CHINA WELDING （ISSN 1004-5341,CN23-1332/TG） initiated in 1992 and publishing around the world. It is administrated by China Machinery Industry Federation and sponsored by China Welding Association, Chinese Welding S...CHINA WELDING （ISSN 1004-5341,CN23-1332/TG） initiated in 1992 and publishing around the world. It is administrated by China Machinery Industry Federation and sponsored by China Welding Association, Chinese Welding Society of CMES and Harbin Welding Institute. CHINA WELDING is the unique academic magazine on welding technique published in English language in China.展开更多
CHINA WELDING （ISSN 1004-5341,CN23-1332/TG） initiated in 1992 and publishing around the world. It is administrated by China Machinery Industry Federation and sponsored by China Welding Association.
CHIANA WELDING (ISSN 1004-534,CN23-1332/TG) initiated in1992 and publishing around the world. It is administrated by China Machinery Industry Federation and sponsored by China Welding Association, Chinese Welding Soci...CHIANA WELDING (ISSN 1004-534,CN23-1332/TG) initiated in1992 and publishing around the world. It is administrated by China Machinery Industry Federation and sponsored by China Welding Association, Chinese Welding Society of CMES and Harbin Welding Institute Limited Company. CHINA WELDIANG is the earliest academic magazine on welding; technique published in English language in China.It has been an important way for the internatiornal welding area to follow展开更多
The Third "Brother Cup" China International Young Designers Contest was held in April 1995 at the Century Theatre in the Beijing Sino-Japanese Youth Exchange Centre. The Contest, an important activity at the...The Third "Brother Cup" China International Young Designers Contest was held in April 1995 at the Century Theatre in the Beijing Sino-Japanese Youth Exchange Centre. The Contest, an important activity at the ’95 China International Clothing and Accessories Fair, is the largest one in the world at present with designers from many countries and regions. Recently I interviewed the sponsor of the contest—展开更多
I.Introduction This year marks the 70th anniversary of the People’s Republic of China.Consequently,this is a suitable moment to reflect on the contributions made by China to international human rights.Seventy years i...I.Introduction This year marks the 70th anniversary of the People’s Republic of China.Consequently,this is a suitable moment to reflect on the contributions made by China to international human rights.Seventy years is a very long time,and much has happened during this period.Therefore,such a review by definition needs to be selective.展开更多
China has a population that is one-fifth of humanity. Most of its people live in rural areas. This country has been built and developed on the ruins of semi-colonialism and semi-feudalism and on a foundation of ＂pove...China has a population that is one-fifth of humanity. Most of its people live in rural areas. This country has been built and developed on the ruins of semi-colonialism and semi-feudalism and on a foundation of ＂poverty and blankness.＂ The founding of New China created the political condition for the advancement of people＇s democracy. Since the adoption of reform and open policies, or gaige kaifang, China has gradually found an effective way, suited for Chinese conditions,展开更多
Currently, the application work on 2008 Product Development Contribution Award of China National Textile &Apparel Council, has been initiated, and this award is established
Human rights are the rights and freedoms of humans in their nature, and represent the basic conditions for the free and complete development of the humankind. The educational develop- ment level is an important mark o...Human rights are the rights and freedoms of humans in their nature, and represent the basic conditions for the free and complete development of the humankind. The educational develop- ment level is an important mark of the level of realization of human rights. China＇s higher education realized the historic development in the 1998- 2007 period, and the number of the enrolled students at common colleges and universities across the nation had exploded from 3.4 million to 18.85 million, the number one in the world.展开更多
Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up,the Party and the State have gained a richer and deeper understanding of human rights.In 1997,the 15;Communist Party of China National Congress Report put forward"r...Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up,the Party and the State have gained a richer and deeper understanding of human rights.In 1997,the 15;Communist Party of China National Congress Report put forward"respect for human rights".In 2004,the idea that"the State respects and protects human rights"was written into展开更多
The buildup of oxygen in the Earth＇s atmosphere and oceans has fundamentally reshaped the dynamics of nearly all major biogeochemical cycles and ultimately paved the way for the diversification of complex life on Ear...The buildup of oxygen in the Earth＇s atmosphere and oceans has fundamentally reshaped the dynamics of nearly all major biogeochemical cycles and ultimately paved the way for the diversification of complex life on Earth. Over the past decades there have been sustained efforts to develop a more comprehensive understanding of ocean-atmosphere redox evolution and its relationship to the evolution of early life （Fig. 1）. It is generally accepted that the development of oxygenic photosynthesis at ~2.7 Ga may have been responsible for the Great Oxidation Event （GOE） at the beginning of the Proterozoic Eon, whereas a second big O2 rise at the end of the Proterozoic Eon （the so-called Neoproterozoic Oxidation Event or NOE） was responsible for the diversification of metazoans （Lyons et al., 2014）.展开更多
Based on observations and historical simulations from the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP5) archive, the contributions of human activities(including greenhouse gases(GHGs), anthropogenic ...Based on observations and historical simulations from the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP5) archive, the contributions of human activities(including greenhouse gases(GHGs), anthropogenic aerosols(AAs), and land use(LU)) and external natural forcings(Nat) to climate changes in China over the past 50 years were quantified. Both anthropogenic and external natural forcings account for 95%–99% of the observed temperature change from 1951–1975 to 1981–2005. In particular, the temperature changes induced by GHGs are approximately 2–3 times stronger than the observed changes, and AAs impose a significant cooling effect. The total external forcings can explain 65%–78% of the observed precipitation changes over the past 50 years, in which AAs and GHGs are the primary external forcings leading to the precipitation changes; in particular, AAs dominate the main spatial features of precipitation changes in eastern China. Human activities also dominate the long-term non-linear trends in observed temperature during the past several decades, and, in particular, GHGs, the primary warming contributor, have produced significant warming since the 1960 s. Compared to the long-term non-linear trends in observed precipitation, GHGs have largely caused the wetting changes in the arid-semiarid region since the 1970 s, whereas AAs have led to the drying changes in the humid-semihumid region; both LU and Nat can impose certain impacts on the long-term non-linear trends in precipitation. Using the optimal fingerprinting detection approach, the effects of human activities on the temperature changes can be detected and attributed in China, and the effect of GHGs can be clearly detected from the observations in humid-semihumid areas. However, the anthropogenic effects cannot be detected in the observed precipitation changes, which may be due to the uncertainties in the model simulations and to other issues. Although some results in this paper still need improvement due to uncertainties in the coupled models, this study is expected to provide the background and scientific basis for climate changes to conduct vulnerability and risk assessments of the ecological systems and water resources in the arid-semiarid region of China.展开更多
Ⅰ.IntroductionSince 1995,six Asian and European countries(Sweden,Italy,Latvia,Poland,Mongolia andKyrgyz Republic)have introduced variants of an in-novative new defined contribution(DC)security
IN February 1992 the State Council Standing Meeting discussed and endorsed the National Program of Action for Child Development (hereinafter referred to as National Program for short) in China in the 1990s which is a ...IN February 1992 the State Council Standing Meeting discussed and endorsed the National Program of Action for Child Development (hereinafter referred to as National Program for short) in China in the 1990s which is a program of action for children. Children are the future of our motherland and the hope of our Chinese nation. The wholesome development of children has a bearing upon the future of China. Improvement of the quality of our entire nation begins with them.展开更多
文摘CHINA WELDING （ISSN 1004-5341,CN23-1332/TG） initiated in 1992 and publishing around the world. It is administrated by China Machinery Industry Federation and sponsored by China Welding Association, Chinese Welding Society of CMES and Harbin Welding Institute. CHINA WELDING is the unique academic magazine on welding technique published in English language in China.
文摘CHINA WELDING （ISSN 1004-5341,CN23-1332/TG） initiated in 1992 and publishing around the world. It is administrated by China Machinery Industry Federation and sponsored by China Welding Association.
文摘CHIANA WELDING (ISSN 1004-534,CN23-1332/TG) initiated in1992 and publishing around the world. It is administrated by China Machinery Industry Federation and sponsored by China Welding Association, Chinese Welding Society of CMES and Harbin Welding Institute Limited Company. CHINA WELDIANG is the earliest academic magazine on welding; technique published in English language in China.It has been an important way for the internatiornal welding area to follow
文摘The Third "Brother Cup" China International Young Designers Contest was held in April 1995 at the Century Theatre in the Beijing Sino-Japanese Youth Exchange Centre. The Contest, an important activity at the ’95 China International Clothing and Accessories Fair, is the largest one in the world at present with designers from many countries and regions. Recently I interviewed the sponsor of the contest—
文摘I.Introduction This year marks the 70th anniversary of the People’s Republic of China.Consequently,this is a suitable moment to reflect on the contributions made by China to international human rights.Seventy years is a very long time,and much has happened during this period.Therefore,such a review by definition needs to be selective.
文摘China has a population that is one-fifth of humanity. Most of its people live in rural areas. This country has been built and developed on the ruins of semi-colonialism and semi-feudalism and on a foundation of ＂poverty and blankness.＂ The founding of New China created the political condition for the advancement of people＇s democracy. Since the adoption of reform and open policies, or gaige kaifang, China has gradually found an effective way, suited for Chinese conditions,
文摘Currently, the application work on 2008 Product Development Contribution Award of China National Textile &Apparel Council, has been initiated, and this award is established
文摘Human rights are the rights and freedoms of humans in their nature, and represent the basic conditions for the free and complete development of the humankind. The educational develop- ment level is an important mark of the level of realization of human rights. China＇s higher education realized the historic development in the 1998- 2007 period, and the number of the enrolled students at common colleges and universities across the nation had exploded from 3.4 million to 18.85 million, the number one in the world.
文摘Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up,the Party and the State have gained a richer and deeper understanding of human rights.In 1997,the 15;Communist Party of China National Congress Report put forward"respect for human rights".In 2004,the idea that"the State respects and protects human rights"was written into
文摘The buildup of oxygen in the Earth＇s atmosphere and oceans has fundamentally reshaped the dynamics of nearly all major biogeochemical cycles and ultimately paved the way for the diversification of complex life on Earth. Over the past decades there have been sustained efforts to develop a more comprehensive understanding of ocean-atmosphere redox evolution and its relationship to the evolution of early life （Fig. 1）. It is generally accepted that the development of oxygenic photosynthesis at ~2.7 Ga may have been responsible for the Great Oxidation Event （GOE） at the beginning of the Proterozoic Eon, whereas a second big O2 rise at the end of the Proterozoic Eon （the so-called Neoproterozoic Oxidation Event or NOE） was responsible for the diversification of metazoans （Lyons et al., 2014）.
基金National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2012CB956203)the China Meteorological Administration R&D Special Fund for Public Welfare (Meteorology) (Grant No. GYHY201306027)+1 种基金the Open Research Fund Program of Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province (Grant No. PAEKL-2015-C1)the National Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41405090)
文摘Based on observations and historical simulations from the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP5) archive, the contributions of human activities(including greenhouse gases(GHGs), anthropogenic aerosols(AAs), and land use(LU)) and external natural forcings(Nat) to climate changes in China over the past 50 years were quantified. Both anthropogenic and external natural forcings account for 95%–99% of the observed temperature change from 1951–1975 to 1981–2005. In particular, the temperature changes induced by GHGs are approximately 2–3 times stronger than the observed changes, and AAs impose a significant cooling effect. The total external forcings can explain 65%–78% of the observed precipitation changes over the past 50 years, in which AAs and GHGs are the primary external forcings leading to the precipitation changes; in particular, AAs dominate the main spatial features of precipitation changes in eastern China. Human activities also dominate the long-term non-linear trends in observed temperature during the past several decades, and, in particular, GHGs, the primary warming contributor, have produced significant warming since the 1960 s. Compared to the long-term non-linear trends in observed precipitation, GHGs have largely caused the wetting changes in the arid-semiarid region since the 1970 s, whereas AAs have led to the drying changes in the humid-semihumid region; both LU and Nat can impose certain impacts on the long-term non-linear trends in precipitation. Using the optimal fingerprinting detection approach, the effects of human activities on the temperature changes can be detected and attributed in China, and the effect of GHGs can be clearly detected from the observations in humid-semihumid areas. However, the anthropogenic effects cannot be detected in the observed precipitation changes, which may be due to the uncertainties in the model simulations and to other issues. Although some results in this paper still need improvement due to uncertainties in the coupled models, this study is expected to provide the background and scientific basis for climate changes to conduct vulnerability and risk assessments of the ecological systems and water resources in the arid-semiarid region of China.
文摘Ⅰ.IntroductionSince 1995,six Asian and European countries(Sweden,Italy,Latvia,Poland,Mongolia andKyrgyz Republic)have introduced variants of an in-novative new defined contribution(DC)security
文摘IN February 1992 the State Council Standing Meeting discussed and endorsed the National Program of Action for Child Development (hereinafter referred to as National Program for short) in China in the 1990s which is a program of action for children. Children are the future of our motherland and the hope of our Chinese nation. The wholesome development of children has a bearing upon the future of China. Improvement of the quality of our entire nation begins with them.
