This paper provides evidence that the variation of boreal winter sea level pressure (SLP) over the North Pacific is out-of-phase with SLP fluctuation over the tropical Indian Ocean on both the interdecadal and interan...This paper provides evidence that the variation of boreal winter sea level pressure (SLP) over the North Pacific is out-of-phase with SLP fluctuation over the tropical Indian Ocean on both the interdecadal and interannual time scales.Subsequently,a SLP between tropical Indian Ocean and North Pacific (TIO-NP) oscillation index is defined to indicate the variation of such out-of-phase fluctuation.Moreover,the simultaneous surface air temperature and precipitation anomalies in China are closely related to TIO-NP oscillations.Below-normal surface air temperature anomalies in the northern and the eastern part of China,and less rainfall in southern China,correspond to positive TIO-NP oscillation phase with negative SLP anomalies in tropical Indian Ocean and positive anomalies in North Pacific.The TIO-NP oscillation affects China's winter climate anomalies,possibly through modulating the northeast East Asia winter monsoon.展开更多
The analysis results of oxygen isotopes, carbon isotopes, geochemistry and the growth belt of reef coral etc. for some profiles of coral reef show that the basic pattern of climatic fluctuation during the Quaternary p...The analysis results of oxygen isotopes, carbon isotopes, geochemistry and the growth belt of reef coral etc. for some profiles of coral reef show that the basic pattern of climatic fluctuation during the Quaternary period can be reflected by coral reef. The trend of climate change was from cooling to warming during the Early Pleistocene with at least four cycles, and from warming to cooling with at least seven cycles during the Middle Pleistocene. The late Pleistocene is a period of the Quaternary which shows the most frequent variation of climate but generally two main cycles of warming-cooling can be seen. During the Holocene the climate went through a process of warming-rise in temperature-drop in temperature. During the historical period there were four cycles of cooling-warming at 1700 a BE During the last 200 years climate change is characterized by two stages; a positive deviation in the former 100 years, and a negative deviation in the latter 100 years with general warming trend.展开更多
The peer-reviewed journal Infectious Diseases of Poverty provides a new platform to engage with,and disseminate in an open-access format,science outside traditional disciplinary boundaries.The current piece reviews a ...The peer-reviewed journal Infectious Diseases of Poverty provides a new platform to engage with,and disseminate in an open-access format,science outside traditional disciplinary boundaries.The current piece reviews a thematic series on surveillance-response systems for elimination of tropical diseases.Overall,22 contributions covering a broad array of diseases are featured–i.e.clonorchiasis,dengue,hepatitis,human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome(HIV/AIDS),H7N9 avian influenza,lymphatic filariasis,malaria,Middle East respiratory syndrome(MERS),rabies,schistosomiasis and tuberculosis(TB).There are five scoping reviews,a commentary,a letter to the editor,an opinion piece and an editorial pertaining to the theme“Elimination of tropical disease through surveillance and response”.The remaining 13 articles are original contributions mainly covering(i)drug resistance;(ii)innovation and validation in the field of mathematical modelling;(iii)elimination of infectious diseases;and(iv)social media reports on disease outbreak notifications released by national health authorities.Analysis of the authors’affiliations reveals that scientists from the People’s Republic of China(P.R.China)are prominently represented.Possible explanations include the fact that the 2012 and 2014 international conferences pertaining to surveillance-response mechanisms were both hosted by the National Institute of Parasitic Diseases(NIPD)in Shanghai,coupled with P.R.China’s growing importance with regard to the control of infectious diseases.Within 4 to 22 months of publication,three of the 22 contributions were viewed more than 10000 times each.With sustained efforts focusing on relevant and strategic information towards control and elimination of infectious diseases,Infectious Diseases of Poverty has become a leading journal in the field of surveillance and response systems in infectious diseases and beyond.展开更多
As a typical contaminant in fossil fuels,vanadium has undergone dramatically increase due to the impacts from human activities.The excessive anthropogenic vanadium emissions have altered natural geochemical processes....As a typical contaminant in fossil fuels,vanadium has undergone dramatically increase due to the impacts from human activities.The excessive anthropogenic vanadium emissions have altered natural geochemical processes.However,research on vanadium geochemistry in the ocean,which is the major sink for vanadium mobilized on land,has lagged much behind relative to those of other contaminants.Here we reconstruct historical patterns of vanadium in surface seawater utilizing a high-resolution temporal record(1984–2015 CE)of geochemical proxies(vanadium/calcium(V/Ca),δ^(18)O,δ^(13)C,etc.)in a Porites coral colony from an offshore non-estuarine island in the northern South China Sea(SCS).We find a close association between the surface winds and the temporal patterns of coral V/Ca ratios,revealing great potential for documenting prehistoric changes in tropical cyclones.Moreover,the coral V/Ca record remarkably captured the temporal patterns of anthropogenic activities,offering a valuable and novel tool for testing the efficacy of specific legislation on pollution prevention.Combined with the other reported coral vanadium data,we recovered the historical changes in vanadium emissions in the northern SCS and identified that changing industrial practices should be responsible for the differences in anthropogenic vanadium emissions at each stage.Our results demonstrated that the coral V/Ca ratio at a high temporal resolution has great potential as a new and direct geochemical proxy for tropical cyclones after removing artificial disturbances in the ocean.展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Projects) under Grant 2011CB309704the National Special Scientific Research Project for Public Interest under Grant 201006021the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 40890155,U0733002,and 40810059005
文摘This paper provides evidence that the variation of boreal winter sea level pressure (SLP) over the North Pacific is out-of-phase with SLP fluctuation over the tropical Indian Ocean on both the interdecadal and interannual time scales.Subsequently,a SLP between tropical Indian Ocean and North Pacific (TIO-NP) oscillation index is defined to indicate the variation of such out-of-phase fluctuation.Moreover,the simultaneous surface air temperature and precipitation anomalies in China are closely related to TIO-NP oscillations.Below-normal surface air temperature anomalies in the northern and the eastern part of China,and less rainfall in southern China,correspond to positive TIO-NP oscillation phase with negative SLP anomalies in tropical Indian Ocean and positive anomalies in North Pacific.The TIO-NP oscillation affects China's winter climate anomalies,possibly through modulating the northeast East Asia winter monsoon.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40371015
文摘The analysis results of oxygen isotopes, carbon isotopes, geochemistry and the growth belt of reef coral etc. for some profiles of coral reef show that the basic pattern of climatic fluctuation during the Quaternary period can be reflected by coral reef. The trend of climate change was from cooling to warming during the Early Pleistocene with at least four cycles, and from warming to cooling with at least seven cycles during the Middle Pleistocene. The late Pleistocene is a period of the Quaternary which shows the most frequent variation of climate but generally two main cycles of warming-cooling can be seen. During the Holocene the climate went through a process of warming-rise in temperature-drop in temperature. During the historical period there were four cycles of cooling-warming at 1700 a BE During the last 200 years climate change is characterized by two stages; a positive deviation in the former 100 years, and a negative deviation in the latter 100 years with general warming trend.
基金supported by the National S&T Major Program(grant no.2012ZX10004220)the fourth round of Three-year Public Health Action Plan of Shanghai(2015-2017,No.GWIV-29).
文摘The peer-reviewed journal Infectious Diseases of Poverty provides a new platform to engage with,and disseminate in an open-access format,science outside traditional disciplinary boundaries.The current piece reviews a thematic series on surveillance-response systems for elimination of tropical diseases.Overall,22 contributions covering a broad array of diseases are featured–i.e.clonorchiasis,dengue,hepatitis,human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome(HIV/AIDS),H7N9 avian influenza,lymphatic filariasis,malaria,Middle East respiratory syndrome(MERS),rabies,schistosomiasis and tuberculosis(TB).There are five scoping reviews,a commentary,a letter to the editor,an opinion piece and an editorial pertaining to the theme“Elimination of tropical disease through surveillance and response”.The remaining 13 articles are original contributions mainly covering(i)drug resistance;(ii)innovation and validation in the field of mathematical modelling;(iii)elimination of infectious diseases;and(iv)social media reports on disease outbreak notifications released by national health authorities.Analysis of the authors’affiliations reveals that scientists from the People’s Republic of China(P.R.China)are prominently represented.Possible explanations include the fact that the 2012 and 2014 international conferences pertaining to surveillance-response mechanisms were both hosted by the National Institute of Parasitic Diseases(NIPD)in Shanghai,coupled with P.R.China’s growing importance with regard to the control of infectious diseases.Within 4 to 22 months of publication,three of the 22 contributions were viewed more than 10000 times each.With sustained efforts focusing on relevant and strategic information towards control and elimination of infectious diseases,Infectious Diseases of Poverty has become a leading journal in the field of surveillance and response systems in infectious diseases and beyond.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42030502,41976059 and 42090041)the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2019GXNSFAA185022)the Innovation Group Project of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)(Grant No.311019006/311020006).
文摘As a typical contaminant in fossil fuels,vanadium has undergone dramatically increase due to the impacts from human activities.The excessive anthropogenic vanadium emissions have altered natural geochemical processes.However,research on vanadium geochemistry in the ocean,which is the major sink for vanadium mobilized on land,has lagged much behind relative to those of other contaminants.Here we reconstruct historical patterns of vanadium in surface seawater utilizing a high-resolution temporal record(1984–2015 CE)of geochemical proxies(vanadium/calcium(V/Ca),δ^(18)O,δ^(13)C,etc.)in a Porites coral colony from an offshore non-estuarine island in the northern South China Sea(SCS).We find a close association between the surface winds and the temporal patterns of coral V/Ca ratios,revealing great potential for documenting prehistoric changes in tropical cyclones.Moreover,the coral V/Ca record remarkably captured the temporal patterns of anthropogenic activities,offering a valuable and novel tool for testing the efficacy of specific legislation on pollution prevention.Combined with the other reported coral vanadium data,we recovered the historical changes in vanadium emissions in the northern SCS and identified that changing industrial practices should be responsible for the differences in anthropogenic vanadium emissions at each stage.Our results demonstrated that the coral V/Ca ratio at a high temporal resolution has great potential as a new and direct geochemical proxy for tropical cyclones after removing artificial disturbances in the ocean.
基金the Fund of Yunnan Province for Young and Middle-aged Talents in Science and Technology (No. 2000YP09) and by a Special Fund of Life Science of CAS supported by the Ministry of Finance (No. STZ-01-14). Received:2003-04-25 accepted: 2003-05-20
