Group Psychological Intervention for Children with Hyperactivity Disorder

ADHD is a broad psychiatric disorder that affects children of normal or near-normal intelligence.It is character-ized by inattention,hyperactivity,and age-inappropriate impulsivity,and it is often accompanied by learning dif-ficulties,behavioral,emotional,and interpersonal problems.On the other hand,hyperactive tendencies in children with ADHD exhibit ADHD-like behaviors such as lack of self-control,inattention,hyperactivity,and emotional impulsivity.However,because their symptoms are less severe,they do not meet the diagnostic criteria for ADHD but are ADHD or at risk of developing ADHD.The purpose of this study is to alleviate and reduce children’s hyperactivity symptoms by investigating the current situation of the children studied,and systemati-cally intervening and educating children with ADHD through psychological group intervention.Research data shows that ADHD is most commonly diagnosed in school-age children,and in 70%–80%of children with ADHD,symptoms persist into adolescence and 30%into adulthood.Through the use of group psychological intervention in the experiment,the prevalence rate of children with hyperactivity disorder tendency has been effectively reduced.This shows that group psychological intervention training has a significant effect on improving hyper-activity symptoms in children with ADHD tendency.

Children’s Health, Parent-Child Activities, Using Digital Devices, and Social Competence: Serial Mediation

Background: Studies have pointed out the influence of different children’s activities and prolonged use of digital products on their social development. However, whether the parent-child activities and using digital devices were serial mediators of the relationship between children’s health and social development needs further verification. Purpose: This study explored how parent-child activities and children’s use of digital devices influence the relationship between children’s health and their social competence. Method: This study used data from Kids in Taiwan: National Longitudinal Study of Child Development and Care. A total sample of 2164 participants was used in this study. Serial mediation analyses were performed using model six of Hayes’ PROCESS (2012). Results: This study found that parent-child activities and the use of digital devices can serially mediate the relationship between children’s health and social competence. Children’s health could directly improve their social competence, but it could also serially mediate social competence by increasing parent-child activities and reducing the use of digital devices. Conclusion: Childcare policy planners and parenting educators should not only call on parents to reduce the use of electronic products for their children, but also encourage parents to spend more time interacting with their children, so that children can learn social skills by interacting with others in their daily lives.

Factors Affecting Children’s Cholesterol Levels with a View to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease—The Unique Benefits of Health Screening at the Elementary School

Background: The prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) can substantially contribute to reducing the mortality rate across countries. The level of interest in cholesterol among experts increases when the subjects are elderly and obese individuals. However, specialists do not recommend that children should receive the cholesterol test. The objective of this study was to investigate the distribution of cholesterol levels among the children of public school and their parents’ lifestyles that are associated with cholesterol levels, and to assess the need for and utility of cholesterol testing in school settings. Methods: The study investigated a group of 226 fourth-grade public school children aged between 9 and 10 years and guardians in Akitakatacity of Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. Multiple regression analyses were performed with the logarithmic value of cholesterol levels as a response variable, awareness about lifestyles and health of children as an explanatory variable, and child’s sex and body mass index (BMI) as moderating variables. Using questionnaires about lifestyles, the step-down procedure was applied in multiple regression analyses to narrow down relevant lifestyle variables. Results: The percentage of children with the high total cholesterol (TC) value was about 15 and with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol value was about 10. Children with low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol value were 5%. Treatment was not required according to the comprehensive assessment. Cholesterol levels were associated with the situation of the children and their guardians as follows, guardian need to consider the food, and child has the correct knowledge about food like how to eat snacks. Conclusions: Children had poor cholesterol levels. From childhood, along with the parents, there is a need to learn about appropriate level of cholesterol for CVD prevention.

The Research on the Paths of Popular Science Education about Myopia Prevention and Control among College Students in the Context of Shifting the Focus Forward

Currently, the number of myopic people in China has reached as high as 600 million, and it shows a trend of “early onset, high incidence, and a high degree of severity”. The issue of myopia among children and adolescents has attracted widespread attention from all sectors of society. Comprehensive myopia prevention and control efforts have been launched nationwide. Popular science education, vision screening, and improving visual environments are effective measures for preventing myopia. However, among the target audience for comprehensive myopia prevention and control, the preschool children group has been neglected, and the work of myopia prevention and control for this group has been significantly weakened and marginalized. Due to insufficient awareness of prevention and control, the hyperopia reserve in the preschool children group is being continuously depleted, leading to the early onset of myopia. In light of this situation, the focus of myopia prevention and control needs to shift forward, and it is worth exploring and pondering how college students with a background in optometry can develop entertaining and engaging popular science education materials and methods.

Recreation of Agricultural Landscape for Children with Nature-deficit Disorder

Promoting human health is a basic value of landscape architecture. It is theoretically feasible to rebuild the link between children with nature-deficit disorder and nature via artificially-made natural environment. This paper explored the relationship between children's health and nature from the perspective of landscape architecture theories and practices. First, impact of nature-deficit disorder on children's health; second, basic appeals of children with nature-deficit disorder were sorted out; finally, specialized gardens for children with nature-deficit disorder under the instruction of the above theories were designed.

基于B/S模式的孕妇儿童体检系统的设计与实现

为了改善孕妇、儿童体检流程的繁重手工管理,提高保健质量和体检效率,同时实现系统在妇幼保健等医疗单位更好地共享。参照《国家基本公共卫生服务规范(2011年)》提出基于B/S模式的孕妇儿童体检系统。介绍系统的总体结构,开发环境、数据库及功能模块设计,并以医生平台为例详细说明儿童体检模块的具体实现过程。系统基本上实现了妇幼保健机构孕妇儿童体检信息及工作考核等的无纸化、规范化和高效化管理,具有较好的实用价值。

全球儿童心理健康教育的问题、特点及启示

儿童心理卫生问题已经成为世界范围内的难题。为解决这一难题,许多国家积极开展探索和实践,并取得了成效。各国政府为儿童青少年心理健康搭建服务网络,从多个维度构建儿童心理健康支持体系。总体上,各国都将学校心理健康教育作为解决儿童青少年心理问题的主要载体,重视心理健康素养的培养,普遍实施团体指导的组织方式,采取覆盖全校园的心理健康促进模式预防与解决儿童青少年心理问题。学习世界各国的有益经验,我国可通过推进团体辅导式心理健康授课模式、开发心理健康课程、推进家校社协同,加强儿童心理健康教育。

重庆市儿童医疗服务体系现状的SWOT分析与对策研究

目的:通过对重庆市儿童医疗服务体系现状的了解,分析存在的问题及导致这些问题的原因,提出合理的对策建议。方法:数据收集和现状了解主要采取访谈法、文献研究法,对目前存在的问题及原因则采用SWOT分析法,分析目前面临的优势、劣势、机会和威胁。结果:随着全面二孩政策的放开,对儿童医疗服务需求加大,但儿童医疗资源紧缺且分配不均,儿童医疗服务水平有待提高。结论:主管部门应根据国家医改政策和重庆市儿童医疗服务体系的现状制定适合重庆市儿童医疗服务改革的方针和措施,合理调配资源配置,酌情设立儿科建设专项基金,加强县级综合医院儿科建设发展,应用医保杠杆推行分级诊疗,提高全市儿童医疗服务的整体水平,缓解看病难的问题。

以妇女儿童为主体 发挥妇联网络优势开展HIV/AIDS预防教育与关怀活动

以妇女儿童为主体,发挥妇联网络优势,与联合国儿基会合作通过层层培训及大众传媒,深入开展了艾滋病预防知识宣传培训的社会动员工作,包括培养骨干,将宣传材料翻译成11种少数民族文字,利用各种途径传播相关知识,开展针对辍学女童等不同人群为目标人群的HIV/AIDS预防教育培训。通过以上措施,提高了广大妇女儿童有关预防和控制HIV/AIDS知识。

Health Promotion Model: An Integrative Literature Review

Background: The Health Promotion Model (HPM) indicates that each person is a biopsychosocial creature that is partially shaped by the environment, but also seeks to create an environment in which inherent and acquired human potential can be fully expressed. The HPM is proposed as a holistic predictive model of health-promoting behavior for use in research and practice. Purpose: The purpose of this review is to examine how the HPM has been applied in various research studies. Methods: An integrative review was used to find studies that were guided by the HPM. Data search was between 2008 to 2018 using Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, EBSCO, Cochrane, ERIC, Joanna Briggs Institute and EBSCO host. The keywords used were Pender’s and Health Promotion Model. Results: Seventeen studies were reviewed;most of them were quantitative studies. These studies discussed variables from the HPM. Most of the study variables were measured using instruments derived from the HPM. The results of the reviewed studies revealed that the HPM had predictive value in estimating health-promoting behaviors. Conclusion: The HPM was widely established in the nursing community and was implemented in nursing practice, education, and research. In addition, the HPM constructs were used to hypothesize conceptual frameworks in many studies to predict health-promoting behaviors in many chronic diseases.

上海妇幼保健系统党员和业务骨干“双培养”工作现状与对策建议

目的调查当前上海市妇幼保健机构党员和业务骨干“双培养”工作现状,对本系统人才队伍建设提出对策建议,为打造一支政治过硬、业务精湛、作风优良的妇幼健康人才队伍打好基础。方法通过召开1场人才工作专题会,发放17张机构调查表和321份调查问卷,到3个区妇幼保健院(所)实地调研,收集17家机构工作总结等方式,了解2020—2022年上海市、区两级17家妇幼保健机构党员和业务骨干“双培养”工作情况。结果上海妇幼保健系统党员和业务骨干“双培养”工作在机制建设、思想引领和培养方式上已经取得一定成效,但在受访者中,仍有39.75%对该项工作不了解;57%的非党员业务骨干不愿意或不确定是否入党;82名非业务骨干党员认为自身与业务骨干在工作格局(27.27%)、管理能力(24.43%)、业务能力(14.2%)和人际沟通能力(11.93%)等方面存在差距。结论本市妇幼保健系统要进一步加强党员和业务骨干“双培养”工作的推进力度:一要立足“党管”、立足“精准”、立足“长远”;二要加强对业务骨干思想引领和文化引领;三要实现党员工作格局、职业素养和综合实力三方面超越,从而不断提升人才素质,夯实妇幼事业的人才基础。

儿童学堂健康教育模式的实施效果评价

目的探讨儿童学堂健康教育模式在儿科病房护理中的应用效果。方法成立儿童学堂,将“互联网+”课堂、AI机器人互动课、面对面宣教课堂作为必修课,游戏心理课、阅读课、兴趣班、特色课等作为选修课,对患儿及家属进行健康教育。在儿童学堂实施前后,分别抽取150例患儿及家属进行满意度及健康教育知识评分比较,同时调查参与活动的医护人员对学堂的评价。结果实施后患儿及家属满意度及健康教育知识评分显著高于实施前(均P<0.05);参与的医护人员对8个方面的评价均较高。结论儿童学堂健康教育在儿科病房的应用可以提高患儿及家属满意度、健康教育知晓率,提高护理人员健康教育等方面的能力。

Children’s Health and the Environment——Developing Action Plans

Investing in children＇ s health is essential to ensure human and economic development. Healthy children have the best chances for healthy, productive lives. At the Fourth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health in 2004, the countries in the WHO European Region committed themselves to building a healthy future for the Region＇ s children by adopting the Children＇ s Environment and Health Action Plan for Europe.

Women and Children's Health in Tibet

AS a doctor in the management of maternity and children’s hygiene in the Tibet Autonomous Region for nearly 20 years, I would like to present a brief introduction of the situation of Tibetan women and children’s health, as well as the related services. Prior the Liberation in Tibet, this region coveting over 1.2 million square kilometers, had few health care facilities for women and children. Such activities were carried out by three Tibetan medical institutions, a small number of folk doctors of Tibetan medicine, and a few private clinics. Under the feudal serf system in Tibet, women who gave birth were discriminated against because it was considered an obscene act. Women could not give birth in their tent homes, but were instead forced to seek shelter in cow stalls or sheepfolds no matter how severe the weather. Women and children at the time had no rights to health care. Countless women and children died of birthing complications

Women and Children's Health Care in the Yimeng Mountain Area

The Yimeng Mountain area in the central and southern part of Shandong Province, is very poor.

740例农民工随迁子女心理健康状况分析

目的探讨重庆市农民工随迁子女的心理健康状况及其相关因素。方法抽取该市指定招收进城务工农民子女的3所中学中7、8、9年级学生共740名,其中包括399名农民工随迁子女和341名主城区户籍学生。运用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、和自制的一般情况调查表进行调查。结果农民工随迁子女SCL-90各因子分与主城区户籍学生差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论重庆市农民工随迁子女心理健康状况较好,但仍存在一些问题,需进一步研究探索系统的心理干预方式,维护其身心健康。

当前幼儿体质健康促进困境与社会支持现状分析

幼儿体质健康是"健康中国"国家战略实施的基础,也是个体一生发展的基础,促进幼儿体质健康发展需要家庭、幼儿园、社区、社会组织、政府与市场等多方力量的支持。当前我国幼儿体质健康促进工作面临来自环境、家庭、幼儿园的多种困境,表明相关社会支持缺乏,主要体现在家庭支持形式简单、园所支持功能缺位、社区及相关社会组织支持有限、政府支持政策运行不畅与投入不足等方面,制约了我国幼儿体质健康水平的提高。今后应从高度认识幼儿体质健康的价值出发,建构促进幼儿体质健康发展所需的家庭、幼儿园、社会、政府"四位一体"的社会支持体系。

上海市7岁以下儿童医疗保障现况与意愿参保研究

儿童医疗保障是社会保障体系的重要组成部分。该研究分析了上海市 7岁以下儿童享有各种医疗保障的现况以及对假定的医疗保险方案的意愿参保情况 。

儿童孤独量表在1～2年级小学生中的应用

目的：验证儿童孤独量表（Children’s Loneliness Scale，CLS）在1～2年级小学生中的适用性，并调查1～2年级小学生的孤独水平。方法：方便选取北京某小学251名学生（1～2年级89名，3～6年级162名），用CLS对其施测，并将自尊量表（Theself-Esteem Scale，SES）作为效标工具，对1～2年级的数据进行了信效度检验，将3～6年级样本的结果作为对照，并进行了描述性统计。结果：（1）CLS在1～2年级样本中的内部一致性系数Cronbach α为0．87，验证性因素分析显示模型的关键拟合指标均〉0．80，与SES具有较强的关联性（β=-0．64，P〈0．001）。（2）1—2年级小学生的CLS得分为（1．66±0．59），其中有孤独倾向者（CLS〉2．5分）占11．2％。结论：儿童孤独量表在指导下可用于评估1—2年级小学生的孤独感。

面向弱势群体的产品情感化设计关键方法研究

论述了弱势群体的现状与情感化设计对弱势群体的重要意义,分析了情感化设计的关键技术与方法,并通过实际案例,阐述了课题组基于感性工学方法进行儿童校车设计的研究过程,最终将弱势群体的感性需求转化到实践产品设计中。