PROTECTION AND RATIONAL UTILIZATION OF WETLANDS IN CHINA

This paper highlights the type, distribution and area of wetlands in China, reviews the progress and achievements made in wetland research and expounds the status quo of wetland utilization in China. It also analyses emphatically the problems existing in wetland utilization, points out the importance of wetland protection, and presents suggestions on wetland protection and wetland ecosystem research.

China Hammers Out Effective Steps to Protect Its Wetlands

The Chinese government will step up its efforts to stop the country’s wetlands from shrinking, said Ma Fu, Deputy Director of the State’s Forestry Administration, while announcing the newly drafted the Action Plan for National Wetlands Conservation on November 8th in Beijing.

Preliminary Study on Wetland Resources and Management in China

China is rich in wetland resources.It is an important way to improve the ecological environment and realize the sustainable development strategy by strengthening the protection and sustainable utilization of wetland resources.In this paper,based on the analysis of the current situation of wetland resources and management,it is proposed that wetland management should be included in the social and economic system as well as land and water system management.

China's First Wetland Databank Inaugurated in Changchun

A databank designed for wetland studies has been established and put into operation by scientists at the Changchun Institute of Geography, CAS, as a result of many years of hard work.……

Characteristics of Photosynthetic Fluorescence of Dominant Submerged Plants in Nanjishan Wetland of Poyang Lake in Winter

Based on the investigation of the species and frequency of submerged plants in Nanjishan Wetland of Poyang Lake in the winter of 2013,chlorophyll contents and photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics of the dominant submerged plants were studied using chlorophyll fluorescence imaging method. The results indicate that the major submerged plants of Nanjishan Wetland in Poyang Lake in winter included Hydrilla verticillata,Vallisneria natans,Najas minor,Potamogeton pectinatus,Nymphoides peltatum,Myriophyllum verticillatum and so on,and the dominant species were mainly H. verticillata and V. natans in different submerged plant communities. The chlorophyll content of H. verticillata is higher than that of V.natans,and the photosynthesis intensity of H. verticillata is stronger than that of V. natans. The value of Ca / Cb of H. verticillata is not large,which shows that the light-harvesting capacity of H. verticillata＇s chlorophyll is considerable in different sampling sites. The highest value of QY-max of V.natans is up to 0. 732,while the lowest value is only 0. 465; the highest value of QY-max of H. verticillata is 0. 677,while the lowest value is 0. 556.All values of QY-max of the submerged plants were lower than 0. 8,which shows that the submerged plants in Nanjishan Wetland of Poyang Lake may be subjected to certain external stress,which indicates that the external stress might cause some damage for the PSII reaction centers.

The Countermeasures of Ecological Rehabilitation in Jinghe National Wetland Park

By analyzing the ecological status of Jinghe National Wetland Park of Qinggang,Heilongjiang,the countermeasures of ecological rehabilitation in Jinghe National Wetland Park are put forward.

Assessment on Qilihai Wetland Value in Tianjin City

[Objective]The study aimed at assessing the whole value of Qilihai Wetland in Tianjin City.[Method]In this study,the whole value of Qilihai Wetland was divided into two parts,namely use value and non-use value.The use value of Qilihai Wetland was estimated by market value,travel cost,shadow project method and so forth,and the non-use value of Qilihai Wetland was assessed by contingent valuation method.[Result]The total value of Qilihai Wetland reached 1.892 billion yuan,wherein the direct use value,including animal and plant products,tourism,scientific and cultural value,was 0.539 billion yuan,accounting for 28% of total value;the indirect use value,composed of functional values in hydrology,water quality,erosion control,CO2 fixation and habitats,was up to 0.965 billion yuan,making up 51%;the non-use value totaled 0.388 billion yuan,taking up 21%.In addition,the ecological benefit of Qilihai Wetland was the maximum,accounting for 72% of total benefit,followed by economic benefit（21%）,while the social benefit was the minimum（9%）.[Conclusion]The results can provide scientific references for the effective conservation and sustainable utilization of Qilihai Wetland.

Performance of CH4MOD_(wetland) for the case study of different regions of natural Chinese wetland

Reliable national estimates of CH_4 emissions from natural wetlands depend on model validation based on site observations.We therefore evaluated the performance of the CH_4 MODwetlandmodel in simulating CH_4 emissions from 11 representative wetland sites in five regions of China.Model performance analysis showed that this method effectively simulates differences in the CH_4 fluxes between different sites and regions.The model efficiency for estimating the daily CH_4 fluxes in the northeastern China（NE）,Inner Mongolia and northwestern China（NW）,the North China plain and the Middle-Lower Yangtze Plain（E） and the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau（SW） was 0.51,0.20,0.52 and 0.65,respectively.The efficiency for estimating the annual mean CH_4 fluxes in southern China（S） was 0.99.Systematic negative deviation between the simulated and observed CH_4 emissions existed in all regions,especially in the NW region,which had a mean deviation（RMD） value of-36.7%.On the national scale,the root mean square error（RMSE）,the RMD,the model efficiency（EF）between the simulated and observed seasonal values were 28.7%,-7.8% and 0.93,respectively.The CH_4 emissions showed the highest sensitivity to air temperature in the NE and SW regions,and to water table depth in the E region.Based on the sensitivity analysis,future climate warming and wetting are likely to increase the wetland CH_4 emissions at different levels in all regions of China.

互花米草有利于我国海岸带蓝碳功能提升

Spartina alterniflora has rapidly and extensively encroached on China's coastline over the past decades.Among the coastal areas invaded by S.alterniflora,at most 93%are mudflats.However,the effect of S.alterniflora invasion on soil organic carbon(SOC)stocks of coastal mudflats has not been systematically studied on a national scale.Here,we quantified the nationwide changes in SOC stocks in coastal mudflats associated with S.alterniflora invasion between 1990 and 2020.We found that S.alterniflora invasion significantly enhanced SOC stocks in coastal China.Nonetheless,the benefit of S.alterniflora invasion of coastal SOC stock may be weakened by continuing human intervention.We found that S.alterniflora invading mudflats added 2.3 Tg SOC stocks to China's coastal blue carbon,while 1.78 Tg SOC stocks were lost mainly due to human activities,resulted in a net SOC stock gain of 0.52 Tg C.These findings overturned the traditionally thought that S.alterniflora invasion would reduce ecosystem services by highlighting that the historical invasion of S.alterniflora has broadly and consistently enhanced blue carbon stock in coastal China.