Health risk assessment of trace metal(loid)s in agricultural soils based on Monte Carlo simulation coupled with positive matrix factorization model in Chongqing, southwest China

This study aimed to investigate the pollution characteristics, source apportionment, and health risks associated with trace metal(loid)s(TMs) in the major agricultural producing areas in Chongqing, China. We analyzed the source apportionment and assessed the health risk of TMs in agricultural soils by using positive matrix factorization(PMF) model and health risk assessment(HRA) model based on Monte Carlo simulation. Meanwhile, we combined PMF and HRA models to explore the health risks of TMs in agricultural soils by different pollution sources to determine the priority control factors. Results showed that the average contents of cadmium(Cd), arsenic (As), lead(Pb), chromium(Cr), copper(Cu), nickel(Ni), and zinc(Zn) in the soil were found to be 0.26, 5.93, 27.14, 61.32, 23.81, 32.45, and 78.65 mg/kg, respectively. Spatial analysis and source apportionment analysis revealed that urban and industrial sources, agricultural sources, and natural sources accounted for 33.0%, 27.7%, and 39.3% of TM accumulation in the soil, respectively. In the HRA model based on Monte Carlo simulation, noncarcinogenic risks were deemed negligible(hazard index <1), the carcinogenic risks were at acceptable level(10^(-6)<total carcinogenic risk ≤ 10^(-4)), with higher risks observed for children compared to adults. The relationship between TMs, their sources, and health risks indicated that urban and industrial sources were primarily associated with As, contributing to 75.1% of carcinogenic risks and 55.7% of non-carcinogenic risks, making them the primary control factors. Meanwhile, agricultural sources were primarily linked to Cd and Pb, contributing to 13.1% of carcinogenic risks and 21.8% of non-carcinogenic risks, designating them as secondary control factors.

Changes of China’s Status in the Global System and Its Influencing Factors:A Multiple Contact Networks Perspective

Clarifying China’s position in the global system is an important logical basis for developing national diplomacy.Although much research has been done on China’s development status,most studies have been based on country comparisons or institutional en-vironment.In today’s networked era in which the global economy,trade,personnel,and information are closely connected,studies on China’s global position and its status changes and influencing factors in multiple contact networks are still insufficient.In this study,from the perspective of diverse global contact networks,we constructed economic,cultural,and political influence indices to explore the changes and influencing factors on China’s status in the global system from 2005 to 2018.The results show that during the study period,China’s global influence in the fields of economic ties,cultural exchanges,and political contacts increased significantly,but its influ-ence in the fields of cultural exchanges and political contacts lagged far economic ties.The pattern of China’s economic influence on various economies around the world has shown a transformation from an‘upright pyramid’to an‘inverted pyramid’structure.The proportion of these economies in low-influence zones has decreased from more than 60%in 2005 to less than 20%in 2018.China’s cultural and political influence on various economies around the world has increased significantly;however,for the former,the percentage of high-influence areas is still less than 20%,whereas for the latter the percentage of these economies in medium-and high-influence areas is still less than 50%.Analyses such as a scatter plot matrix show that geographical proximity,economic globalization,close cooperation with developing countries,and a proactive and peaceful foreign policy are important factors in improving China’s status in the diverse global network system.

Understanding the Global Identification with China’s Stories: A Cross-Cultural Perspective

Cross-cultural storytelling is a primary way for humankind to seek mutual recognition of value orientations between cultures,which facilitates the ability to jointly address the problems of human existence in the context of globalization.In this study,we conducted an interview survey of 6,130 respondents who were college students or graduates from 107 countries.The results show that there were a number of cross-cultural values embodied in China’s stories seen by the respondents as part of a common vision for the future of humankind and widely identified guidance on collaborative responses to global challenges.These cross-cultural values are common prosperity,ecological harmony,individual-collective integration,the urgency of global peace,as well as respect for multicultural and indigenous development paths.

Spatio-temporal Variation Characteristics of Extreme Climate Events and Their Teleconnections to Large-scale Ocean-atmospheric Circulation Patterns in Huaihe River Basin,China During 1959–2019

Huaihe River Basin(HRB) is located in China’s north-south climatic transition zone,which is very sensitive to global climate change.Based on the daily maximum temperature,minimum temperature,and precipitation data of 40 meteorological stations and nine monthly large-scale ocean-atmospheric circulation indices data during 1959–2019,we present an assessment of the spatial and temporal variations of extreme temperature and precipitation events in the HRB using nine extreme climate indices,and analyze the teleconnection relationship between extreme climate indices and large-scale ocean-atmospheric circulation indices.The results show that warm extreme indices show a significant(P < 0.05) increasing trend,while cold extreme indices(except for cold spell duration) and diurnal temperature range(DTR) show a significant decreasing trend.Furthermore,all extreme temperature indices show significant mutations during 1959-2019.Spatially,a stronger warming trend occurs in eastern HRB than western HRB,while maximum 5-d precipitation(Rx5day) and rainstorm days(R25) show an increasing trend in the southern,central,and northwestern regions of HRB.Arctic oscillation(AO),Atlantic multidecadal oscillation(AMO),and East Atlantic/Western Russia(EA/WR) have a stronger correlation with extreme climate indices compared to other circulation indices.AO and AMO(EA/WR) exhibit a significant(P < 0.05) negative(positive)correlation with frost days and diurnal temperature range.Extreme warm events are strongly correlated with the variability of AMO and EA/WR in most parts of HRB,while extreme cold events are closely related to the variability of AO and AMO in eastern HRB.In contrast,AMO,AO,and EA/WR show limited impacts on extreme precipitation events in most parts of HRB.

Transitivity Analysis of the Energy in China’s New Era

At present,with the steady development of the global economy,more and more countries begin to pay attention to the impact of ecological environment on economic development and human society,so the ecological environment has become a global issue that cannot be ignored in today’s era.Therefore,from the perspective of the ecological philosophy of Diversity&Harmony as well as Interaction&Co-existence,this paper will conduct ecological discourse analysis on the Energy in China’s New Era based on the transitivity system of systemic-functional grammar,and use the Corpus analysis software UAM Corpus Tool 3.3x to label and make statistics on the transitivity system,aiming to explore the distribution characteristics of the transitivity system in this white paper.Through the transitivity analysis of the white paper,this study helps readers to have a deeper understanding of the positive significance contained in the white paper.To a certain extent,it enables readers at home and abroad to understand China’s stance on energy issues and the positive image of China in energy ecology.It also awaken readers’awareness of environmental protection and acquire good habits of resource conservation to be in harmony between human and nature for sustainable development.

Existence of Monotone Positive Solution for a Fourth-Order Three-Point BVP with Sign-Changing Green’s Function

This paper is concerned with the following fourth-order three-point boundary value problem , where , we discuss the existence of positive solutions to the above problem by applying to the fixed point theory in cones and iterative technique.

Analysis of New Senior English for China Student’s Book 1

This article will firstly discuss the context overview of English teaching and learning in China. Under thiscircumstance, a problematic element will be examined of the New Senior English for China Student’s Book 1 and critical appraisal ofhow this element relates to other elements of curriculum development will be analyzed. The recommended changes and demonstrationmechanisms for evaluating the changes are put forward in the last two parts.

Soil Nutrient Variance by Slope Position in a Mollisol Farmland Area of Northeast China

In order to generate scientifically-based comparative information to improve fertilization efficiency and reduce nutrient loss, 610 samples of 122 soil profiles were collected at the 0–60 cm depth to compare soil nutrient contents including soil organic matter(SOM), total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP), available phosphorus(AP), and available potassium(AK) among different slope positions in a Mollisol farmland area of Northeast China. The contents of SOM and TN typically decreased with increased soil depth at back and bottom slope. Soil loss and deposition tended to decrease SOM and TN at the 0–20 cm soil depth on both the back slope and the slope bottom. The TP firstly decreased from 0–20 cm to 30–40 cm, and then not constantly increased at the back slope and the bottom slope. Due to the characteristics of soil nutrients and crop absorption, the contents of both AP and AK were typically the highest at the summit, followed by the slope bottom and the back slope in the 0–20 cm layer. Generally, in order to sustain the high soil productivity and protect the environment, attention should be paid to soil conservation on back slope; in addition, additional N and P fertilizer is necessary on the back slope.

Sources of the Laoxiongdong carbonate-hosted Pb–Zn deposit in Southwest China:constraints from S–Pb–Zn isotopic compositions

The Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou(SYG)Pb-Zn mineral province,which has significant Pb-Zn repositories in China,is situated in the western Yangtze Block.Despite decades of research,the Pb-Zn source of deposits is still disputed between the basement rocks,sedimentary wall rocks,or the Emeishan flood basalts.The newly-discovered Laoxiongdong Pb-Zn deposit is hosted by the Late Ediacaran Dengying Formation in the SYG province.Moreover,the Laoxiongdong orebodies lie between regional deep faults and close to the Proterozoic basement and Emeishan basalts.Hence,this deposit represents a good case study on the ore-forming material source for the regional Pb-Zn mineralization.The Laoxiongdong Pb-Zn ores are massive,vein,or disseminated and have mainly sphalerite,galena,pyrite,quartz,and calcite.In this paper,we present new sulfide S-Pb-Zn isotope data of the deposit.The sulfideδ34SCDT values(+11.8 to+16.5‰)suggest that the reduced sulfur was mainly sourced from evaporites in the Late Ediacaran-Cambrian sequences.Pb isotopic ratios(206Pb/204Pb=18.004-18.107,207Pb/204Pb=15.652-15.667,and 208Pb/204Pb=38.037-38.248)suggest that the lead metal was primarily originated from the basement rocks.The sphaleriteδ66Zn values(+0.16 to+0.37‰)are also highly similar(within error)to those of basement rocks(+0.10 to+0.34‰),suggesting a basement-rocks zinc source with minor contributions from the carbonate host rocks and Emeishan flood basalts.The narrow sphalerite Zn isotopic range(0.21‰)also indicates that the Zn isotopic fractionation between the sphalerite and initial fluid was limited during the sphalerite ore precipitation.Therefore,we propose that both the Late Ediacaran Dengying Formation rocks and Proterozoic basement rocks were important ore-forming material source for the Laoxiongdong deposit,whereas the Emeishan flood basalts represent only a minor ore-material source.

Palaeogeographic Position of the South China Plate During the Early-Middle Devonian

In Guangxi, the Lower-Middle Devonian boundary beds yield abundant corals, brachiopods,stromatoporoids and conodonts. The former three were common in tropical and subtropical zones, while thelast occurred only round the equator. This reveals that the South China Plate in the Early-Middle Devonianwas at or near the equator, which was also supported by palaeomagnetic study giving the palaeolatitude of theGuangxi Region at the time to be 0°36′N.

Strategic Position and Roadmap of China's Renewable Energy

Fast-growing economy imposing higher requirement for energy industry During the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period,China's GDP grew at an average annual rate of 9.5%,and correspondingly the total volume of energy consumption grew at an average annual rate of 10.5%.

Reform of the World Trade Organization:Challenges, Progress, and China’s Position

Since the founding of the World Trade Organization(WTO), the high heterogeneity among its members and the difficulty of coordinating those members’ interests, coupled with the guiding principle of consensus decision-making, have repeatedly led WTO negotiations into deadlocks.Recently, the US, increasingly dissatisfied with the distribution of interests in the current international economic system, has been forcing its major trading partners to make concessions more frequently, using unilateral trade policies intended to reshape the global trade order. Thus, WTO reform is becoming even more complicated due to increased competition among great powers. Expanding regionalism is also likely to turn into a tool for geopolitical competition, posing a greater threat to the institutional basis of the multilateral trading system. China should support the multilateral trading system and guide reforms toward justice,inclusiveness, and openness. Furthermore, as it accelerates the pace of its own reform and opening up, China should narrow its divergence of rules with western countries within reasonable scope, ensure that due attention is given to the appeals of developing countries, and defend the goals and principles of the WTO.

On the Study of the Translator's Position in Traditional Translation Theories

In traditional translation theories, the author and the translator, the original text and the translated text are in the binary oppositions. Both author-centeredness and text-centeredness are in authoritative positions. Moreover, there are some incorrect viewpoints about the translator's position in the traditional translation theories. In this case, this paper will analyze the translator's position in the traditional translation theories comprehensively.

Study on the distribution characteristics of faults and their control over petroliferous basins in the China seas and its adjacent areas

As one of the main controlling factors of oil and gas accumulation,faults are closely related to the distribution of oil and gas reservoirs.Studying how faults control petroliferous basins is particularly important.In this work,we investigated the plane positions of major faults in the China seas and its adjacent areas using the normalized vertical derivative of the total horizontal derivative(NVDR-THDR)of the Bouguer gravity anomaly,the fusion results of gravity and magnetic anomalies,and the residual Bouguer gravity anomaly.The apparent depths of major faults in the China seas and its adjacent areas were inverted using the Tilt-Euler method based on the Bouguer gravity anomaly.The results show that the strikes of the faults in the China seas and its adjacent areas are mainly NE and NW,followed by EW,and near-SN.Among them,the lengths of most ultra-crustal faults are in the range of 1000–3000 km,and their apparent depths lie between 10 km and 40 km.The lengths of crustal faults lie between 300 km and 1000 km,and their apparent depths are between 0 km and 20 km.According to the plane positions and apparent depths of the faults,we put forward the concept of fault influence factor for the first time.Based on this factor,the key areas for oil and gas exploration were found as follows:the east of South North China Basin in the intracontinental rift basins;the southeast region of East China Sea Shelf Basin,the Taixinan and Qiongdongnan basins in the continental margin rift basins;Zhongjiannan Basin in the strike-slip pull-apart basins;the Liyue,Beikang,and the Nanweixi basins in the rifted continental basins.This work provides valuable insights into oil and gas exploration,mineral resource exploration,and deep geological structure research in the China seas and its adjacent areas.

Alignment of beam position monitors in cryomodule of CADS injector Ⅱ

Significant temperature difference(300-77 K or even 4 K) can cause large deformations and displacements of the beam position monitors(BPMs),which affect BPMs measurement resolution or even cause their malfunction in cryogenic situations.In this paper,to check the offset from the mechanical to electrical center in low temperature(77 K),Fourier's law and finite element method are used to simulate cryo-deformation.Laser tracker and micro-alignment telescope are employed in combined BPM calibration,installation and monitoring.The calibration error is<0.02 mm,and the installation and monitoring precision are 0.06 mm and 0.01 mm,respectively.The monitored cryo-deformation agrees well with the simulation results.These indicate that the combined alignment can improve performance of the BPM system.All these guaranteed the success of running the 9.55 MeV@2.14 mA cw protons.

Application of Lightning Monitoring and Positioning Data in Investigation and Identification of Lightning Disaster in Inner Mongolia

The lightning current magnitude and other characteristics are important basic data of the lightning disaster investigation and identification. The characteristics of lightning monitoring and positioning system in Inner Mongolia were introduced and studied in the lightning accident analysis based on the lightning monitoring and positioning data of the lightning stroke accidents. The positioning error of lightning monitoring and positioning system was analyzed. The results showed that lightning current intensity and the position precision were very important data in the lightning disaster investigation. Finally, a variety of meteorological data should be applied in the lightning disaster investigation and identification.

The Geology and Tectonic Settings of China's Mineral Deposits by Franco Pirajno

China is the third largest country in the world, with a land area of about 9.6 million km2. It is endowed with abundant mineral resources, and the metal mining activity can be traced back to ca. 8000 years ago. However, due to language barrier, little has been known about the geology and tectonics to the outside world until 1980s. In the last three decades, a great deal of knowledge has been gained, enhanced by a vigorous cooperation between Chinese and Western geologists. Research papers about geological, geochemical, and geochronological features of mineral deposits of China are widely published and cited in international journals. A comprehen- sive and comprehensible English literature that summarises the features of mineral deposits in China, however, is still lacking.