Intelligent technologies are leading to the next wave of industrial revolution in manufacturing.In developed economies,firms are embracing these advanced technologies following a sequential upgrading strategy-from dig...Intelligent technologies are leading to the next wave of industrial revolution in manufacturing.In developed economies,firms are embracing these advanced technologies following a sequential upgrading strategy-from digital manufacturing to smart manufacturing(digital-networked),and then to newgeneration intelligent manufacturing paradigms.However,Chinese firms face a different scenario.On the one hand,they have diverse technological bases that vary from low-end electrified machinery to leading-edge digital-network technologies;thus,they may not follow an identical upgrading pathway.On the other hand,Chinese firms aim to rapidly catch up and transition from technology followers to probable frontrunners;thus,the turbulences in the transitioning phase may trigger a precious opportunity for leapfrogging,if Chinese manufacturers can swiftly acquire domain expertise through the adoption of intelligent manufacturing technologies.This study addresses the following question by conducting multiple case studies:Can Chinese firms upgrade intelligent manufacturing through different pathways than the sequential one followed in developed economies?The data sources include semistructured interviews and archival data.This study finds that Chinese manufacturing firms have a variety of pathways to transition across the three technological paradigms of intelligent manufacturing in nonconsecutive ways.This finding implies that Chinese firms may strategize their own upgrading pathways toward intelligent manufacturing according to their capabilities and industrial specifics;furthermore,this finding can be extended to other catching-up economies.This paper provides a strategic roadmap as an explanatory guide to manufacturing firms,policymakers,and investors.展开更多
The ’tri-gold program’ aiming at improving information exchange for China’s national economy has been put into practice. The ’Gold bridge’ project forms the infrastructure for the information exchange of the nati...The ’tri-gold program’ aiming at improving information exchange for China’s national economy has been put into practice. The ’Gold bridge’ project forms the infrastructure for the information exchange of the national economy. It makes great contributions to the control and decision-making of the country’s macro-economy, to the promotion of social productivity, and to relieving the bottleneck pressure on the parts of energy, communications and environment. The ’Gold Customs’ project aims at realizing paperless foreign trade. The ’Gold card’ project involves modern payment means, such as展开更多
Nowadays,China has become the country that introduces the largest amount of foreign capital.Up to June 2008,the accumulative total number of foreign- invested enterprises in China is over 632 thousand:the total amount...Nowadays,China has become the country that introduces the largest amount of foreign capital.Up to June 2008,the accumulative total number of foreign- invested enterprises in China is over 632 thousand:the total amount of actual use of foreign capital is over US$582 billion.There are over 400 multination- als of top 500 investing in China,30 of which set up regional headquarters。展开更多
China's hydropower equipment manufacturing technology has benef ited from the policy of reform and opening-up and the "Three Gorges Model." The latter means an approach of self-supply of hydropower equip...China's hydropower equipment manufacturing technology has benef ited from the policy of reform and opening-up and the "Three Gorges Model." The latter means an approach of self-supply of hydropower equipment. Based on the foundations laid through independent research and development, by way of digesting, absorbing and innovating the technologies introduced from abroad for the Left Bank Station of the Three Gorges Hydropower Station, domestic suppliers independently designed and manufactured large hydropower units for the Right Bank Station of the Three Gorges and many other large hydropower stations in China.展开更多
One day in April,our reporters visitedthis national super-large enterprise.Mr Huang Xiaoping,the generalmanager,briefed us on the company’s brilliantpast and bright future. The Yuejin Auto Group Company isfamed all o...One day in April,our reporters visitedthis national super-large enterprise.Mr Huang Xiaoping,the generalmanager,briefed us on the company’s brilliantpast and bright future. The Yuejin Auto Group Company isfamed all over the world for producing YuejinBrand automobiles.In 1958,the firstgeneration of Yuejin Brand automobiles cameout,and China has since had its first展开更多
According to Q2 Report on China’s Wearable Device Market,China’s wearable devices in Q2 2016 saw an output of 9.54 million units,up 13.2%month-on-month and 81.4%yearon-year.The basic wearable devices representing by...According to Q2 Report on China’s Wearable Device Market,China’s wearable devices in Q2 2016 saw an output of 9.54 million units,up 13.2%month-on-month and 81.4%yearon-year.The basic wearable devices representing by wristband,children watch and smart shoes increased by92.1%year-on-year and the smart wearable devices represented by smart watch increased by 3.4%year-on-year.'Unlike the overseas展开更多
Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China,the human rights cause in China has developed and progressed through the period of democratic revolution,the early founding of the People’s Republic of China,the n...Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China,the human rights cause in China has developed and progressed through the period of democratic revolution,the early founding of the People’s Republic of China,the new period of reform and openingup,and the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics.all previous national Congresses of the Communist Party of China have made illustrations and arrangements on human rights issues,and the successive Party leaders have made important expositions on human rights issues.The Party and the state have enacted a series of policies,laws,and regulations to protect human rights in various periods.China has made historic and great achievements in human rights practice and created a human rights development path suited to China’s national conditions.China’s human rights development over the past century has fully proved that the CPC has always been,and it remains,the firm core of leadership for China’s human rights development and progress.展开更多
2006 is the commencing year of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development, and also the fifth anniversary of China joining the World Trade Organization. After the development of the trans...2006 is the commencing year of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development, and also the fifth anniversary of China joining the World Trade Organization. After the development of the transition period in these years, China’s national economy has successfully inte grated into the global system. National economy remains de- veloping at a high speed. The total amount of import and export reached more than 1.4 trillion USD,展开更多
In November 2012, immediately after the close of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China （CPC）, CPC Central Committee General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed to ＂realize the Chinese dream of the gr...In November 2012, immediately after the close of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China （CPC）, CPC Central Committee General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed to ＂realize the Chinese dream of the great revival of the Chinese nation.＂ He emphasized that the fulfillment of the Chinese dream regarding the great revival of the Chinese nation is simply the realization of the country＇s prosperity, the nation＇s revival and the people＇s happiness. All in all, the Chinese dream is the people＇s dream.展开更多
International outsourcing is an important way to realize intra-product division of labor. China's industrial upgrade and policy efforts directed at outsourcing are not entirely endogenous but have a dependent path...International outsourcing is an important way to realize intra-product division of labor. China's industrial upgrade and policy efforts directed at outsourcing are not entirely endogenous but have a dependent path prone to be captured and locked at the low end of the global value chain by developed countries at the chain's high end. In light of the stage and reality of China's economic development, we should not only upgrade manufacturing outsourcing but also grasp service outsourcing opportunities. We should implement a strategy of coordinated development of manufacturing and service outsourcing rather than hastily transforming China from a "factory of the world" into an "office of the world." Balancing services with manufacturing and linking the global value chain with the domestic value chain is the best tool to address the problem of China's uneven regional development and establish a multi-tiered modern industrial system.展开更多
This paper has identified two models of intra-product international division of labor:the model of passive inclusion and the model of proactive participation.Their difference is essentially whether participation in in...This paper has identified two models of intra-product international division of labor:the model of passive inclusion and the model of proactive participation.Their difference is essentially whether participation in international division of labor is dominated by multinational firms or by local firms.At the level of representative sectors,some characteristic variables of participation in international division of labor demonstrate significant industry differences.Models of division of labor affect technology progress.According to the empirical analysis result at the micro-level of four sectors,no matter for export or the contribution of learning by doing to corporate technology progress,the model of proactive participation is superior to the model of passive inclusion;under the model of passive inclusion,the technology spillover effect of import is smaller than "learning by doing " effect;under the model of proactive participation,technology spillover effect is over two times the "learning by doing" effect.展开更多
15%Prof its of China’s major indust r ial f irms saw a steady growth of 15%over the January-April period,and the growth was larger than the 11.6-percent increase registered for the first quarter according to the Nati...15%Prof its of China’s major indust r ial f irms saw a steady growth of 15%over the January-April period,and the growth was larger than the 11.6-percent increase registered for the first quarter according to the National Bureau of Statistics.展开更多
基金This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91646102,L1824039,L1724034,L1624045,and L1524015)the project of China’s Ministry of Education(16JDGC011)+6 种基金the Chinese Academy of Engineering’s consultancy project(2019-ZD-9)the National Science and Technology Major Project(2016ZX04005002)Beijing Natural Science Foundation Project(9182013)the technology projects of the Chinese Academy of Engineering’s China Knowledge Center for Engineering Sciences(CKCEST-2019-2-13,CKCEST-2018-1-13,CKCEST-2017-1-10,and CKCEST-2015-4-2)the UK–China Industry Academia Partnership Programme(UK-CIAPP\260)the Volvo-supported Green Economy and Sustainable Development Projects in the Tsinghua University(20153000181)Tsinghua Initiative Research(2016THZW).
文摘Intelligent technologies are leading to the next wave of industrial revolution in manufacturing.In developed economies,firms are embracing these advanced technologies following a sequential upgrading strategy-from digital manufacturing to smart manufacturing(digital-networked),and then to newgeneration intelligent manufacturing paradigms.However,Chinese firms face a different scenario.On the one hand,they have diverse technological bases that vary from low-end electrified machinery to leading-edge digital-network technologies;thus,they may not follow an identical upgrading pathway.On the other hand,Chinese firms aim to rapidly catch up and transition from technology followers to probable frontrunners;thus,the turbulences in the transitioning phase may trigger a precious opportunity for leapfrogging,if Chinese manufacturers can swiftly acquire domain expertise through the adoption of intelligent manufacturing technologies.This study addresses the following question by conducting multiple case studies:Can Chinese firms upgrade intelligent manufacturing through different pathways than the sequential one followed in developed economies?The data sources include semistructured interviews and archival data.This study finds that Chinese manufacturing firms have a variety of pathways to transition across the three technological paradigms of intelligent manufacturing in nonconsecutive ways.This finding implies that Chinese firms may strategize their own upgrading pathways toward intelligent manufacturing according to their capabilities and industrial specifics;furthermore,this finding can be extended to other catching-up economies.This paper provides a strategic roadmap as an explanatory guide to manufacturing firms,policymakers,and investors.
文摘The ’tri-gold program’ aiming at improving information exchange for China’s national economy has been put into practice. The ’Gold bridge’ project forms the infrastructure for the information exchange of the national economy. It makes great contributions to the control and decision-making of the country’s macro-economy, to the promotion of social productivity, and to relieving the bottleneck pressure on the parts of energy, communications and environment. The ’Gold Customs’ project aims at realizing paperless foreign trade. The ’Gold card’ project involves modern payment means, such as
文摘Nowadays,China has become the country that introduces the largest amount of foreign capital.Up to June 2008,the accumulative total number of foreign- invested enterprises in China is over 632 thousand:the total amount of actual use of foreign capital is over US$582 billion.There are over 400 multination- als of top 500 investing in China,30 of which set up regional headquarters。
文摘China's hydropower equipment manufacturing technology has benef ited from the policy of reform and opening-up and the "Three Gorges Model." The latter means an approach of self-supply of hydropower equipment. Based on the foundations laid through independent research and development, by way of digesting, absorbing and innovating the technologies introduced from abroad for the Left Bank Station of the Three Gorges Hydropower Station, domestic suppliers independently designed and manufactured large hydropower units for the Right Bank Station of the Three Gorges and many other large hydropower stations in China.
文摘One day in April,our reporters visitedthis national super-large enterprise.Mr Huang Xiaoping,the generalmanager,briefed us on the company’s brilliantpast and bright future. The Yuejin Auto Group Company isfamed all over the world for producing YuejinBrand automobiles.In 1958,the firstgeneration of Yuejin Brand automobiles cameout,and China has since had its first
文摘According to Q2 Report on China’s Wearable Device Market,China’s wearable devices in Q2 2016 saw an output of 9.54 million units,up 13.2%month-on-month and 81.4%yearon-year.The basic wearable devices representing by wristband,children watch and smart shoes increased by92.1%year-on-year and the smart wearable devices represented by smart watch increased by 3.4%year-on-year.'Unlike the overseas
文摘Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China,the human rights cause in China has developed and progressed through the period of democratic revolution,the early founding of the People’s Republic of China,the new period of reform and openingup,and the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics.all previous national Congresses of the Communist Party of China have made illustrations and arrangements on human rights issues,and the successive Party leaders have made important expositions on human rights issues.The Party and the state have enacted a series of policies,laws,and regulations to protect human rights in various periods.China has made historic and great achievements in human rights practice and created a human rights development path suited to China’s national conditions.China’s human rights development over the past century has fully proved that the CPC has always been,and it remains,the firm core of leadership for China’s human rights development and progress.
文摘2006 is the commencing year of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development, and also the fifth anniversary of China joining the World Trade Organization. After the development of the transition period in these years, China’s national economy has successfully inte grated into the global system. National economy remains de- veloping at a high speed. The total amount of import and export reached more than 1.4 trillion USD,
文摘In November 2012, immediately after the close of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China （CPC）, CPC Central Committee General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed to ＂realize the Chinese dream of the great revival of the Chinese nation.＂ He emphasized that the fulfillment of the Chinese dream regarding the great revival of the Chinese nation is simply the realization of the country＇s prosperity, the nation＇s revival and the people＇s happiness. All in all, the Chinese dream is the people＇s dream.
文摘International outsourcing is an important way to realize intra-product division of labor. China's industrial upgrade and policy efforts directed at outsourcing are not entirely endogenous but have a dependent path prone to be captured and locked at the low end of the global value chain by developed countries at the chain's high end. In light of the stage and reality of China's economic development, we should not only upgrade manufacturing outsourcing but also grasp service outsourcing opportunities. We should implement a strategy of coordinated development of manufacturing and service outsourcing rather than hastily transforming China from a "factory of the world" into an "office of the world." Balancing services with manufacturing and linking the global value chain with the domestic value chain is the best tool to address the problem of China's uneven regional development and establish a multi-tiered modern industrial system.
文摘This paper has identified two models of intra-product international division of labor:the model of passive inclusion and the model of proactive participation.Their difference is essentially whether participation in international division of labor is dominated by multinational firms or by local firms.At the level of representative sectors,some characteristic variables of participation in international division of labor demonstrate significant industry differences.Models of division of labor affect technology progress.According to the empirical analysis result at the micro-level of four sectors,no matter for export or the contribution of learning by doing to corporate technology progress,the model of proactive participation is superior to the model of passive inclusion;under the model of passive inclusion,the technology spillover effect of import is smaller than "learning by doing " effect;under the model of proactive participation,technology spillover effect is over two times the "learning by doing" effect.
文摘15%Prof its of China’s major indust r ial f irms saw a steady growth of 15%over the January-April period,and the growth was larger than the 11.6-percent increase registered for the first quarter according to the National Bureau of Statistics.
