Both national and local governments have been paying great attention to the work of industrial standardization with the enormous increase in international trade after China joined WTO. According to the standards r... Both national and local governments have been paying great attention to the work of industrial standardization with the enormous increase in international trade after China joined WTO. According to the standards revising plan of Standardization Administration Committee of China (SAC),TC54 has already revised a series of national standards and industrial standards for foundry operations,and proposed some new ones. As a result,some old fashioned standards containing low-level techniques have been gradually discontinued or replaced with new versions.……展开更多
Purpose:China has a long history of private school education.Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,nongovernmental education(private school education)once disappeared from Chinese society until its rev...Purpose:China has a long history of private school education.Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,nongovernmental education(private school education)once disappeared from Chinese society until its revival following the 3rd Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.With its development of more than four decades,nongovernmental education has become an important part of China’s educational system and is vigorously promoting the modernization progress of Chinese education.Design/Approach/Methods:Being different from the overseas private school education,which is mostly funded by donations,China’s nongovernmental education sector has operated on the basis of private capital investments and contributions,with the organizers(contributors)typically expecting economic returns.Marked by the introduction of regulations and policies for nongovernmental education around the year of 2016,China’s nongovernmental education sector officially entered a new era of registration,support,and regulation by category.Findings:The macroscopic policies of China’s nongovernmental education in new era present the following new characters:(Ⅰ)Emphasizing education provision as a public interest and comprehensively strengthening private school leadership;(Ⅱ)managing negative lists and broadening the means by which social forces participate in operating schools;(Ⅲ)implementing preferential policies for private schools through categories based on the principle of being fair but different;(Ⅳ)supporting the development of private schools with the goal of improving education quality;(Ⅴ)standardizing private schools’operating practices in order to promote healthy and orderly development.Originality/Value:The implementing of the new policies on nongovernmental education shall have significant impact on the development and reform of China’s nongovernmental education in the future:(1)The rapid development of nonprofit private schools due to government support;(2)for-profit private schools may face polarization in a fiercely competitive market environment;(3)heavy burden of categorizing and transferring existing stock of schools due to various historical and realistic constraints.展开更多
文摘 Both national and local governments have been paying great attention to the work of industrial standardization with the enormous increase in international trade after China joined WTO. According to the standards revising plan of Standardization Administration Committee of China (SAC),TC54 has already revised a series of national standards and industrial standards for foundry operations,and proposed some new ones. As a result,some old fashioned standards containing low-level techniques have been gradually discontinued or replaced with new versions.……
文摘Purpose:China has a long history of private school education.Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,nongovernmental education(private school education)once disappeared from Chinese society until its revival following the 3rd Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.With its development of more than four decades,nongovernmental education has become an important part of China’s educational system and is vigorously promoting the modernization progress of Chinese education.Design/Approach/Methods:Being different from the overseas private school education,which is mostly funded by donations,China’s nongovernmental education sector has operated on the basis of private capital investments and contributions,with the organizers(contributors)typically expecting economic returns.Marked by the introduction of regulations and policies for nongovernmental education around the year of 2016,China’s nongovernmental education sector officially entered a new era of registration,support,and regulation by category.Findings:The macroscopic policies of China’s nongovernmental education in new era present the following new characters:(Ⅰ)Emphasizing education provision as a public interest and comprehensively strengthening private school leadership;(Ⅱ)managing negative lists and broadening the means by which social forces participate in operating schools;(Ⅲ)implementing preferential policies for private schools through categories based on the principle of being fair but different;(Ⅳ)supporting the development of private schools with the goal of improving education quality;(Ⅴ)standardizing private schools’operating practices in order to promote healthy and orderly development.Originality/Value:The implementing of the new policies on nongovernmental education shall have significant impact on the development and reform of China’s nongovernmental education in the future:(1)The rapid development of nonprofit private schools due to government support;(2)for-profit private schools may face polarization in a fiercely competitive market environment;(3)heavy burden of categorizing and transferring existing stock of schools due to various historical and realistic constraints.
