Mothers’challenges and experiences of children with cerebral palsy:a qualitative meta-synthesis

Objective:To examine what challenges and experiences a mother faces in caring for children with cerebral palsy(CP).As the main caregiver of children with CP,mothers are under multiple pressures.Even though mothers’challenges and experiences of children with CP will affect their quality of life and the rehabilitation of the children,little is known about their challenges and experiences during the whole care.Methods:A qualitative meta-synthesis was conducted to extract and analyze qualitative research from the PubMed,CINAHL,PsycINFO,Web of Science,Ovid and MEDLINE databases.Thirteen articles were selected and analyzed using thematic syntheses.Results:From 2522 screened abstracts,84 texts were reviewed,and 13 studies met the inclusion criteria.Mothers’challenges and experiences of children with CP include 4 themes,both positive and negative.Conclusions:The mothers of children with CP suffer from physical burden,as well as psychological pressure,in the care experience;social and healthcare support are their main challenges.Interventions to help them face the difficulties and adapt to the role of caregivers as soon as possible should target multiple aspects in order to maximize effectiveness,to promote the healthy growth of children with CP.

Appendicitis combined with Meckel’s diverticulum obstruction, perforation, and inflammation in children: Three case reports

BACKGROUND Meckel’s diverticulum is a common congenital malformation of the small intestine,with the three most common complications being obstruction,per-foration,and inflammation.To date,only a few cases have been reported world-wide.In children,the clinical symptoms are similar to appendicitis.As most of the imaging features are nonspecific,the preoperative diagnosis is not precise.In addition,the clinical characteristics are highly similar to pediatric acute appendicitis,thus special attention is necessary to distinguish Meckel’s diver-ticulum from pediatric appendicitis.Patients with poor disease control should undergo laparoscopic exploration to avoid serious complications,including intestinal necrosis,intestinal perforation and gastrointestinal bleeding.CASE SUMMARY This report presents three cases of appendicitis in children combined with intestinal obstruction,which was caused by fibrous bands(ligaments)arising from the top part of Meckel's diverticulum,diverticular perforation,and diver-ticular inflammation.All three patients,aged 11-12 years,had acute appendicitis as their initial clinical presentation.All were treated by laparoscopic surgery with a favorable outcome.A complete dataset including clinical presentation,dia-gnostic imaging,surgical information,and histopathologic findings was also provided.CONCLUSION Preoperative diagnosis of Meckel’s diverticulum and its complications is challenging because its clinical signs and complications are similar to those of appendicitis in children.Laparoscopy combined with laparotomy is useful for diagnosis and treatment.

Relationship between Authoritative Parenting Style and Preschool Children’s Emotion Regulation:A Moderated Mediation Model

An authoritative parenting style has been shown to promote children’s emotion regulation in European-American family studies.However,little is known about how sleep problems and the child’s sibling status in Chinese families affect this relationship.Based on family system theory,this study attempts to better understand the relationship between authoritative parenting style and emotion regulation.Mothers of preschool children in Chinese kindergartens completed questionnaires about their children’s sleep habits,their authoritative parenting styles,and children’s emotion regulation.A total of 531 children participated in this study.Results showed that authoritative parenting was positively associated with emotional regulation.Sleep problems mediated the effects of authoritative parenting style on emotion regulation.The child’s sibling status moderated the mediating effects of sleep problems in authoritative parenting and emotion regulation relationships.Specifically,the relationship between the authoritative parenting style and sleep problems was significant for only children,while birth order had no significant influence on the authoritative parenting style and sleep problems in two-child families.These findings suggest that a lowauthoritative parenting style predicts low emotion regulation through sleep problems,and this depends on the child’s sibling status,indicating that children without siblings may impair emotion regulation due to increased sleep problems.

On Translation of Children’s Literature Based on Reception Aesthetics:A Case Study of The Secret Garden

Grounded in reader-centered theories,Reception Aesthetics prioritizes the active engagement and acceptance of target readers.This study examines the translation of children’s literature through the lens of Reception Aesthetics,using Li Wenjun’s rendition of The Secret Garden as a case study.The objective is to scrutinize various aspects of the translation-including vocabulary,syntax,rhetorical devices,and cultural nuances-and to discern how the adaptation and application of diverse translation strategies cater to the aesthetic expectations.

On the Unipolar Generator: An Experimental and Theoretical Study

When studying the phenomenon of the induced electromotive force, which originates from Faraday’s unipolar inductor, the contrast between Faraday’s view of the magnetic field dynamic lines and the theory of relativity is revealed. In order to remove this contradiction, this phenomenon was studied in depth, theoretically and experimentally, using an experimental setup similar to Faraday’s. Calculations of the induced electromotive force, based on relativity on the one hand and on Faraday’s view on the other were made with the help of measurements of the magnetic field components. Accurate magnetic field measurements are confirmed by analytical calculations. Precise-induced electromotive force measurements confirmed Faraday’s view and contradicted the theory of relativity.

Reflections on Conducting Kindergarten Language Education Activities Based on Children’s Literature

In early childhood education,language education is a crucial component,yet in kindergarten teaching,there often exists issues such as“emphasis on knowledge and neglect of practice.”To address this problem,teachers need to incorporate children’s literature in a reasonable manner to create a conducive environment for language education for young children.This article analyzes and discusses the significance of integrating children’s literature into kindergarten language education activities,and proposes strategies for addressing the current issues in kindergarten language education activities and conducting them based on children’s literature.

Research on the Influence of Family Education on Children’s Behavioral Habits

Under the background of the all-round deepening of quality education,the cultivation of comprehensive quality has become the main theme of contemporary education reform.Good behavior and habits are of great significance to children’s future learning,growth,and development.Through literature review and other methods,this paper analyzes the current situation of children’s family education and the influence of family education on the cultivation of children’s behavioral habits and provides some strategies for cultivating children’s good behavioral habits in family education.

The Market Development of Children’s Go Training and the Difficulty and Countermeasure Analysis of Go Training

The children’s Go training market is experiencing vigorous growth but also faces several challenges.As the importance of Go in cultural education increases,the market expands,with growing demand and involvement from training and educational institutions.However,the market encounters difficulties such as a shortage of high-quality Go coaches,uniformity in training content and methods,and high training costs.To address these issues,measures can be taken to strengthen the team of Go coaches,diversify training content and methods,and optimize the training cost structure,thereby promoting the healthy development of the children’s Go training market.

A Study of Health Prescribing for Children with Tourette’s Disorders in Children’s Health Education Specialty Care Clinics

Objective:This study designs and implements the health prescription of children’s health education specialized nursing clinic based on the physical and mental characteristics of children with Tourette’s syndrome.Methods:Applying the evidence-based nursing model and nursing intervention theory based on the survey research by searching China Knowledge Network,Wanfang Database and Wipro Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database,the study collected the literature on the health prescription intervention research in children’s Tourette’s disorders health education in children’s health education of specialized nursing outpatient clinic for review and combined with the specialty characteristics to formulate“Children’s Tourette’s Disorder Health Education Prescription.”Results:Tourette’s syndrome in children is a common pediatric neurological disorder,mainly manifested as involuntary,rapid and repeated muscle twitching and vocal tics,which brings serious psychological pressure and life disturbance to the affected children.Conclusion:For children with Tourette’s syndrome,healthcare professionals should give enough care and understanding to the children and their parents,provide timely and effective health education to them,help them improve their bad behavioral habits,establish correct cognitive attitudes,enhance self-confidence,improve patient compliance,reduce the frequency of recurrence,reduce the incidence of complications and promote children’s physical and mental health development.

Research on Children’s Game Activity Design Strategies Based on Embodied Cognition Theory

Edutainment,in the kindergarten education stage,emphasizes the game as the basic activity and combines the content of education with the form of the game,thus it also forms the educational method of gamification teaching.Through investigation and analysis,it is found that the current kindergarten game activity design has the problem of improper combination of educational content and game form.The current kindergarten game activity design has problems such as stereotypes,children’s lack of active learning opportunities in activities,teachers’insufficient theoretical understanding,inappropriate teacher guidance methods,and so on.Embodied cognition theory attaches importance to the important role of the body in the development of cognition,provides new guidance for classroom teaching,and opens up a new path for classroom teaching reform.Based on the perspective of embodied cognition theory,the concept of body and mind integration should be adhered to in kindergarten teaching with games as the basic activity,experiential teaching situation should be created,children’s subjective experience should be respected,and games and interactions should be designed to promote children’s physical and mental participation,thus laying a foundation for the realization of children’s individual freedom,autonomy,and all-round development.Therefore,this paper aims at the existing problems in the current kindergarten gamification teaching and discusses the design strategy of children’s game activities based on embodied cognition theory.

Parents' experience of caring for children with type 1 diabetes in China's Mainland: A qualitative study

BACKGROUND Parents of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)are under heavy caregiving stress,and parental caregivers'experience can affect the health outcomes of children with T1DM.AIM To describe the true inner feelings of parents caring for children with T1DM.METHODS Descriptive research methods were used to classify and summarize parents'experience when adapting to the role of caregivers for children with T1DM.The data was sorted and analyzed using content analysis.Themes of parents'experience caring for children with T1DM were refined,and their feelings were deeply investigated.RESULTS A total of 4 themes and 12 subthemes were identified:(1)Desire for information(disease-related information,home care information,and channels of information acquisition);(2)Skill guidance needs(insulin injection techniques,skills required for symptom management,and skills for parent-child communication);(3)Seeking emotional support(family support,peer support from other parents of children with T1DM,and professional support);and(4)Lack of social support(needs for financial support and needs for social security).Exploring the true experience of parents caring for children with T1DM is of great significance for helping them adapt to their role as caregivers.Nurses should provide professional guidance in terms of information,skills,emotion,and social support to parental caregivers.

Experiences of Children’s Care Received at Windhoek Residential Child Care Facilities, Namibia

The caring is a very important aspect for every child’s well-being and development. A child should be cared for by biological parents or extended family members when possible. In the absence of these two possibilities, other options are in place such as Residential Child Care Facilities (RCCFs). However, RCCFs are generally regarded as last resorts, as it is noted that they have a negative impact on the well-being of the children. Caregivers in RCCFs should ensure that these children are being adequately cared for as they substitute their biological or extended families. It is also a child’s rights to be provided love, care and support coupled with a sense of belonging, recognition and independence. However, children without or inadequate parental care are likely to be vulnerable from all forms of violence. The aim of this qualitative, exploratory, descriptive, contextual and phenomenological study was to explore and describe the children’s experiences regarding the care received at the Residential Child Care Facilities and to provide recommendations regarding research findings. Data were collected through one on one in-depth interviews and Tech method was used to analyze data. The results of the study show that children in RCCFs have experienced both positive and negative care. The care is experienced through relationships with staff in the facilities, provision of their basic needs, knowledge of their cultural identity and their adult future preparation once they leave the facilities. Thus, it is recommended that a conducive environment that contributes to the quality of care for children in RCCFs be established, taking into consideration human resources capacity, policy guidelines and standards in place while providing care to those children.

Resiliency Process and Political Socialization among Palestinian Children Exposed to Political Traumatic Experience: An Integrative Review

Background: Political conflicts and wars all over the world are global concerns which directly influence the lives of people including children. Over one billion children worldwide inhabit countries or territories torn apart by armed conflict, war, or terrorism. Purpose: The purpose of this review was to identify the best evidence on the Resiliency Process and Political Socialization among Palestinian Children Exposed to Political Traumatic Experience. Methods: An integrative review was used to assess the resiliency process and political socialization among Palestinian Children Exposed to Political Traumatic Experience. Data search was between 2009 and 2019 using ProQuest, Nursing Journal Publications, EBSCO, Jordanian Database for Nursing Research, WHO online library, scholar Google scholar, science direct, and PubMed. A total of 8 articles met the eligibility criteria. Results: The eight reviewed articles adopted descriptive analytic and cross-sectional studies. Themes were: Impact of psychological trauma on children, Political socialization process and Resiliency among children. Conclusion: Reviewed articles regarding children reaction to trauma and resiliency process showed that children varied in their responses. The studies showed that children were vulnerable to psychological harms and consequences of trauma that might include PTSD and others behavioral problems. At the same time, the studies confirmed that despite the harmful consequences they had positive adaptation and abilities to resist.

A Survey of Bath Time Incidents Experienced by Mothers and Families of Children Aged 18 Months

Purpose: The potential dangers of infant bathing have an effect not only on the infant’s body and life but also on the formation of emotional bonds in the parent-child relationship. This study will explore actual dangers experienced by mothers and families. Method: We distributed an anonymous, self-reported questionnaire at infants’ 18-month health checkup, which was collected via postal service. 304 valid responses were received and formed our sample data. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed for each category surveyed. Inferential statistics were used to compare the dangerous incidents experienced with regard to differences between primipara/multipara and the presence/absence of guidance concerning such incidents. This study was approved by the research ethics committees of the affiliated university. Results: 70% of mothers and families experienced incidents while bathing their infants, with the most common incidents consisting of, in order of frequency, near immersion of the face, actual immersion of the face, and falling into the bath. The most common situations reported when incidents occurred were bathing the infant by oneself, the infant moving unexpectedly, or taking care of other children, in that order. Approximately 70% of mothers and families had not received instruction on the potential dangers or how to prevent them. Conclusion: This study has elucidated the dangerous situations experienced in the course of bathing infants in the home and the measures taken to prevent such situations. Instructive tools are needed which can be used to easily provide mothers and families with correct information.

Lived Experience of Thalassaemic Children in Bangladesh

Background: Worldwide thalassemia poses a serious public health problem due to the high prevalence. Globally, 15 million people are suffering from clinically thalassemic disorders. Objective: To describe the lived experience of thalassaemic children in Bangladesh. Methods: This study was conducted following a descriptive qualitative research approach. Twenty thalassemic children were recruited purposively in the present study. Semi-structured individual’s interview guidelines were used to collect in depth information. In addition, digital recorder was used to capture the children’s voice. Data were analyzed using the process of content analysis. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB), NIANER. Results: The mean age of the thalassemic children was (16.05) SD = 1.877. Most of the children were Muslim (95.0%) and they study at school (70.0%). Most of their mothers were (90.0%) housewife. This study revealed four major themes and eleven subthemes based on the experience of thalassemic children: 1) understanding of children meaning of thalassaemia: perception of children, unable to perform daily activities, and educational impact, 2) feeling frustrating experience and disease management: feelings about long term treatment, coping and altered body image, 3) family relationship: differences from siblings, parental attention and feeling burden, and 4) social interactions: sharing with peer, inability to social interaction. Conclusion: This study indicated that thalassaemia has affected negatively on several areas of health of these children including physical, emotional, social financial and educational areas. Reducing these problems requires comprehensive constant support and surveying health and medical status of these children to promote care and decrease the suffering of thalassaemic children. The findings of the present study are grounds for further research in a wider range to describe the different areas of the experience of thalassaemic children.

Psychological Experience of Children and Adolescents with Homozygous Sickle Cell Disease in Brazzaville

Introduction: Sickle cell disease, the most frequent hemoglobinopathy, is one of many causes of psychological repercussions. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of psychological disorders in children/adolescents living with sickle cell disease and to identify the associated factors. Patients and Method: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from June to September 2019 at the national sickle cell center and at the mother-child consultation of the University Hospital of Brazzaville. Children/adolescents aged six to 19 years old followed for sickle cell disease were included. Psychological disorders were assessed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders “DSM-5” which assesses depression and anxiety disorders, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire which assesses representations of chronic diseases. SPSS 20.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: Out of 201 children/adolescents included, a drop in self-esteem was noted: 76.1%, anxiety 29.9%, depression 5.5% and a negative impact on daily life in all cases. These were significant negative consequences 39.3%. Advanced age, duration of illness, delay in school and puberty, use of upper-level analgesics, number of complications and hospitalizations, and occurrence of complications were associated with psychological disorders. Conclusion: The frequency of psychological disorders during the experience of the child/adolescent living with sickle cell anemia, requires that education, behaviour change communication be strengthened in order to improve the quality of care.

TCM Treatment of Asthma in Children with Yin Hua Wu Mei Tang——Professor Liu Bichen's Experience in Treating Asthma

Asthma is characterized by paroxysmaldyspnea,rales in the throat,difficulty in breathing,and inability to lie horizontally.It is commonly seenin children with a weak body constitution,and tendsto be intractable,thus being harmful to the

An Analysis of Mystical Experience in Sophy' s Hysterical Hallucination in Darkness Visible

In William Golding' s Darkness Visible,Sophy' s experience of " hysterical hallucination" plays an important role in the the matic expression.They point directly to the evil nature of man.Although the specific content of hallucinations is different,they possess a common characteristic-mystical experience.They worth further research.This paper examines Sophy' s mystical experience in her hyster ical hallucination,so as to find out the functions of mystical experience and its influences on the novel' s thematic expression.

深水采油树Spring-Seal密封圈接触模型构建与实验测试

为提高深水采油树在高压、高温、低温等工况下长时间工作的稳定性,对采油树密封圈进行重新设计,提出Spring-Seal密封圈(以下简称S密封圈);基于赫兹接触理论、填料密封接触理论,重新构建S密封圈接触力学模型;建立有限元仿真分析模型,分析不同条件下S密封圈的密封性能,同时验证新建接触模型的合理性;利用实验测试S密封圈的实际密封效果。研究结果表明:S密封圈在高压、高温、低温等工况下能够长时间稳定工作且密封性能良好。研究结果可为S密封圈的接触研究及工程运用提供理论参考。

Portal hypertensive biliopathy: A single center experience and literature review

Portal hypertensive biliopathy (PHB) is characterized by anatomical and functional abnormalities of the intrahepatic, extrahepatic and pancreatic ducts, in patients with portal hypertension associated to extrahepatic portal vein obstruction and less frequently to cirrhosis. These morphological changes, consisting in dilatation and stenosis of the biliary tree, are due to extensive venous collaterals occurring in an attempt to decompress the portal venous blockage. It is usually asymptomatic until it progresses to more advanced stages with cholestasis, jaundice, biliary sludge, gallstones, cholangitis and finally biliary cirrhosis. Imaging mo-dalities of the biliary tree such as Doppler ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography are essential to establish the diagnosis and the need of therapeutical interventions. Once the diagnosis is established, treatment with ursodesoxycholic acid seems to be beneficial. Decompression of the biliary tree to dilate, remove stones or implant biliary prosthesis by endoscopic or surgical procedures (hepato-yeyunostomy) usually resolves the cholestatic picture and prevents septic complications. The ideal treatment is the decompression of the portal system, with transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunt or a surgical porto-systemic shunt. Unfortunately, few patients will be candidates for these procedures due to the extension of the thrombotic process. The purpose of this paper is to report the first 3 cases of PHB seen in a Colombian center and to review the literature.