Research on the Influence of Family Education on Children’s Behavioral Habits

Under the background of the all-round deepening of quality education,the cultivation of comprehensive quality has become the main theme of contemporary education reform.Good behavior and habits are of great significance to children’s future learning,growth,and development.Through literature review and other methods,this paper analyzes the current situation of children’s family education and the influence of family education on the cultivation of children’s behavioral habits and provides some strategies for cultivating children’s good behavioral habits in family education.

Design of a Landscape Device for Children from the Perspective of Embodied Cognition in the New Era

In recent years,embodied cognition has ushered in a new research upsurge in the academic field,and has become a hot topic in the field of cognitive psychology.In this paper,from the perspective of embodied cognition,the interaction ways of a landscape device for children were discussed to achieve a more real and harmonious interaction between children and scenes.The research data of embodied cognition used by children was analyzed,and the drawbacks and breakthrough points of current landscape devices for children were discussed.The core characteristics of children’s growth period were extracted to establish children’s interaction model and summarize the interactive design methods of landscape devices for children.Embodied cognition has become the most intuitive way for children to know and understand the environment,and plays a pivotal role in children’s growth.Based on embodied cognition principle and interactive behavior mode,the interactive design of a landscape device for children was studied,and three interactive design modes,including simple and convenient interaction mode,multi-sensory interaction mode and game natural interaction mode were summarized.On the basis of this research,relevant design practice and research were carried out to bring a new vision to the design of children’s landscape.

Behavioral problems and related factors in children of different aged patients with schizophrenia: A cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND： With the age growing, changes of behavioral problems in children whose parents had schizophrenia, differences of related factors and ways for particular intervention should be further studied. OBJECTIVE： To survey the behavioral problems in children of different aged patients with chizophrenia and investigate the correlation between behavioral problems and related factors in different aged groups. DESIGN： Cross-sectional study. SETTING： Shandong Mental Health Center. PARTICIPANTS： A total of 364 patients with schizophrenia were selected from eleven psychiatric hospitals from June 1999 to June 2000. There were 179 males and 185 females, and their ages ranged from 28 to 45 years. All patients met modified diagnostic criteria of schizophrenia （the second edition）, China Classification of Mental Diseases and Diagnostic Criteria. Meanwhile, children of the 364 patients were grouped based on their ages, including 6 - 1 l years old group [n -217; 114 males and 103 females; mean age of （9±2） years] and 12 - 16 years old group [n = 147; 99 males and 48 females; mean age of （14±1） years]. The Chinese norms of Achenbach＇s Child Behavior Check List were regarded as the normal control group. METHODS： Children who received self-made mental health related factors inventory and Achenbach＇s Child Behavior Check List were involved in this study. All children and their parents provided the confirmed consent. Achenbach＇s Child Behavior Check List was used for parents to mainly evaluate children, and the results manifested various behavioral problems based on different sexes and different ages. Self-made mental health related factors inventory contained questionnaires for parents and children, respectively. In this study, home situation of parents as well as personality characteristics and educational styles of children were mainly evaluated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： ① Scores of Achenbach＇s Child Behavior Check List in different aged children; ② Scores of self-made mental health related factors inventory based on different home situations and educational styles. RESULTS： Children of 364 patients were involved in the final analysis. ① There were no significant differences in total score of Achenbach＇s Child Behavior Check List and sex in the two groups （P 〉 0.05）. There were significant differences in schizoid, body recount, aggression, depression, hyperactivity, violating discipline, compulsion and total abnormal rate of boys between the 6 - 11 years old group and the normal control group （P 〈 0.05 - 0.01）. In addition, there were also significant differences in poor communication, depression, hyperactivity, violating discipline, compulsion and total abnormal rate of girls between the 6 - 11 years old group and the normal control group （P 〈 0.05 - 0.01）. ② As compared with normal control group,scores of home environment in the two aged groups demonstrated that educational level was low; interpersonal relationship was poor; relation to children was not closed; relationship between husband and wife was not harmonious; positive rate of family history was high; economic status was poor; family atmosphere was poor. Therefore, there was significant difference （P 〈 0.01）. Educational level in parental generation and single parent family in the 6 - 11 years old group were higher than that in the 12 - 16 years old group, with significant difference （P 〈 0.05）. As compared with the normal control group, results of education demonstrated that children in the two aged groups had poor communication with other children; they had poor behaviors in schools; most of them were boarded and had poor relationship with their parents; teaching styles for children were different. CONCLUSION： All children of different aged patients with schizophrenia had poor home environment and education; and they were often affected by other factors. Behavioral problems were changed with the age growing; in addition, these changes were related to home environment, education and society. Therefore, comprehensive intervention may be an ideal method.

Nature or Nurture—On the Development of Children's Language

Referring to children's development,especially the development of children's language,there is a question that people are very interested in,that is,does the development of children's language on earth depend on innate inheritance or postnatal environment? In order to answer this question,this paper begins with the definition of the development of children's language,then,expounds some theories on language acquisition,finally,finds out the crucial factors influencing the development of children's language.

伴中央颞区棘波自限性癫痫患儿睡眠状况及影响因素分析

目的分析伴中央颞区棘波的自限性癫痫(SeLECTS)患儿的主观睡眠状况及影响因素。方法选择2022年1月至2023年1月新乡医学院第一附属医院收治的67例SeLECTS患儿为病例组,选择同期来本院健康体检的151例健康儿童为对照组。应用儿童睡眠习惯问卷(CSHQ)评估2组儿童的睡眠质量,比较2组儿童睡眠质量不良发生率。根据CSHQ总分将病例组患儿分为睡眠质量良好组和睡眠质量不良组,比较2组儿童的性别、年龄、是否为首次发作、是否经过药物治疗、发作频率、非快速动眼(NREM)期放电指数,应用多因素logistic回归分析SeLECTS患儿睡眠质量不良的影响因素。结果病例组患儿CSHQ总分显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。病例组患儿就寝习惯不良、睡眠焦虑、异态睡眠评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05);病例组与对照组儿童睡眠持续时间不规律、睡眠呼吸障碍、白天嗜睡、夜醒、入睡潜伏期延长评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对照组和病例组儿童睡眠质量不良比例分别为53.0%(80/151)、80.6%(54/67);病例组睡眠质量不良比例显著高于对照组(χ^(2)=14.944,P<0.05)。睡眠质量良好组与睡眠质量不良组患儿的年龄和放电指数比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);睡眠质量良好组与睡眠质量不良组患儿的性别、是否服用抗癫痫药物、是否为首次发作、发作频率方面比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,NREM期放电指数增加是SeLECTS患儿出现睡眠质量不良的风险因素(比值比=25.297,95%置信区间4.583~139.634,P<0.05)。结论SeLECTS患儿较同年龄段儿童更容易存在睡眠问题,主要表现在睡眠焦虑、就寝习惯不良、异态睡眠3个层面。NREM期放电指数的增加是SeLECTS患儿出现睡眠质量不良的风险因素,NREM期放电指数越高的患儿越容易出睡眠质量不良。

Conners父母症状量表在ADHD患儿中的应用

目的了解儿童注意缺陷多动障碍患者合并其他行为问题的情况。方法采用Conners儿童行为问卷（父母用），对符合美国精神病协会《精神障碍诊断和统计手册》第4版（DSM—Ⅳ）注意缺陷多动障碍诊断标准的1006例患者进行了合并行为问题的研究，分析不同性别、不同亚型患儿Conners量表测试结果，以分析注意缺陷多动障碍合并其他行为障碍的特点。结果多动／冲动为主型、注意缺陷为主型和混合型行为问题各占18．3％、55．9％和25．9％，其分布经比较有显著性差异（X2=9．054，P〈0．05）；1006例患者主要分布在7～11岁之间，占总人次的78．1％，其中以9岁组为最多；合并学习问题者占57．6％、品行问题占50．1％，焦虑占36．2％，心身障碍占17．3％；女性患儿各因子异常率和总分异常率均高于男性，除心身障碍因子外，其余因子异常率性别间经比较差异有统计学意义（X2=11．148，P〈0．01）；多动／冲动为主型行为问题发生率由高到低为品行问题、学习问题、焦虑和心身障碍；注意缺陷为主型和混合型行为问题发生率顺序均为学习问题、品行问题、焦虑和心身障碍；以上4种障碍发生率均以混合型行为问题最高，不同亚型各因子异常率经比较均存在显著性的差异。结论注意缺陷多动障碍患儿合并行为问题较多，性别和亚型间存在差异；症状愈严重，合并障碍比例愈高。

日常生活中色彩应用对儿童影响的研究

本研究旨在探讨生活中色彩应用对幼儿行为习惯养成的影响。通过实验和观察方法,本文分析了不同颜色对幼儿情绪、认知和行为的影响,并提出了相应的教育策略。研究表明,合理应用色彩可以有效促进幼儿良好习惯的形成,有助于其全面发展。

对农村特殊家庭幼儿行为习惯养成教育的思考

对于家庭经济困难、父母离异、父母外出务工等农村特殊家庭的幼儿来说,其在个人行为习惯的养成上相对滞后,容易出现行为习惯上的素质缺陷,难以较好融入幼儿同伴群体。因此,需要充分认识到农村特殊家庭幼儿行为习惯养成教育的重要性,结合农村特殊家庭幼儿行为习惯养成教育中存在的问题及影响因素,制定科学的幼儿行为习惯养成教育策略,进而为农村特殊家庭幼儿良好行为习惯的养成创设良好的环境,促进其健康快乐成长。

Families Should Cultivate Children's Good Habits

"HABITS—character—fate," this is the summary of Mr. Li, head of the senior high group of the No. 35 High School in Beijing, who has been teaching for dozens of years. He believes the habits that a person cultivates will finally decide his fate. In other words, the most important factor in determining a person’s fate is not his disposition, but his habits. Habits can help change one’s disposition. An ancient admonition says, "The

渭城区学龄前儿童口腔卫生行为调查

目的 研究学龄前儿童口腔健康状况及其影响因素。方法 采用问卷调查的方法,在2019年7月至2020年11月随机向咸阳市渭城区363名学龄前儿童的家长发放调查问卷,调查不同性别与户籍的学龄前儿童的口腔健康行为与刷牙行为情况,利用SPSS软件对调查数据进行整理分析。结果 城镇学龄前儿童的口腔健康行为表现优于农村学龄前儿童,睡前从未食用甜点或者含糖饮料的城镇学龄前儿童占比34.07%,明显高于农村学龄前儿童的16.13%(χ^(2)=16.865,P <0.05);54.44%的城镇学龄前儿童从不饮用碳酸饮料,而46.24%的农村学龄前儿童经常饮用碳酸饮料(χ^(2)=63.942,P <0.05)。从刷牙行为来看,城镇学龄前儿童中刷牙的比例(77.04%)大于农村学龄前儿童(62.37%)(χ^(2)=7.604,P <0.05),且有68.97%的农村学龄前儿童的家长为孩子选择含氟的牙膏,约是城镇学龄前儿童的家长(35.10%)的两倍(χ^(2)=21.292,P <0.05)。结论家长、学校和社区要合力,强化口腔健康知识的宣传教育,引导学龄前儿童形成良好的刷牙习惯和饮食习惯,注重口腔健康保健。

家庭教育指导背景下家庭教育生态现状与建议

信息时代改变了人们的生存和生活方式,电子媒介引起了成人与儿童的极大兴趣,家庭教育生态遭遇前所未有的挑战。在家庭教育这一生态系统中,家长的责任观念、家长行为、儿童行为及社区人文生态都发生了较大的变化,开展家庭教育指导服务迫在眉睫。学前儿童要健康、幸福地成长,家长必须重视家庭教育及家庭教育生态,了解并重视儿童的成长规律,爱得理性,坚定而温柔,主动学习,突出家长榜样示范作用,父母应投入相应的时间和精力,努力构建和谐、平衡的家庭教育生态环境。

学龄期儿童行为劝导式产品设计研究

英国心理学家威廉詹姆士曾经说“播下一种行动,收获一种习惯;播下一种习惯,收获一种性格;播下一种性格,收获一种命运”,说明了一个人的行为习惯对其一生影响之大。据现有研究表明,目前对儿童产品的研究大多集中在儿童智力的开发方面,对儿童行为习惯的培养的研究较少,而6-12岁左右的儿童正处于学校教育的初级阶段,是建立三观和行为习惯的重要时期,因此根据这个时期儿童生理、心理的发展特点和发展规律,结合学龄期儿童行为环境特点,找寻劝导式设计应用在学龄期儿童行为的切入点,将劝导理论与儿童的行为习惯的培养结合,开发出一条劝导式设计在学龄期儿童行为培养的产品设计道路。

Health-related behaviors in children of ethnic minorities and Han nationality in China

Objective:The purpose of this study was to understand the health-related behaviors in children of ethnic minorities and Han nationality so as to provide a basis for formulating a health promotion plan,reasonably allocating health resources,and improving health conditions of the entire population of children.Methods:The selection and processing of study subjects,as well as health-related behaviors,were based on the 2009 Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS)data.A total of 867 children were involved in this study,including 762 Han children and 105 minority children.Comparative analysis was conducted on the reported ratio of health-related behaviors,including society and family variation,as well as dietary habit variation,and health condition scores.Results:A comparison on health-related behaviors between ethnic minority and Han children indicated the following:with respect to society and family variation,statistical significance(P<0.05)existed between the two groups in health-related behaviors influenced by parents who did or did not stay at home,level of education,and medical insurance status;and with respect to dietary habit variation,statistical significance(P<0.05)existed in the differences of dietary habits between the two groups.Moreover,differences in the weight-forage Z score(WAZ),weight-forheight Z score(WHZ),and body mass index-for-age Z score(BAZ)between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Health-related behavioral norms and health conditions of ethnic minority children should be further improved.Increased health awareness of families with children and health care system development should be stressed to elevate the health level of the entire population of children in China.

注重依托动画故事 培养幼儿行为习惯

幼儿教育阶段是一个人良好行为习惯和学习习惯养成的关键时期,教师应通过多种方式促进幼儿良好习惯的养成。动画故事对幼儿来说有极强的吸引力,教师可以动画故事为切入点,引导幼儿形成科学的认知观念,养成良好的行为习惯,提高生活技能和学习能力。文章对动画故事在幼儿教育中的重要性进行探讨,并结合影响幼儿行为习惯的因素,分析依托动画故事培养幼儿良好行为习惯的教学策略。

学龄前儿童饮食行为现状调查

目的了解学龄前儿童饮食行为现状及其与抚养人相关饮食行为的关系。方法对武汉市某区220名学龄前儿童的抚养人进行问卷调查,调查内容包括学龄前儿童饮食行为问题及抚养人相关饮食行为。结果学龄前儿童饮食行为问题检出率56.82%,抚养人相关饮食行为问题检出率较高的是喂养相关知识缺乏、允许儿童进餐时的其他行为、准备食物不够丰富多样。儿童饮食行为问题与抚养人自身存在饮食行为问题及强迫儿童多食显著相关(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论学龄前儿童存在饮食行为问题与抚养人相关饮食行为密切相关。建立儿科保健医护指导下以家庭为中心的饮食保健体系,促进抚养人科学喂养及发挥家庭环境因素的正向影响作用,对培养儿童良好的饮食行为习惯,促进儿童健康成长具有重要意义。

Tourette综合征伴发行为问题的初步研究

目的 探讨Tourette综合征 (TS)伴发的行为问题及与抽动严重程度的关系。方法 采用CBCL和YGTSS对 6 9例TS患儿和 6 9例对照组儿童进行评估 ,比较CBCL得分 ,并就TS的抽动严重程度与行为问题的关系进行相关和多元回归分析。结果 TS组社会能力各分量表分及总分低于对照组 (P <0 0 1) ,TS组存在广泛的行为问题 (P <0 0 1) ;抽动症状严重组的违纪、思维、外向性行为问题和行为问题总分明显高于轻度组 (P <0 0 5 ) ;抽动严重程度与患儿的学校情况和社会能力成负相关 (P <0 0 5 ) ;与社交、思维、注意、违纪、攻击性、外向性和行为问题总分成正相关 (P <0 0 1)。结论 TS患儿伴发有广泛的行为问题 。

2～6岁儿童生活习惯、饮食行为问卷调查

目的:了解2～6岁儿童生活习惯、饮食行为的变化。方法:用简易问卷方式对家长进行调查。结果:儿童的睡眠时间普遍减少,看电视时间越来越长,随着年龄的增加,户内活动增加,户外活动减少。饮食方面,1/3的儿童进食过快,1/2以上的儿童有挑食、偏食等现象,并过多进食饮料。结论:生活习惯随年龄变动,及时教导家长可以达到干预的目的。

论强化在培养幼儿良好行为习惯中的作用与运用

习惯是人的第二天性,幼儿阶段是习惯养成的关键期。强化是塑造幼儿行为的重要手段,也是培养幼儿良好习惯的常用方法。强化对于培养幼儿良好行为习惯有多方面的积极作用:为幼儿提供行为习惯的反馈信息;巩固良好行为,消除不良行为;形成自我强化,保持良好行为习惯。运用强化塑造幼儿良好行为习惯时,要注意一些策略:注重强化的时机;明确欲强化的行为,采取鲜明的态度;注重强化的一致性;体现强化的差异性;灵活运用强化。

儿童青少年身体姿态异常现状与特点

梳理国内外文献,利用较大规模儿童青少年身体姿态与生活方式调查数据,对6~14岁城乡儿童青少年身体姿态异常状况及相关行为习惯进行了量化分析。研究发现:1)儿童青少年高低肩、胸椎后凸、头部前伸及长短腿等身体姿态异常现象普遍存在,部分儿童青少年存在多种身体姿态异常表现。2)儿童青少年身体姿态异常存在性别、年龄和城乡差异,呈现出累积性和复合性。整体上,随着年龄升高,儿童青少年的各类身体姿态异常发生率趋高。3)虽然卡方检验显示,不同体质儿童青少年身体姿态异常间不存在统计意义上的显著差异,但除胸椎后凸外,超重或肥胖儿童青少年身体姿态异常的发生率更高。4)儿童青少年的身体姿态异常与其行为习惯具有一定关联性。学习或看电脑时能否保持合理距离对儿童青少年是否发生高低肩现象有显著影响;不喜欢体育活动的儿童青少年发生胸椎后凸的风险更高;头部前伸则与经常躺着或趴着看电子屏幕有关。5)影响儿童青少年身体姿态异常的因素极其复杂,一些行为习惯未表现出对儿童青少年身体姿态异常统计意义上的直接影响,可能源于这种影响的延迟性和累积性。在对儿童青少年体质健康问题进行理论思考的基础上,提出了具体对策建议。

上海地区童装购买决策行为研究

通过问卷调查 ,分析研究了上海童装消费者的信息来源、儿童对童装购买的影响力及童装购买决策评价因素 ,同时分析了收入、文化程度及儿童年龄等对相关因素的影响。