How can technology and efficiency alleviate the dilemma of economic growth and carbon emissions in China's industrial economy? A metafrontier decoupling decomposition analysis

This paper attempts to explore the decoupling relationship and its drivers between industrial economic increase and energy-related CO_(2) emissions(ICE). Firstly, the decoupling relationship was evaluated by Tapio index. Then, based on the DEA meta-frontier theory framework which taking into account the regional and industrial heterogeneity and index decomposition method, the driving factors of decoupling process were explored mainly from the view of technology and efficiency. The results show that during2000-2019, weak decoupling was the primary state. Investment scale expansion was the largest reason hindering decoupling process of industrial increase from ICE. Both energy saving and production technology achieved significant progress, which facilitated the decoupling process. Simultaneously, the energy technology gap and production technology gap among regions have been narrowed, and played a role in promoting decoupling process. On the contrary, both scale economy efficiency and pure technical efficiency have inhibiting effects on decoupling process. The former indicates that the scale economy of China's industry was not conducive to improve energy efficiency and production efficiency, while the latter indicates that resource misallocation problem may exist in both energy market and product market.

China's Software Industry Aiming at a Higher Standard

The current status of the China's software industry is introduced, including the great potential opportunities and many problems across the path to success. The main measures are discussed to keep abreast of the time needs and fuse with the whole family of global IT industry.

Wal-Mart's Corporate Culture and the Suggestions for China's Retailing Industry in Culture-Building

With sales at a quarter of a trillion and over 1.3 million employees,Wal-Mart has been the biggest retailing success ever before.A lot of Wal-Mart’s success was attributed to the strong and pervasive culture at the company.China’s retailing industry should really learn something about corporate culture-building from this excellent enterprise,so that one day it would become a strong competitor both home and abroad in retailing industry.

2019 Annual Report of China's Paper Industry

According to the 2019 annual report of China's Paper Industry by China Paper Association(CPA),in 2019,there were about 2700 paper&board manufacturers in China's Mainland.The total production of paper&board was 107.65 million tons,increased by 3.16%and the total consumption was 107.04 million tons,increased by 2.54%compared with 2018,respectively,paper&board per capita consumption was 75 kg(counted in 1.4 billion people).This report includes a rather elaborate analysis of the China's paper industry and is provided for the readers'reference.

Open Source Software Movement: A Challenging Opportunity for the Development of China's Software Industry

The software industries in developing countries are facing enormous challenges in order to grow amid fierce competition of import from the software makers in developed countries. Open source software (OSS) movement, which is a particular phenomenon in the software industries, seems to be a challenging opportunity for the developing countries that wants to move their own software industries up the value chain. This paper, using China as an example, identifies the issues that need to be addressed for the software industry, as well as the special characteristics of software products that need to be dealt with carefully. It proposes promoting OSS as a strategy the Chinese government should adopt to grow the software industry and the specific actions that should be taken.

Review on the challenges and strategies in oil and gas industry's transition towards carbon neutrality in China

In light of carbon-neutral pledge, the oil and gas industry has been facing several critical new challenges in China. The current status and new challenges in terms of market mechanism reform, supply-consumption balance and key technology innovation in China's oil and gas industry are reviewed in the present study, and new strategies and roadmaps are proposed to cope with the challenges. The study found that (i) the oil and gas market faces challenges such as incomplete pricing mechanisms, unclear subject rights, and the lack of recognition and trading of carbon assets. (ii) the trade-off between short-term supply security and long-term low-carbon supply is the most critical issue. (iii) in addition to typical challenges such as immature technology and lack of funding support, the unclear multiple technology coupling development mode also poses problems for the low-carbon transformation of the oil and gas industry. To address these new challenges, comprehensive strategies and roadmaps for China's oil and gas industry towards carbon neutrality are proposed and discussed in the aspects of participating in market transactions, restructuring production and consumption, deploying key technology innovations, and planning enterprise strategies. The present study is expected to provide a blueprint for the future development of China's oil and gas industry towards carbon neutrality.

The challenging conditions China's steel industry has to face and the possible way out

The challenging conditions to China's steel industry currently are:insufficiency of natural resources, namely iron ore and coking coal,overcapacity of existing facilities,overconsumption of energy and heavy impact on global environment.The healthy development of China's steel industry depends on how we could deal with these challenges.

Top ten events for China's rare earth industry in 2018

In 2018, under the guidance of President Xi Jinping's Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, China's rare earth industry has made steady progress with significant improvement in overall efficiency, a constant improvement in management system and a steady improvement in development quality.

Analysis of economic operation of China's apparel industry

2018 marked the 40th anniversary of China’s adoption of the reform and opening-up policy. To China’s apparel industry, 2018 was a year full of challenges, changes and tests. Faced with the volatile international situ-ations and the tremendous pressure of the domestic structural adjustment, China’s apparel industry had maintained an overall steady development momentum characterized by steady performance on the domestic and foreign sales market, steady improvement of the operation quality and efficiency, improvement of transformation and upgrade effects, regardless of gathering crises and uncertainties.

工厂化循环水养殖模式对大口黑鲈肌肉营养成分和挥发性风味物质的影响

为探究工厂化循环水养殖模式对池塘养殖的大口黑鲈肌肉营养成分和挥发性风味物质的影响,将池塘养殖的大口黑鲈成鱼移入到工厂化循环水养殖系统中进行暂养,分别于暂养第1天、第10天、第20天和第30天进行取样,测定分析大口黑鲈的肌肉营养成分和挥发性风味物质。结果显示:在工厂化循环水系统中暂养不同时间对大口黑鲈肌肉中粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量无显著影响(P>0.05),但对肌肉中氨基酸总量以及二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)的含量有显著影响(P<0.05),均在暂养第30天时含量最高,且显著高于暂养第1天、第10天和第20天时(P<0.05);采用氨基酸评分(AAS)和化学评分(CS)对大口黑鲈肌肉必需氨基酸进行营养评价,AAS模式下不同暂养时间的大口黑鲈第一限制性氨基酸均为缬氨酸,CS模式下第一限制性氨基酸均为甲硫氨酸+胱氨酸。通过构建工厂化循环水系统暂养不同时间的大口黑鲈肌肉中挥发性风味物质的指纹图谱,发现肌肉中2-庚酮、2-戊酮、2-丁酮、环戊酮、1-辛烯-3-醇、1-己醇等愉悦气味物质含量随着工厂化循环水暂养时间的延长而增加。综上可知,将池塘养殖的大口黑鲈成鱼移入到工厂化循环水系统中暂养可提高大口黑鲈肌肉营养品质及风味,是一种有效提高大口黑鲈成鱼品质的技术措施,建议在池塘养殖大口黑鲈成鱼的品质提升上推广应用。

内循环下的国内价值链长度与经济波动

科学剔除中国区域间投入产出表的外循环成分以准确刻画纯国内投入产出关系,基于此测度内循环下的国内价值链(NVC)长度,然后利用中国省市-行业维度面板数据研究其对经济波动的影响,得到的主要结论有:第一,促进内循环下的NVC长度延伸能显著降低中国经济波动水平,其作用机理在于增强产业韧性、激发国内需求及弥补制度环境的不足。第二,当开放度和全球价值链(GVC)分工地位较高时,延长NVC长度对经济波动的平抑作用更为显著,在全面扩大开放的当前时期,中国应借助NVC长度提升与GVC地位攀升的战略协同来稳定经济运行。第三,相比而言,提升制造业以及东部区域各行业NVC长度对减缓经济波动发挥了更为关键的作用。因此,着力延长内循环下的国内价值链长度并合理定位政策举措,是稳定经济的重要手段。

供应链关系对重污染行业制造业企业环境绩效的影响

文章以2015—2021年重污染行业制造业上市公司为研究对象,并从动态的供应链关系视角出发,基于资源依赖、交易成本、信息不对称和竞争优势理论,探索性地研究供应链波动性影响制造业企业环境绩效的内在作用机制。研究结果表明:供应链波动性对制造业企业环境绩效呈负相关关系;关系型专用资产在供应链波动性与企业环境绩效之间发挥中介作用;行业竞争度在供应链波动性削弱企业环境绩效的直接路径中具有负向调节效应,即激烈的行业竞争缓解了供应链波动性对企业环境绩效的负向影响。异质性检验发现,国有制造业企业、大规模以及处于行业竞争弱组的制造业企业更容易受到供应链波动性的负面影响。

广西典型行业VOCs排放源成分谱特征

挥发性有机物(VOCs)作为臭氧生成的重要前体物,摸清其排放源成分谱特征,是破解臭氧污染防治难题的关键所在.当前,广西臭氧污染日益凸显,然而VOCs排放底数仍模糊不清.针对此问题,本研究对广西包装印刷、家具制造、汽车维修、岗石制造、人造板制造等5个典型行业VOCs排放进行采样,分析115种VOCs组分,探究其VOCs排放浓度水平、源成分谱特征及臭氧生成潜势.结果表明,包装印刷行业VOCs的浓度相对最高(12.98 mg·m^(−3)),是其余4个行业的2—86倍,其次分别为家具制造(5.72 mg·m^(−3))、汽车维修(1.34 mg·m^(−3))、岗石制造(0.84 mg·m^(−3))、人造板制造(0.15 mg·m^(−3))行业,其中,包装印刷行业排放以烷烃(55.37%)为主,其次是OVOCs(27.51%);家具制造行业以OVOCs(50.98%)排放为主,其次是芳香烃(31.05%);汽车维修行业以芳香烃(32.25%)为主,其次是OVOCs(23.76%);岗石制造行业组成以烷烃(42.43%)排放为主,其次是芳香烃(23.76%);人造板制造行业以OVOCs(52.05%)排放为主,其次是芳香烃(14.32%).臭氧生成潜势计算结果显示,臭氧生成潜势大小依次为家具制造(22.62 mg·m^(−3))>包装印刷(17.24 mg·m^(−3))>汽车维修(4.29 mg·m^(−3))>岗石制造(1.44 mg·m^(−3))>人造板制造(0.50 mg·m^(−3))行业,5个行业中对臭氧生成潜势贡献最大的关键物种依次分别为己醛(44.21%)、2-甲基己烷(9.76%)、间/对-二甲苯(24.61%)、苯乙烯(29.27%)、乙醛(23.86%).针对家具制造、汽车维修、岗石制造、人造板制造行业的VOCs治理及其引起的臭氧污染防控应重点关注臭氧生成潜势贡献率大的关键VOCs物种.

The tail risk safe haven property of China's energy futures against US market implied volatility

This paper analyses the tail risk contagion of US market implied volatility(USIV)on China's energy futures(CEF)markets,exploring how to utilize operations in the CEF to achieve a safe haven.Leveraging CEF characteristics to simultaneously take both long-/short-positions and engage in long-/short-run investment horizons,this paper defines eight different CEF safe haven attributes to counteract the tail risk of extreme increases in USIV.Using trading data from March 27,2018,to October 30,2023,the empirical results show that,first,in the analysis of the entire sample period,China's coking coal futures can serve as a weak safe haven,aiding long-position investors in mitigating the tail risks associated with US gold and stock market implied volatility.Coking coal futures also assist short-position investors in countering US stock market implied volatility tail risk.Second,in the sub-period analysis,the safe haven attributes of CEF exhibit strong heterogeneity and asymmetry across different periods.Finally,the time span during which CEF exhibits a particular safe haven attribute does not persist for an extended period.

产业链视角下油料产品价格溢出效应的对比分析——基于三元VAR-BEKK-GARCH(1,1)模型

为了更好地理解油料产品价格的波动规律,提升国内油料产品价格研究水平,以大豆、油菜、花生为油料作物的典型代表,以2011年2月—2019年12月油料产业链上各个环节月度价格数据为基础,采用三元VAR-BEKK-GARCH(1,1)模型,研究油料产业链上、中、下游产品的价格溢出效应。结果表明:大豆产业链各环节产品均存在价格均值溢出效应,油菜产业链上、中游之间没有价格均值溢出效应,花生产业链上、下游之间不存在价格均值溢出效应;在大豆、油菜和花生产业链中,各环节产品间价格双向波动溢出效应明显。政府应通过建立农业产业链价格监测体系、多元化的价格监测体系、稳定的市场调节机制等措施,促进相关农业产业链的协调发展。

典型石化企业地面火炬挥发性有机物及温室气体排放特征与环境影响

针对我国石化行业减污降碳形势严峻的现实,以具有百万吨乙烯裂解能力的某石化企业中2座地面火炬为研究对象,通过现场采样监测和模型计算,系统探讨了火炬燃烧过程中挥发性有机物(VOCs)和温室气体的排放特征。结果表明:A、B 2座火炬2021年VOCs排放量分别为310.56和77.38 t/a,烯烃是主要排放组分;温室气体排放以含碳化合物燃烧转化产生的CO_(2)为主,排放量约占火炬CO_(2)排放总量的99.98%;2座火炬的臭氧生成潜势(OFP)分别为3011.72和628.97 t/a,乙烯和丙烯分别是A、B火炬OFP的主要贡献者,贡献率分别为39.52%和44.91%;2座火炬年全球增温潜势(GWP)分别为5806.92和1148.46 t/a(以CO_(2)当量计),其中CO_(2)的贡献最大,其导致的直接温室效应是CH4的25.12~35.46倍,是VOCs排放间接导致温室效应的6.64~7.24倍。

典型石化园区VOCs排放特征及其风险评价

为探究石化行业挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)的排放特征、规律及其影响,以华北地区某石化园区为研究对象,监测其典型装置周边环境空气中的VOCs,并评估其环境风险和人体健康风险。结果表明:该石化园区环境空气中的VOCs以烷烃、烯烃为主,多数采样点的VOCs含量较低,组成相似,无明显特征污染物;部分采样点(如气浮池、乙烯装置周围)的VOCs含量较高,其VOCs组成明显受到装置排放的影响。总体看来,乙烷、丙烷、丁烷等低碳烷烃以及乙烯、丙烯等低碳烯烃是该石化园区的主要污染物。环境风险评估结果显示,烯烃对臭氧生成的贡献率最高,其中丙烯、乙烯、丙烷、甲苯、间对二甲苯等化合物为关键活性物种。芳烃是二次有机气溶胶生成的主要贡献组分,甲苯、间对二甲苯、苯、邻二甲苯是二次有机气溶胶生成贡献率较高的化合物。健康风险评估结果显示,该石化园区环境空气中的VOCs对石化园区工作人员不存在高致癌风险,且非致癌风险较低。

外部输入性冲击与中国行业波动风险——基于四类不确定性的研究

当前,中国进入战略机遇和风险挑战并存、不确定难预料因素增多的时期,外部不确定性冲击成为国民经济发展面临的重要挑战。基于经济、金融、政策、地缘政治多维冲击框架,运用单因子和双因子混频波动率GARCH-MIDAS模型,考察了经济不确定性、金融不确定性、经济政策不确定性、地缘政治风险四类外部不确定性冲击对中国10大一级行业波动风险的差异化影响。研究发现:其一,在四类外部不确定性冲击中,金融不确定性是加剧中国10大行业波动风险的最主要影响因素;其二,经济不确定性对中国信息技术行业的波动风险存在推动效应;其三,地缘政治风险加剧了中国能源行业和公用事业行业的波动风险;其四,经济政策不确定性对中国10大行业的波动风险不具备显著的影响。因此,应着重抵御来自金融领域的外部输入性冲击,并针对不同行业特征建立异质性外部冲击防范与应对体系。

国际油价波动、行业数字化与审计费用

厘清国际油价波动对审计费用的影响对我国从更宽广的视角审视能源安全与经济稳定之间的关系有重要意义。本文基于2013—2022年我国A股上市企业面板数据,采用国际原油价格,并且利用文本分析法对企业数字化水平进行测度,利用灰色关联度分析方法筛选与原油价格高度相关企业,探究国际油价波动对审计费用造成的影响。结果表明:(1)国际油价的上升对审计费用造成了负面影响,在通过一系列稳健性检验后结果依然显著;(2)企业数字化转型能够缓解国际油价波动带来的影响;(3)相较于非国际四大会计师事务所,国际四大会计师事务所的审计费用受国际油价波动的影响更为显著。研究结论为更好地审视能源安全与经济稳定之间的关系、推动企业数字化转型提供了理论依据与实践支撑。

浙江省工业涂装工序大气污染物排放标准修订研究

为推进《工业涂装工序大气污染物排放标准》(DB 33/2146-2018)的修订,研究在梳理中国涉工业涂装领域大气污染物排放标准的基础上,重点对比分析涂料质量管控、重点污染物有组织和无组织排放浓度等情况。发现当前中国涉工业涂装领域的排放标准已基本形成“源头-过程-末端”全过程管控,并全面收严了重点污染物排放要求,其中苯、苯系物、非甲烷总烃(NMHC)有组织排放浓度中位数分别为1 mg/m^(3)、20 mg/m^(3)和45 mg/m^(3)。为此,要加快DB 33/2146-2018的修订,确保管控要求与全国平均水平保持一致。