RETURNING CROSS-BORDER LOGISTICS TO NORMAL The reopening of Ruili,a city on the border of China and Myanmar,signals that cross-border trade between the two countries is poised to recover

After closing for 1,012 days due to the COVID-19 pandemic,the Jiegao border gate in Ruili City,south China’s Yunnan Province,reopened on January 8,2023.On January 14,traffic between Ruili and Muse in Myanmar resumed at the Ruili-Kyalgaung border crossing and the Sino-Myanmar Friendship Street crossing.Still,the Border Gate crossing remains closed.

CHINESE MEDIATION SMOOTHING THE SITUATION IN NORTHERN MYANMAR

Over a month has passed since the Three Brotherhood Alliance-an alliance between the Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army(MNDAA),the Ta’ang National Liberation Army(TNLA),and the Arakan Army(AA)-launched an offensive against Myanmar government forces in the Shan State of northern Myanmar on October 27,2023(Operation 1027).Recently,the Myanmar government held talks with representatives of the three ethnic minority armed groups involved in the conflict through mediation by China.

Identification of a Newly Isolated Getah Virus in the China-Laos Border,China

In this study, we isolated a virus strain （YN12031） from specimens of Armigeres subalbatus collected in the China-Laos border. BHK-21 cells infected with YN12031 exhibited an evident cytopathic effect （CPE） 32 h post-infection. The virus particles were spherical, 70 nm in diameter, and enveloped; they also featured surface fibers.

Genetic diversity of the msp-1,msp-2,and glurp genes of Plasmodium falciparum isolates along the Thai-Myanmar borders

Objective:To study the genetic diversity at the msp—1,msp—2,and glurp genes of Plasmodium falciparum(P.falciparum) isolates from 3 endemic areas in Thailand:Tak.Kanchanaburi and Ranong provinces.Methods:A total of 144 P.falciparum isolates collected prior to Irealmenl during January.2012 to June,2013 were genotyped.DNA was extracted:allele frequency and diversity of msp-1.msp-2,and glurp genes were investigated by nested polymerase chain reaction.Results:P.falciparum isolates in this study had high rate of multiple genotypes infection(96.5%)with an overall mean multiplicity of infection of 3.21.The distribution of allelic families of msp-1was significantly different among isolales from Tak.kanchanahnri.and Ranong but not for the msp-2.K1 and MAD20 were the predominant allelic families at the msp-1 gene,whereas alleles belonging to 3D7 were more frequent at the msp-2 gene.The glurp gene had the least diverse alleles.Population structure of P.falciparum isolates from Tak and Ranong was quite similar as revealed by the presence of similar proportions of MAD20 and K1 alleles at msp-1 loci.3D7 and FC27 alleles at msp-2 loci as well as comparable mean MOI.Isolates from Kanchanaburi had different structures;the most prevalent alleles were K1 and RO33.Conclusions:The present study shows that P.falciparum isolates from Tak and Ranong provinces had similar allelic pattern of msp—1 and msp—2 and diversity but different from Kanchanaburi isolates.These allelic variant profiles are valuable baseline data for future epidemiological study of malaria transmission and for continued monitoring of polymorphisms associated with antimalarial drug resistance in these areas.

The source mechanism solution for July 12,1995 earthquake with MS=7.3,on the boundary between China and Myanmar

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Paired Border Towns or TwinCities from Finland and China

This paper discusses cross-border cooperation at the level of urban socio-economic systems. Worldwide, cross-border urban cooperation has in several cases produced socio-economic and political coherence supported by various joint programs and efforts. However, the degree of coherence varies and seldom cre-ates socio-economically and politically tightly integrated "Twin-Cities" where the state border becomes highly transparent or ob-scure. Focusing on Finlan d and China, our aim is to identify whether the selected border towns represent coherent TwinCities or a more loose type of "paired border towns". The study uses an empirical examination of three Finnish towns (Helsinki, Tornio, Imatra) and their neighboring towns in Estonia, Sweden, and Rus-sia as a benchmark. Then, a comparative study is made regarding three Chinese cross-border cities facing Russia, Vietnam and Ka-zakhstan. We highlight the differences in cross-border integration from the viewpoint of shared public sector programs, cross-border enterprise relocation and networking, and integrated social sector in terms of labor market, education and shopping area.

Myanmar＇s Political Transition and the Adjustments of U Thein Sein Administra-tion＇s Policies towards China

During 2010-2011, Myanmar started its political transition. The U Thein SeinAdministration has made obvious policy adjustments towards China after it replaced the Mili-tary government. However, such adjustments were limited, as Myanmar hasn＇t totally lean tothe West, but keeping relatively closer political contact with China. Empirical analysis showsthat political institu6on and ideology are not the key reasons leading to such adjustments？China-Myanmar relations had undergone fluctuation, osdlla6on and stability during 2011-2016, the root causes of which are the legality of political power, national security based ongeopolitics and economic development demands of＂ Myanmar people. Moreover, those threefactors remain the primary considerations of the NLD Government when it handling relationswith China.

China Tourism and Culture Week Inaugurated in Myanmar

The China Tourism and Culture Week was inaugurated in Yangon on June 3, with the aim of deepening exchanges and cooperation in the sectors of tourism and culture as well as promoting friendship between peoples of the two countries.

NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN CHINA AND A NEW ERA OF CHINA-MYANMAR RELATIONS

The New Achievements of China’s Development When it comes to the new achievements of China’s development,I want to share a story that happened on the China-Myanmar border.Pan Gui,a 56-year-old villager from the Yao ethnic group in Jinping County,Yunnan Province,had been struggling with poverty for more than 30 years with his wife who worked in a small town on the China-Myanmar border.By this past May,the roughly 120,000 people in 27,000 households in Jinping County had all been lifted out of poverty,which brought tremendous changes to the lives of Pan Gui and his wife.They used to endure living under a leaky roof made of thin bamboo strips.To procure drinking water,they had to walk more than one hour into the mountains and bring down a heavy load.

Taw Kaung Min: Forever Paukphaw Friendship--A Chinese poem testifies to brotherly relations between China and Myanmar

In August 2015, I visited Beijing to attend the Awards Ceremony of the 9th Special Book Award of China. The Chinese government awarded me a Youth Award, which was recently introduced by China’s press and publication authority. I was one of five winners in this category.

Trade Continues to Grow on China's Borders

Many locals in Dongxing still like to tell the story of what happened during the Spring Festival in 1989.Swarms of Vietnamese,oblivious of the border trenches left from the war in 1979 and the freezing Beilun River,simply decided to come into Dongxing for the day.

Geological characterization and exploration potential of shale gas in the Carboniferous Jiusi Formation,northern Guizhou and Yunnan provinces,SW China

Dark mudstones and shales of the Carboniferous Jiusi Formation are widely developed in northern Guizhou and Yunnan provinces, SW China. However, the distribution, reservoir characterization, and exploration potential of organic-rich shales in this area are yet to be quantified, thus limiting the prospect of shale gas in this area. This study investigates the basic geological conditions of Jiusi shale gas, using core data, well-logs, and some other test data, obtaining the following results. The organic-rich shales are mainly composed of deltaic-to-shallow-shelf deposits, with thickness ranging from 0 to 450 m, and above 350 m around the subsidence center. The organic matter is mainly type Ⅱ kerogen with TOC content of mostly 1%–2%, indicating a moderate maturity. The argillaceous shale reservoirs are indicative of strong heterogeneity, high clay minerals content, low porosity, low permeability, high specific surface area, and relatively developed secondary porosity. The gas-log anomaly intervals obtained from the survey wells have a cumulative thickness that is apparently greater than 200 m, and a few shale intervals showing high desorbed and adsorbed gas contents. Due to complex structures in the study area, conditions responsible for shale gas occurrence and trapping are generally moderate. However, areas having wide and gentle folds with moderate depth of burial reveals relatively favorable conditions of hydrocarbon traps. In contrast with typical marine-continental transitional shales, the Jiusi shale have better geological conditions for shale gas preservation. The analysis of the geological framework and hydrocarbon potential of Carboniferous Jiusi Formation provide more insight for the exploration of Carboniferous shale gas in southern China.

多情景模拟下的跨境铁路运输时效研究——以中老铁路为例

跨境铁路运输是中国与周边国家陆路联通的重要环节。跨境铁路运输时效既受线路畅通情况、基础设施技术等级等“硬联通”因素的制约,也受到海关条例、口岸畅通水平等“软联通”因素的影响。因此,跨境铁路运输时效研究应充分考虑不同情景,以期更科学地模拟运输时长的变化机理。本文以中老铁路(中国昆明−老挝万象,简称中老铁路)为例,在梳理中老铁路沿线地区社会经济概况及基础设施发展水平的基础上,考虑不同运营速度、通关时间、铁轨换装、多式联运等因素,构建了长途跨境运输时间的计算模型,采用多情景模拟方法,解析了中老铁路运的优势距离及客货运时效变化。研究表明:①中老铁路有助于沿线跨境运输时间显著减少。相比公路运输,客货运时间优势均超过20%;②通关时间是影响跨境铁路运输的关键要素之一,占运输总时长的20%~60%;③铁海联运是中老铁路运输进一步提升运输效率的途径,能有效缩短老挝至日本的总运输时间。

中蒙农牧业跨境供应链协作理论框架及实现路径

中蒙农畜产品跨境贸易是中蒙跨境贸易的重要组成部分,须以中蒙农牧业跨境供应链为载体,通过供应链上各参与主体的充分协作,提高中蒙农畜产品跨境贸易的效率和质量。结合供应链协作理论以及中蒙农畜产品跨境贸易的特点,围绕中蒙农牧业跨境供应链协作目标、基础条件、协作机制以及协作模式,构建中蒙农牧业跨境供应链协作三角形理论分析框架。中蒙农牧业跨境供应链协作基础条件是两国农牧业跨境供应链协作的前提,协作机制解决两国农牧业跨境供应链协作的内在作用机理,协作模式解决两国农牧业跨境供应链如何协作,三者共同服务于协作目标,形成相互制约、相互影响、互促共融的完整理论框架。目前,中蒙农牧业跨境供应链协作存在着跨境贸易供需不足、渠道单一、政策障碍、市场主体运营不规范、信息不对称和融资障碍以及流通网络不健全等问题。中蒙农牧业跨境供应链协作要适度扩大农畜产品贸易的种类和规模,重视边民互市贸易,扩大边民互市贸易规模,加大草原保护及养殖技术创新力度、提高优质畜产品供给能力,加强农畜产品跨境电商合作、积极满足中蒙俄畜产品跨境贸易,优化贸易政策,制定统一的农畜产品标准和认证机制,重视品牌化战略、实现中蒙农牧业跨境供应链的价值提升,完善中蒙农牧业跨境物流通道和物流网络以及培育大型物流服务企业,构建中蒙农牧业跨境供应链信息平台等。

陆地边境口岸在中国式现代化建设中的功能

陆地边境口岸及其所在九省区是实现中国式现代化不可或缺的组成部分,具有极其重要的功能作用。其重要性主要表现在:陆地边境口岸是体现中国式现代化成果的展示窗口;中国陆地边境口岸的现代化能够体现中国式现代化的突出特征;陆地边境口岸所在边境九省区的现代化程度较低,影响和降低整体中国式现代化的速度和水平。其功能作用主要表现在:陆地边境所在省区和所有民众为中国式现代化提供了不可或缺的资源与力量;与东部省区水运口岸相比,陆地边境口岸及其所在省区的现代化在共同富裕方面发挥着不可替代的作用;与14个国家相邻的中国陆地边境口岸所在省区的现代化在与周边国家建立命运共同体过程中发挥着不可忽视的作用;中国式现代化建设的物质和精神成果通过99个边境口岸向外传播,体现中华文化包容和谐的价值观念。中国陆地边境口岸的现代化仍然有提升的空间,从战略层面来说,实施提升管控与开放相结合的边境管理模式;在持续推进边境现代化过程中传播中国式现代化理念、模式和效能;从实践层面来说,加快中国陆地边境口岸基础设施现代化建设;保持口岸所在边境省区人与自然和谐发展的农牧业发展;促进中国陆地边境口岸贸易现代化建设;加强以国门为核心的中华文化建设;深化中国边境口岸与对应国口岸的合作。

数据跨境流通规则博弈与中国应对

如何安全有效促进数据跨境流通和赢得数据跨境流通治理话语权主导权,成为各国博弈的焦点。当前,受各国数据治理理念,核心利益诉求,深层次个人数据安全、国家数据主权、数据跨境自由流通不可兼得的“三元悖论”以及传统数据治理手段制约,国际数据跨境流通领域形成多元治理机制并存、多套治理模板竞争、多轮博弈持续演进的博弈态势,以及数据跨境流通治理碎片化割裂化的局面。当前,我国以国家安全与数据跨境有序自由流动并重为基本特征的数据跨境流通治理主张,不仅契合我国发展实际,而且符合大多数发展中国家的愿望。总体而言,数据跨境流通治理中国方案是一种合意的数据跨境流通治理方案,但在具体实践中我国数据跨境流通治理依然存在一些短板,如有些规定不太合理导致企业数据跨境流通操作成本高、数据跨境流通治理参与度低导致数据跨境流通互操作性较差、与国际高标准数字经贸规则存在衔接障碍等,同时面临国际上异样的声音,甚至存在被污名化、被打压的风险,不利于数据跨境流通治理中国方案效力与国际影响力的提升。为在数据跨境流通治理领域赢得话语权主导权、推进数据跨境流通国际治理,我国应坚持多边主义,推动以联合国和WTO为主导的国际机制建设;推进“数字丝绸之路”建设,扩大中国方案影响力;加强双多边合作,增强数据跨境流通互操作性;对接高标准数字经贸规则,提高数据跨境流通治理能力。

阿拉山口口岸开放特征分析及对策建议

阿拉山口口岸位于我国新疆博尔塔拉蒙古自治州境内,是第二亚欧大陆桥中国段的西桥头堡,是我国向西开放的重要门户。本文先从自然资源和政策扶持两个角度,探讨了阿拉山口口岸开放的优势和机遇。其次,从口岸能力、综合保税区、中欧班列和外贸新模式等几个方面对阿拉山口口岸的开放特征进行分析。进一步地,研究得出目前阿拉山口口岸在政策落地实施、产业发展不平衡以及人才储备等方面存在不足。未来阿拉山口地区应该利用现有的政策红利,积极推动数字口岸建设、多功能物流基地建设和现代化产业链建设,以促进口岸从“通道经济”向“产业经济”的转型,有力带动博州以及周边地区的经济发展。

基于GTAP模型的中缅印度洋新通道贸易效应研究

中国-缅甸-印度洋海公铁联运新通道,是从中国西南地区打通印度洋出海通道的必经之路,其发展与“一带一路”孟中印缅经济走廊建设和中国西部沿边开放紧密关联。从贸易网络、贸易依赖度、竞争性和互补性等方面探究通道开通后沿线国家和地区间贸易规模、贸易结构和贸易壁垒的变动,揭示了沿线国家和地区贸易关系的特征和动态变化。根据运输成本对贸易的传导机制,采用GTAP模型,模拟预测中缅印度洋新通道在部分联通、全线贯通和路网形成三种不同情景下产生的贸易效应。研究发现:中缅印度洋新通道的开通将直接刺激沿线地区贸易规模增长,贸易条件显著改善,中国、缅甸和印度等国实际GDP和社会福利水平显著提升;随着物流成本下降和贸易网络深化,新通道促进贸易从高成本的域外地区向低成本的域内地区转移,重构区内贸易格局;新通道的开通将有利于推动中国与周边国家和地区形成产业链互补,促进区域经济一体化发展。

中哈跨界河流合作:进程、机遇与深化路径

中哈跨界河流合作机制以联合委员会为平台,在水文信息交换、水质保护、水量分配、水利工程合作等方面取得突出成果,中哈两国政治关系的提升、环委会的积极配合及“一带一路”倡议相关政策的支持是推进中哈跨界河流合作的主要因素;同时,中哈跨界河流合作机制也面临一系列挑战;制定切实有效的水资源分配规则,深化跨界河流环保合作,重视跨界含水层条约的签订,构建系统的跨界水合作制度以及多元化的水争端解决方法体系,并提升国际话语权引导国际舆论等是应对挑战,实现中哈跨界水资源可持续利用的关键。