular biology targeting the specific C. auris ITS2 region. Results: A total of 1196 patients were examined. One thousand two hundred and five specimens (1205) were collected, including 1042 vaginal specimens, 92 nail specimens, and 71 skin specimens. Superficial candidiasis was diagnosed in 408 patients (37%). Women (34.52%) and patients under 30 years of age (39.60%) were the most affected. Yeasts of the genus Candida were found in 411 specimens (349 vaginal swabs, 36 nail fragments, and 26 skin flakes) by routine mycological techniques. The Candida albicans complex (C. albicans, C. dubliniensis, and C. africana) represented 75.91% of the Candida strains isolated. Molecular biology did not identify C. auris. Conclusion: Superficial candidiasis remains very common in hospitals in Senegal. Candida auris was not found in our study. Due to its rapid spread, surveillance is necessary to prevent epidemics in our hospitals.
文摘BACKGROUND Although esophageal candidiasis(EC)may manifest in immunocompetent individuals,there is a lack of consensus in the current literature about predisposing conditions that increase the risk of infection.AIM To determine the prevalence of EC in patients without human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)and identify risk factors for infection.METHODS We retrospectively reviewed inpatient and outpatient encounters from 5 regional hospitals within the United States(US)from 2015 to 2020.International Classification of Diseases,Ninth and Tenth Revisions were used to identify patients with endoscopic biopsies of the esophagus and EC.Patients with HIV were excluded.Adults with EC were compared to age,gender,and encounter-matched controls without EC.Patient demographics,symptoms,diagnoses,medications,and laboratory data were obtained from chart extraction.Differences in medians for continuous variables were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test and categorical variables using chi-square analyses.Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors for EC,after adjusting for potential confounding factors.RESULTS Of the 1969 patients who had endoscopic biopsies of the esophagus performed from 2015 to 2020,295 patients had the diagnosis of EC.177 of 1969 patients(8.99%)had pathology confirming the diagnosis of EC and were included in the study for data collection and further analysis.In comparison to controls,patients with EC had significantly higher rates of gastroesophageal reflux disease(40.10%vs 27.50%;P=0.006),prior organ transplant(10.70%vs 2%;P<0.001),immunosuppressive medication(18.10%vs 8.10%;P=0.002),proton pump inhibitor(48%vs 30%;P<0.001),corticosteroid(35%vs 17%;P<0.001),Tylenol(25.40%vs 16.20%;P=0.019),and aspirin use(39%vs 27.50%;P=0.013).On multivariable logistic regression analysis,patients with a prior organ transplant had increased odds of EC(OR=5.81;P=0.009),as did patients taking a proton pump inhibitor(OR=1.66;P=0.03)or corticosteroids(OR=2.05;P=0.007).Patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease or medication use,including immunosuppressive medications,Tylenol,and aspirin,did not have a significantly increased odds of EC.CONCLUSION Prevalence of EC in non-HIV patients was approximately 9%in the US from 2015-2020.Prior organ transplant,proton pump inhibitors,and corticosteroids were identified as independent risk factors for EC.
文摘目的建立基于微滴式数字PCR(droplet digital PCR,ddPCR)技术快速检测重症患者侵袭性念珠菌感染的方法。方法基于微滴式数字PCR平台建立检测体系,设计四种念珠菌(白色念珠菌、光滑念珠菌、近平滑念珠菌和热带滑念珠菌)特异性引物探针;(1)对无模板对照(no tmplate contral,NTC)样品进行检测,确定空白限(limit of blank,LOB)范围和阳性判断值;(2)通过对阳性样本进行稀释,每个浓度梯度各进行10次重复提取检测,确定检测限(limit of detection,LOD)范围;(3)重复检测稀释后的样本,确定定量限(limit of quantitation,LOQ)范围;(4)对阳性样品进行梯度稀释,确定线性范围;(5)通过2个高低浓度的阳性样本提取检测,进行12次重复性测试,计算结果浓度对数值的变异系数(CV);(6)通过具有真菌培养结果的临床样本进行检测,评估方法可靠度。结果ddPCR检测念珠菌LOB在0~81 copies/mL之间,阳性判断值为≥3个阳性微滴;LOD为3×10^(2) copies/mL;LOQ为3×10^(2) copies/mL;不同浓度梯度检测线性范围是3×10^(2)~3×10^(7)copies/mL,相关系数为:白色念珠菌R^(2)=0.9995、光滑念珠菌R^(2)=0.9989、近平滑念珠菌R^(2)=0.9994、热带滑念珠菌R^(2)=0.999;结果浓度对数值的CV<5%,满足精密度要求;通过检测建立方法初步验证临床标本,结果与临床培养结果一致。结论ddPCR对重症患者侵袭性念珠菌感染的检测灵敏度高、重复性好,特异性高。
文摘目的探讨苯扎氯铵阴道冲洗联合克霉唑阴道栓对外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病的疗效及生活质量的影响。方法选取2020年1月—2023年3月福建医科大学附属第二医院外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病患者125例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组(62例)与观察组(63例)。对照组给予克霉唑阴道栓阴道栓塞治疗,观察组患者在克霉唑阴道栓的基础上,给予0.01%苯扎氯铵阴道冲洗。比较2组的疗效、欧洲五维健康量表(EuroQol Five Dimensions Questionnaire,EQ-5D)评分、治疗满意度及不良反应发生率。结果观察组有效率为80.95%(51/63),对照组为62.90%(39/62),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.763,P=0.034)。观察组疼痛/不舒服、焦虑/抑郁、总体状态等方面的生活质量评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而行动能力、自己照顾自己、日常活动评分与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组总满意度为87.30%(55/63),对照组为77.42%(48/62),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.822,P=0.033)。结论苯扎氯铵阴道冲洗联合克霉唑阴道栓可以提高外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病的疗效,改善生活质量,提高护理满意度,安全性高。
基金Shijiazhuang City Science and Technology Research and Development Self Raised Plan,No.221460383。
文摘BACKGROUND Studies have revealed that Children's psychological,behavioral,and emotional problems are easily influenced by the family environment.In recent years,the family structure in China has undergone significant changes,with more families having two or three children.AIM To explore the relationship between emotional behavior and parental job stress in only preschool and non-only preschool children.METHODS Children aged 3-6 in kindergartens in four main urban areas of Shijiazhuang were selected by stratified sampling for a questionnaire and divided into only and nononly child groups.Their emotional behaviors and parental pressure were compared.Only and non-only children were paired in a 1:1 ratio by class and age(difference less than or equal to 6 months),and the matched data were compared.The relationship between children's emotional behavior and parents'job stress before and after matching was analyzed.RESULTS Before matching,the mother's occupation,children's personality characteristics,and children's rearing patterns differed between the groups(P<0.05).After matching 550 pairs,differences in the children's parenting styles remained.There were significant differences in children's gender and parents'attitudes toward children between the two groups.The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire(SDQ)scores of children in the only child group and the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form(PSI-SF)scores of parents were significantly lower than those in the non-only child group(P<0.05).Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that after matching,there was a positive correlation between children's parenting style and parents'attitudes toward their children(r=0.096,P<0.01),and the PSI-SF score was positively correlated with children's gender,parents'attitudes toward their children,and SDQ scores(r=0.077,0.193,0.172,0.222).CONCLUSION Preschool children's emotional behavior and parental pressure were significantly higher in multi-child families.Parental pressure in differently structured families was associated with many factors,and preschool children's emotional behavior was positively correlated with parental pressure.
