2019 Annual Report of China's Paper Industry

According to the 2019 annual report of China's Paper Industry by China Paper Association(CPA),in 2019,there were about 2700 paper&board manufacturers in China's Mainland.The total production of paper&board was 107.65 million tons,increased by 3.16%and the total consumption was 107.04 million tons,increased by 2.54%compared with 2018,respectively,paper&board per capita consumption was 75 kg(counted in 1.4 billion people).This report includes a rather elaborate analysis of the China's paper industry and is provided for the readers'reference.

Grim Situation and Way Out for China's Paper Industry

Although 1995 will see anincrease of 10 percent in China’spaper output,the gap betweentotal demand and total supplyis getting wider,along with thesharp growth in the demandfor paper on the domesticmarket.As a result,largequantities of paper have to beimported to offset the shortsupply.So,the price of paperon the domestic market remainshigh.

2017 Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry

On December 26th,2017,the meeting on the selection of the 2017 top ten news of China’s paper industry,sponsored by China Paper Newsletters,was held in China National Pulp and Paper Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing.The yearly selection of the top ten news,which began in 2000,has become a brand activity within the industry and is widely accepted and greatly appreciated throughout due to the care and support from leaders at all levels and industry colleagues as well as the attention of warm hearted reading public.

Research on Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality Technological Pathways in the Chinese Papermaking Industry

Against the backdrop of the dual carbon goals,the papermaking industry in China faces significant pressure to reduce emissions and lower carbon intensity.Based on historical data of energy consumption in the pulp and paper industry in China from 2000 to 2020,this study analyzed the current status of paper production and energy consumption in China.Two methods were employed to predict the growth trend of paper production in China,and three carbon dioxide emission accounting methods were compared.The study used an accounting method based on the industry’s overall energy consumption and predicted the carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions of the Chinese papermaking industry from 2021 to 2060 under three scenarios.The study identified the timing for achieving carbon peak and proposed the measures for carbon neutrality.The results indicated that:(1)the CO_(2)emissions of the Chinese papermaking industry in 2020 were 111.98 million tons.(2)Under low-demand,high-demand,and baseline scenarios,the papermaking industry is expected to achieve carbon peak during the“14th Five-Year Plan”period.(3)In 2060,under the three scenarios,CO_(2)emissions from the papermaking industry will decrease by 11%-31%compared to the baseline year.However,there will still be emissions of 72-93 million tons,requiring reductions in fossil energy consumption at the source,increasing forestry carbon sequestration and utilization of Carbon Capture,Utilization and Storage(CCUS)technology,and taking measures such as carbon trading to achieve carbon neutrality.

How can technology and efficiency alleviate the dilemma of economic growth and carbon emissions in China's industrial economy? A metafrontier decoupling decomposition analysis

This paper attempts to explore the decoupling relationship and its drivers between industrial economic increase and energy-related CO_(2) emissions(ICE). Firstly, the decoupling relationship was evaluated by Tapio index. Then, based on the DEA meta-frontier theory framework which taking into account the regional and industrial heterogeneity and index decomposition method, the driving factors of decoupling process were explored mainly from the view of technology and efficiency. The results show that during2000-2019, weak decoupling was the primary state. Investment scale expansion was the largest reason hindering decoupling process of industrial increase from ICE. Both energy saving and production technology achieved significant progress, which facilitated the decoupling process. Simultaneously, the energy technology gap and production technology gap among regions have been narrowed, and played a role in promoting decoupling process. On the contrary, both scale economy efficiency and pure technical efficiency have inhibiting effects on decoupling process. The former indicates that the scale economy of China's industry was not conducive to improve energy efficiency and production efficiency, while the latter indicates that resource misallocation problem may exist in both energy market and product market.

The heterogeneous impact of China-Europe railway express on the efficiency of logistics industry in node cities

Purpose-The spatiotemporal compression effect of China-Europe Railway Express(CR-Express)can reduce the filow costs of resources between China's node cities.Additionally,it can break through the limitations of low-added-value marine products,significantly impacting the logistics industry efficiency.However,there are few literature verifying and analyzing its heterogeneity.This study explores the impact of CR-Express on the efficiency of logistics industry in node cities and analyzes the heterogeneity.Design/methodology/approach-First,this study uses panel data to measure the efficiency of node city logistics industry.Secondiy,this study discusses the impact of the opening of CR-Express on the efficiency of logistics industry in node cities based on the multi-period differential model.Finally,according to the node city difference,the sample city experimental group is grouped for heterogeneity analysis.Findings-The results show that CR-Express can promote the urban logistics industry efficiency,with an average effect of 4.55%.According to the urban characteristics classification,the heterogeneity analysis shows that the efficiency improvement effect of logistics industry in inland cities is more obvious.The improvement effect of node cities and central cities in central and western China is stronger,especially in the sample of megacities and type I big cities.Compared with non-value chain industrial products,the CR-Express has significant promotion effects on the logistics efficiency of the cities where main goods are value chain products.Originality/value-Under the background of double cycle development,this paper can provide a scientific basis for the investment benefit evaluation of CR-Express construction and the follow-up route planning.

2021 Annual Report of China’s Paper Industry

According to statistics,the total production of pulp,paper&board,and paper products was 280.21 million tons in 2021,increased by 9.89%compared with 2020.In which,the production of paper&board was 121.05 million tons,increased by 7.50%;the production of pulp was 81.77 million tons,increased by 10.83%;the production of paper products was 77.39 million tons,increased by 12.81%.The industry's operating income was RMB 1.50 trillion,increased by 14.74%;the total profit was RMB 88.5 billion,increased by 6.92%compared with 2020.

Remediation of Pulp and Paper Industry Effluent Using Electrocoagulation Process

Electrocoagulation of pulp and paper industry effluent with SS-304 electrode has been carried out under varying process variable such as pH, current density, time and dose of electrolyte to find out the optimum conditions. Maximum reduction efficiency of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 82% and color more than 99% from pulp and paper industry wastewater at the following conditions pH = 7, current density = 24.80 mA/cm2 time = 40 min and dose of electrolytes = 1.0 g/L. Moreover, effects of electrolytes dosage on electricity consumption were observed and found to be that NaCl is better in comparison of Na2SO4 in respect of lower down the electricity consumption. But application of NaCl causes the formation of hazardous compounds as secondary pollutants within treated water. Therefore, Na2SO4 could be a potent replacement of NaCl to enhance the conductivity of paper industry effluent treated by EC process. The treated water has been compared with standard of Central Pollution control board (CPCB) and World Health organization, and found to be suitable for the reuse in irrigation.

China's Software Industry Aiming at a Higher Standard

The current status of the China's software industry is introduced, including the great potential opportunities and many problems across the path to success. The main measures are discussed to keep abreast of the time needs and fuse with the whole family of global IT industry.

Status, Prospects & Perspectives of Indian Paper Industry

Indian paper industry has been showing a positive demand growth unlike Europe and USA,despite couple of issues being confronted by the paper industry such as availability of good quality raw material,scale of operation,cost reduction and environment.In view of the increasing competition among the domestic and the global players,sustainability,green production gaining significance,there is a growing need to upgrade,develop and adopt appropriate advanced technologies tailer made to the requirement of Indian paper industry.In light of above,UNIDO implemented a project supported by DIPP,Govt.of India aimed towards capacity building of the Nodel Research Institute(CPPRI),Indian paper industry’s associations and Indian paper industry.The present article highlights key findings of various activities carried out under the project such as diagnostic assessment of the paper industry,demonstration of identified technologies,dissemination of the findings among the industries and twinning with the international institutions having relevant expertise and training.

The ways to prevent pollution of the pulp and paper industry in China

Water pollution from the pulp and paper industry is one of the most serious environment problems in China. In order to prevent and treat pollution of the pulp and paper industry, the following works have been done in recent years: 1. Making necessary policies, measures and regulations; 2. Making overall planning and rational layout; 3. Relying mainly on internal treatment developing external treatment as supplement; 4. Improving the technology of treating wastewater of the pulp and paper industry.

Wal-Mart's Corporate Culture and the Suggestions for China's Retailing Industry in Culture-Building

With sales at a quarter of a trillion and over 1.3 million employees,Wal-Mart has been the biggest retailing success ever before.A lot of Wal-Mart’s success was attributed to the strong and pervasive culture at the company.China’s retailing industry should really learn something about corporate culture-building from this excellent enterprise,so that one day it would become a strong competitor both home and abroad in retailing industry.

Biological Degradation of Some Organic Compounds Enrolled in Paper Industry—A Pollution Prevention Approach

Evaluation of the elimination and the “ultimate” biodegradation by aerobic microorganisms of some organic compounds commonly used in paper manufacturing technology was investigated. Biodegradation lines of nine organic compounds were determined as percentage removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) over 7 days incubation. The results of the biodegradability test clearly revealed that some of the organic compounds under investigation are highly biodegradable, while others rank from fairly to even non biodegradable. Significant biodegradation results were recorded for anti coating ester (95.0%), basoplast 200D (85.3%) and basoplast PR 8050(87.6%). A bleaching agent (formamidin sulfinic acid), ukanol BSA and solidurit KM demonstrate moderate biodegradation results of 62.1%, 76.2% and 69.8%, respectively. Poor biodegradation results for Hedifix M/35 (12.7%), basazol orange (34.9%) and basazol brown (29.0%) were recorded. Accordingly, appropriate precaution should be taken into consideration when using these compounds for industrial applications.

Open Source Software Movement: A Challenging Opportunity for the Development of China's Software Industry

The software industries in developing countries are facing enormous challenges in order to grow amid fierce competition of import from the software makers in developed countries. Open source software (OSS) movement, which is a particular phenomenon in the software industries, seems to be a challenging opportunity for the developing countries that wants to move their own software industries up the value chain. This paper, using China as an example, identifies the issues that need to be addressed for the software industry, as well as the special characteristics of software products that need to be dealt with carefully. It proposes promoting OSS as a strategy the Chinese government should adopt to grow the software industry and the specific actions that should be taken.

Review on the challenges and strategies in oil and gas industry's transition towards carbon neutrality in China

In light of carbon-neutral pledge, the oil and gas industry has been facing several critical new challenges in China. The current status and new challenges in terms of market mechanism reform, supply-consumption balance and key technology innovation in China's oil and gas industry are reviewed in the present study, and new strategies and roadmaps are proposed to cope with the challenges. The study found that (i) the oil and gas market faces challenges such as incomplete pricing mechanisms, unclear subject rights, and the lack of recognition and trading of carbon assets. (ii) the trade-off between short-term supply security and long-term low-carbon supply is the most critical issue. (iii) in addition to typical challenges such as immature technology and lack of funding support, the unclear multiple technology coupling development mode also poses problems for the low-carbon transformation of the oil and gas industry. To address these new challenges, comprehensive strategies and roadmaps for China's oil and gas industry towards carbon neutrality are proposed and discussed in the aspects of participating in market transactions, restructuring production and consumption, deploying key technology innovations, and planning enterprise strategies. The present study is expected to provide a blueprint for the future development of China's oil and gas industry towards carbon neutrality.

Mutagenicity of Wastewater Extracts from Pulp and Paper Industry

Wastewater samples were collected from pulp and paper mill located in Kashipur (India) and were extracted using dichloromethane (DCM), chloroform and hexane solvents (all were HPLC-grade). The extracts were assayed for their mutagenic potential using Ames Salmonella mutagenicity assay. TA98 strain was found to be the most responsive, in terms of induction factor (Mi) and slope (m) of the initial linear dose-response curve as determined by linear regression analysis up to the increasing doses indicating the presence of frame shift mutagens in the test samples. Mutagenicity of different extracts is arranged as follows: dichloromethane extracted water samples > hexane extracted water samples > chloroform extracted water samples. Hexane extract exhibited maximum mutagenic index of 13.0 and induction factor (Mi) 2.48 with TA98. The order of responsiveness based on the mutagenic index and induction factor for the test samples was in the following order: TA98 > TA97a > TA100 > TA102 > TA104. Our findings suggest that TA97a, TA98, TA100, TA102, TA104 were sensitive towards the wastewater extracts and showed considerable mutagenicity.

The challenging conditions China's steel industry has to face and the possible way out

The challenging conditions to China's steel industry currently are:insufficiency of natural resources, namely iron ore and coking coal,overcapacity of existing facilities,overconsumption of energy and heavy impact on global environment.The healthy development of China's steel industry depends on how we could deal with these challenges.

Energy Conservation Opportunities in Pulp &Paper Industry

Industrial sector is the largest user of energy in India and in many parts of the world. The pulp and paper industry accounted for 6% of total global industrial energy consumption, being the fourth largest energy consumer worldwide. For India, energy audit of a paper carton manufacturing unit was earlier reported with the following results. The specific electrical and thermal energy consumption was estimated as 91.85 kWh/ton and 1619 MJ/ton paper respectively. Annual energy saving potential was found to be 5.9% of the total annual energy consumption. With a view to identifying energy conservation and CO2 mitigation opportunities in writing, tissue, and craft paper production, this article presents energy auditing of a paper industry (Orient Paper Mills) in Amlai, Shahdol, Madhya Pradesh, India. The specific energy consumption of the typical paper industry in India was evaluated as 34.3 GJ per ton paper and specific CO2 emissions as 3.4 tons CO2 per ton paper. Some energy conservation opportunities for this industry were identified with significant energy saving (nearly 3.5%) and money saving potential with payback periods not exceeding 2 years in general.

Top ten events for China's rare earth industry in 2018

In 2018, under the guidance of President Xi Jinping's Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, China's rare earth industry has made steady progress with significant improvement in overall efficiency, a constant improvement in management system and a steady improvement in development quality.

Analysis of economic operation of China's apparel industry

2018 marked the 40th anniversary of China’s adoption of the reform and opening-up policy. To China’s apparel industry, 2018 was a year full of challenges, changes and tests. Faced with the volatile international situ-ations and the tremendous pressure of the domestic structural adjustment, China’s apparel industry had maintained an overall steady development momentum characterized by steady performance on the domestic and foreign sales market, steady improvement of the operation quality and efficiency, improvement of transformation and upgrade effects, regardless of gathering crises and uncertainties.