Brain lateralization for language in high-functioning children with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) and sensory processing were explored as a part of a neuropsychological profile. A dichotic listening test and the Lu...Brain lateralization for language in high-functioning children with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) and sensory processing were explored as a part of a neuropsychological profile. A dichotic listening test and the Luria laterality subtest were administered to all participants (including controls) and the sensory profile test only to the ASC group. The usual right ear advantage was not exhibited by children with ASC and anomalies in auditory filtering were found. The sensory profile of 60% of the sample was characterized by hypersensitivity to auditory stimuli, hyposensitivity to vestibular information, high emotional reactions to sensory experiences, poor psychosocial coping strategies, high distractibility and inability to interpret body and facial language. Hyper-responsiveness to environmental auditory stimuli was significantly associated with impaired attention. Similarly, non-adaptive responses to sensory quotidian experiences were strongly connected to poor coping strategies. Our results, although preliminary, contribute to emphasizing the importance of including additional assessment methods such as the dichotic listening and the sensory profile questionnaire in the evaluation of cognitive profile in high-functioning children with ASC to plan an individualized psycho-educative intervention.展开更多
With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Dr.Li Jing and Prof.Zhu Liqi at the Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,reported the relationshi...With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Dr.Li Jing and Prof.Zhu Liqi at the Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,reported the relationship between moral judgment and cooperation in children with high-functioning autism,which was published in Scientific Reports(2014,4:4314.doi:10.1038/srep04314).展开更多
目的根据《国际功能、残疾和健康分类(儿童青少年版)》(ICF-CY)的理论与方法,建立孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童身体活动的范畴和结构,系统评价长期身体活动对ASD儿童执行功能的影响。方法检索万方数据库、中国知网、PubMed、Web of Science...目的根据《国际功能、残疾和健康分类(儿童青少年版)》(ICF-CY)的理论与方法,建立孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童身体活动的范畴和结构,系统评价长期身体活动对ASD儿童执行功能的影响。方法检索万方数据库、中国知网、PubMed、Web of Science和ProQuest等数据库,收集2014年至2023年公开发表的身体活动与ASD儿童执行功能相关的文献,根据文献的纳入和排除标准纳入文献,采用PRISMA指南对纳入文献进行系统综述,采用物理治疗证据数据库(PEDro)量表对文献质量进行评价。结果最终纳入10篇文献,包括9项随机对照试验和1项非随机对照试验,共351例ASD儿童,年龄3~18岁;来自意大利、加拿大、韩国、中国、美国5个国家;发表时间集中在2016年之后。ASD儿童的身体活动主要包括运动项目类活动(如棒球、篮球、乒乓球、马术辅助活动)、技能类活动(如自行车、认知运动训练、运动式游戏)、体能类活动(SPARK),以及格斗类项目(格斗和空手道)。干预频率每次30~70 min,以每次45 min居多;每周1~5次,以每周2次居多;持续2~24周,以12周居多。长期身体活动可以改善ASD儿童的抑制控制和认知灵活性,对工作记忆的改善效果存在不一致现象。结论长期身体活动对ASD儿童执行功能的改善具有选择性影响,可以改善ASD儿童的抑制控制和认知灵活性,对工作记忆的改善还存在一定分歧。展开更多
Functional brain networks (FBNs) provide a potential way for understanding the brain organizational patterns and diagnosing neurological diseases. Due to its importance, many FBN construction methods have been propose...Functional brain networks (FBNs) provide a potential way for understanding the brain organizational patterns and diagnosing neurological diseases. Due to its importance, many FBN construction methods have been proposed currently, including the low-order Pearson’s correlation (PC) and sparse representation (SR), as well as the high-order functional connection (HoFC). However, most existing methods usually ignore the information of topological structures of FBN, such as low-rank structure which can reduce the noise and improve modularity to enhance the stability of networks. In this paper, we propose a novel method for improving the estimated FBNs utilizing matrix factorization (MF). More specifically, we firstly construct FBNs based on three traditional methods, including PC, SR, and HoFC. Then, we reduce the rank of these FBNs via MF model for estimating FBN with low-rank structure. Finally, to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, experiments have been conducted to identify the subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from norm controls (NCs) using the estimated FBNs. The results on Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset and Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) dataset demonstrate that the classification performances achieved by our proposed method are better than the selected baseline methods.展开更多
Deficits in understanding others'minds,evident in most individuals with autism spectrum disorders,have been suggested as a core deficit of autism.However,nonverbal ability has gone untested because most theory of ...Deficits in understanding others'minds,evident in most individuals with autism spectrum disorders,have been suggested as a core deficit of autism.However,nonverbal ability has gone untested because most theory of mind measurement has involved verbal materials such as reading tasks.This raises the possibility that children with high function autism spectrum disorder would distinguish verbal and nonverbal component deficits.Thirty-two participants diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder by a trained psychiatrist and 34 matched controls were recruited for this study.The assessment included verbal and non-verbal materials tasks.The result showed that nonverbal ability of theory of mind is impaired in the individuals with autism spectrum disorders.展开更多
文摘Brain lateralization for language in high-functioning children with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) and sensory processing were explored as a part of a neuropsychological profile. A dichotic listening test and the Luria laterality subtest were administered to all participants (including controls) and the sensory profile test only to the ASC group. The usual right ear advantage was not exhibited by children with ASC and anomalies in auditory filtering were found. The sensory profile of 60% of the sample was characterized by hypersensitivity to auditory stimuli, hyposensitivity to vestibular information, high emotional reactions to sensory experiences, poor psychosocial coping strategies, high distractibility and inability to interpret body and facial language. Hyper-responsiveness to environmental auditory stimuli was significantly associated with impaired attention. Similarly, non-adaptive responses to sensory quotidian experiences were strongly connected to poor coping strategies. Our results, although preliminary, contribute to emphasizing the importance of including additional assessment methods such as the dichotic listening and the sensory profile questionnaire in the evaluation of cognitive profile in high-functioning children with ASC to plan an individualized psycho-educative intervention.
文摘With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Dr.Li Jing and Prof.Zhu Liqi at the Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,reported the relationship between moral judgment and cooperation in children with high-functioning autism,which was published in Scientific Reports(2014,4:4314.doi:10.1038/srep04314).
文摘目的根据《国际功能、残疾和健康分类(儿童青少年版)》(ICF-CY)的理论与方法,建立孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童身体活动的范畴和结构,系统评价长期身体活动对ASD儿童执行功能的影响。方法检索万方数据库、中国知网、PubMed、Web of Science和ProQuest等数据库,收集2014年至2023年公开发表的身体活动与ASD儿童执行功能相关的文献,根据文献的纳入和排除标准纳入文献,采用PRISMA指南对纳入文献进行系统综述,采用物理治疗证据数据库(PEDro)量表对文献质量进行评价。结果最终纳入10篇文献,包括9项随机对照试验和1项非随机对照试验,共351例ASD儿童,年龄3~18岁;来自意大利、加拿大、韩国、中国、美国5个国家;发表时间集中在2016年之后。ASD儿童的身体活动主要包括运动项目类活动(如棒球、篮球、乒乓球、马术辅助活动)、技能类活动(如自行车、认知运动训练、运动式游戏)、体能类活动(SPARK),以及格斗类项目(格斗和空手道)。干预频率每次30~70 min,以每次45 min居多;每周1~5次,以每周2次居多;持续2~24周,以12周居多。长期身体活动可以改善ASD儿童的抑制控制和认知灵活性,对工作记忆的改善效果存在不一致现象。结论长期身体活动对ASD儿童执行功能的改善具有选择性影响,可以改善ASD儿童的抑制控制和认知灵活性,对工作记忆的改善还存在一定分歧。
文摘Functional brain networks (FBNs) provide a potential way for understanding the brain organizational patterns and diagnosing neurological diseases. Due to its importance, many FBN construction methods have been proposed currently, including the low-order Pearson’s correlation (PC) and sparse representation (SR), as well as the high-order functional connection (HoFC). However, most existing methods usually ignore the information of topological structures of FBN, such as low-rank structure which can reduce the noise and improve modularity to enhance the stability of networks. In this paper, we propose a novel method for improving the estimated FBNs utilizing matrix factorization (MF). More specifically, we firstly construct FBNs based on three traditional methods, including PC, SR, and HoFC. Then, we reduce the rank of these FBNs via MF model for estimating FBN with low-rank structure. Finally, to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, experiments have been conducted to identify the subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from norm controls (NCs) using the estimated FBNs. The results on Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset and Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) dataset demonstrate that the classification performances achieved by our proposed method are better than the selected baseline methods.
基金supported by the"National Science Council",Taipei,Taiwan, China(Grants No.NSC 98-2410-H-030-014)the"Mackay Memorial Hospita",Taipei,Taiwan,China(Grant No.MMH-I-S-188)
文摘Deficits in understanding others'minds,evident in most individuals with autism spectrum disorders,have been suggested as a core deficit of autism.However,nonverbal ability has gone untested because most theory of mind measurement has involved verbal materials such as reading tasks.This raises the possibility that children with high function autism spectrum disorder would distinguish verbal and nonverbal component deficits.Thirty-two participants diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder by a trained psychiatrist and 34 matched controls were recruited for this study.The assessment included verbal and non-verbal materials tasks.The result showed that nonverbal ability of theory of mind is impaired in the individuals with autism spectrum disorders.
