“COST OF GROWTH”:REGIONAL PUBLIC GOODS AND CHINA'S NEIGHBORHOOD DIPLOMACY

China is a growing power.It is an important integral part for realizing the Two Centenary Goals and the Chinese Dream to be upgraded from a regional power to a world power. To this end,the neighborhood is of primary importance and the neighborhood diplomacy consists of an impor-

Thirty Years of China's Diplomacy:Trajectory and Challenges Ahead

The 60 years since the birth of New China can be divided into two equal parts with the second 30 years of Chinese diplomacy reflecting tremendous changes in the country and its society.And its central task in this period boils down to building a peaceful external environment for the domestic modernization drive.In the process,based on independence and the world-known Five Principles of Peaceful Co-existence,taking shape is a diplomatic strategy that is both all-directional in scope and rich in Chinese characteristics.Since the advent of the 21st century,the country has defined four areas of focus in its diplomacy and put forward the watchword of"peaceful development."Looking ahead,China is facing new challenges in its diplomacy of how to preserve harmonious relations with the outside world and set up a Chinese model reflecting its own core values,thereby investing with it greater international appeal and value of universal application.

China's Public Diplomacy since the 18^(th) CPC National Congress

It is pointed out for the first time at the 18thCPC National Congress on November 8,2012 that"public diplomacy and cultural exchanges should be pushed forward",signifying integration of public diplomacy into China’s national strategy.Over the past year,China’s public diplomacy has made remarkable progress in institution-building,

Observations on China's People-to-People Diplomacy

Beijing NGO Association for International Exchanges (Hereinafter referred to as Beijing NGO) was established in August, 2007. It was co-founded by Beijing People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries and more than 60 NGOs such as Beijing Women’s Federation, Beijing Youth Federation,

2017 Symposium on International Developments and China＇s Diplomacy Held in Beijing

The 2017 Symposium on International Developments and China's Diplomacy,coorganized by CIIS and China Foundation for International Studies(CFIS),was held in Beijing on December 9,2017.Foreign Minister Wang Yi attended the opening and delivered a keynote speech entitled"China's

Evolving Thinking and Policies of China's Diplomacy and China-EU Relations

Evolutions and readjustment permeate China’s diplomatic policy in the six decades’ history of PRC, thanks to the tremendous changes happened to both the world and PRC. Enormous opportunities and challenges to China coincide in the present world. China and EU are rising with bigger role to play in the world, though daunting challenges to bilateral relations beckon.

China’s New Age of Public Diplomacy

Zhao Qizheng records dialogues with political heavyweights on China＇s image altHoUGH public diplomacy is not a new term in political and academic circles, it may still sound abstract and alien to the general public. Discussion of public diplomacy is often confined to serious seminars and academic publications. Published by New World Press in april this year, The Wisdom of Public Diplomacy： Cross-Border

New Direction for China’s Diplomacy

China is now experiencing growing pains as its economic strength and international influence are on the rise. In the meantime, the international community has higher expectations of China.

New Development in Global Politics and Rethinking on China's Multilateral Diplomacy

The new developments in global politics exert three systemic impacts on international relations. Global issues, vital to the survival of mankind, rise to the top agenda of national governments. The epicenter of global power is shifting from U.S. and Europe to the rest of the regions. The global "political excitement and zeal" is rolling on. All exact more on the competence of global governance. The current international multilateral mechanisms are in "competence deficit", worsening either in terms of adequacy, validity or legitimacy. The call for the reform of it is ever soaring. China by the way is at once engaging in the multilateral diplomacy transforming the international system and facing the growing pressure of assuming "leadership" and "international responsibility". China needs to continuously adapt to the changed national identity in the multilateral diplomacy, to reconcile the multilateral mechanisms that deal with regions and domains in China's strategic planning and laying-out, to organically associate the short-term and long-term goals and to upgrade the concept of harmonious world in the practice of multilateral diplomacy.

Forge Ahead with Major-Country Diplomacy with Chinese Features

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China's diplomacy has progressed toward major achievements in ideological concepts, strategic operations and practical innovation. In its role as responsible major power, China achieved fruitful results in building generally stable major-country relationships for balanced development. It remains actively involved in hotspot issues in its surrounding area, with Korea, India and the South China Sea especially, to defuse tension. Amid a diminished willingness of many countries to participate in serious global problems, and with difficulties facing multilateral regimes, China was proactive, holding multilateral summits and hosting diplomacy platforms to cope with worldwide challenges and to gather international consensus on safeguarding world peace and seeking common development. The 19th Party Congress gained unprecedented international attention. Socialism with Chinese characteristics has taken on a new look, and China's diplomacy will continue progressing toward a favorable external environment for the country's development.

The Implementation Mode of No-Fly Zones in International Relations

A No-Fly Zone(NFZ)is a unique mode of humanitarian intervention which is understudied in international relations.This article focuses on the political dimension of NFZs in international relations and investigates their implementations by empirically reviewing all three cases of NFZs to date.There may be efforts by intervening states to highlight humanitarian crises among certain targets to secure UN authorization for the NFZs;yet the implementation of NFZs is also driven largely by the security interests of enforcing states.As a result,there is the potential for those states implementing NFZs to transcend legal authorization and sometimes use excessive force,with likely calamitous results for local populations,or in extreme cases,accomplishing regime change by supporting opposition parties in target states.

30 Years of China’s Diplomacy

In the three decades since adopting the opening-up policy, China has taken on a new international

China's Diplomacy Innovation since the 18^(th) CPC National Congress

Since the 18th CPC National Congress, China's diplomacy based on maintaining the continuity of the reform and opening up and stability of the fundamental policy, has achieved significant innovation in practice, concept and system design, highlighting increasingly the obvious China' characteristics, China's style and China's spirit.

The Architecture and Trend of Competitive Cooperation between Two Major Powers in Asia-Pacific and China’s Diplomacy

The rise of China and the strategic readjustments of the United States catalyzes major changes with four new features for the Asia-Pacific geo-space. A, the Asia-Pacific geo-economic map witnesses a double competitive pattern. B, geo-security space shows a Sino-U.S. competitive and low-cooperative trend. C, geopolitical environment highlights the development model competition. D, the high-tech becomes the new driving force for the Asia-Pacific geo-environment changes. The domestic and overseas concerns with the status and prospects of the Asia-Pacific geo-environment focus on a debates between a resistant and confrontational architecture and a competitive cooperation trend. The author believes that the conditions for the resistant and confrontational pattern are no longer in existence and the regional pattern should be promoted in a direction of competitive cooperation.

China-Arab States Strategic Partnership:Myth or Reality?

Since the establishment of the Chin-Arab States Cooperation Forum(CASCF)in 2004,the two sides have forged special political relations.Such a special relationship,different from that of a military alliance,has strategic attributes of alignment,and has transcended the common state-to-state relations in the world.In the next decade,Sino-Arab strategic cooperation will live through a golden historical opportunity.But,whether the Forum will rise to a formal organization like the Shanghai Cooperation Organization(SCO)is determined by two competing factors.The positive factors derive from China and the Arab countries sharing a series of common values,emphasis on national dignity,revitalization,political multi-polarity,diversity of development modes and non-interference in each other’s internal affairs;the negative factors rest on Arab countries having intrinsic internal discords,low integration and divergent attitudes towards the West,particularly since the outbreak of the Arab uprisings.To further promote the strategic relations,China and the Arab States should eliminate the impact of the“Islamic threat”and the“China threat”in their respective media,give priority to each other in their separate overall diplomacy and respect each other’s vital interests.

中国特色大国外交继往开来

China’s diplomacy faced many challenges in 2019.In response to strategic competition with the US and the complex and volatile surrounding environment,China took the initiative to shape and guide international developments.Despite the unilateralism and protectionism of some Western powers,China adhered to multilateralism and promoted global governance through diplomatic events and multilateral diplomacy.China has actively engaged in diplomatic struggles and resolutely safeguarded the unity of sovereignty to deal with outside interference.The 70th anniversary of National Day,an unprecedented occasion,demonstrated the resolve and sincerity of maintaining peace,development and win-win cooperation.For 70 years,China has made significant diplomatic achievements and gained valuable experience.In the future,China will build on past achievements and make persistent efforts.

Large-Scale Upheaval in the Middle East and China’s Diplomatic Reactions

Arab countries have been faced with a large scale Middle Eastern upheaval,which has attracted the attention of all the Middle Eastern countries and international community.The current situation is primarily related to the important location of the Middle East.Nearly all the Arab countries are involved in the upheaval.Omnifarious appeals are claimed by the people,including political,economic and social aspects.The problems have been accumulating for years,and the Middle East upheaval in 2011 was an overall outburst of people’s dissatisfaction.The cost of the unrest is high despite the social progress it may promote.At present,a fragile peace is realized in Syria though the prospect of future development is unclear.Since the outbreak of the Middle East upheaval,China has adopted a principle of“non-intervention in other’s internal affairs”and“mediating for peace while promoting talks”policy,which is appropriate and proactive.China should adhere to this practice in the future despite the voices of opposition and temporary misunderstanding.

On the Strategic Relationship between China and Islamic Countries in the Middle East

The relationship between China and the Islamic countries has been of strategic significance;mutual understanding and mutual respect in their political ties has been the mainstream in the bilateral relationship.Since the founding of new China,their relationship has undergone two phases:from bilateral to multilateral relations and from mainly in the political field to comprehensive ties in the economic and trade,resources,security,culture and other fields.For future development of bilateral relationships,issues such as misjudgment and misunderstanding,trade imbalance and conflicts of interest must be resolved.To do so,strategic significance must be attached to bilateral relationships so as to uplift the strategic position of the Middle East in the overall Chinese diplomacy,establish a Middle East strategy with Chinese characteristics and strengthen China's cultural diplomacy including religious communication with the Islamic countries in the Middle East.

The Upheaval in the Middle East and China’s Middle East Policy

Due to more than one-year’s upheaval,many Middle Eastern countries experienced regime change,and Syria is the next target and center of this political swirl.The rise of Islamic force is a serious problem for these countries in transition to deal with.Because of this upheaval,the Middle Eastern configuration is facing challenges;the contradiction within regional powers is experiencing growth and decline.The adjustment of America’s Middle East policy has affected the trend of Middle East situation.China’s“non-interference in others’internal affairs”principle gains international society’s interpretation,and China’s diplomacy towards the Middle East is facing important opportunity and enormous challenges.China should seize the opportunity and seek the new development of China-Middle East relations.

From A By-stander to A Constructor:China and the Middle East Security Governance

In the 21st century,Middle East conflicts can generally be classified into four types,namely,conflicts between outside powers and Middle East countries,between Middle East countries themselves,between different political parties and religious sects within a sovereign country,as well as transnational and cross-bordering conflicts.The mode of China’s participation in Middle East security governance includes the political,security and social conflicts.There are three categories of domestic mechanisms in Chinese practice,specifically,the special envoy mechanism by Chinese Foreign Ministry,the procession and peace-keeping mechanisms by Chinese Defense Ministry and the foreign aid mechanism by Chinese Ministry of Commerce.The China-Arab States Cooperation Forum,the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation,the UN and other international organizations constitute the major international regimes for China’s security governance.China’s Middle East security governance creates not only“public goods”for the region,but also a means for China to build constructive great power relations with the US,EU and Russia,among others.The styles of Chinese and Western security governance in the Middle East vary,and the Chinese side places more emphasis on improving the Middle East people’s well-being at the top of the agenda,following“up-bottom”roadmap,and seeking an incremental,consultative,inclusive,and selective governance in the Middle East conflict resolution.