Private banking development in China under two organizational structures:Economic analysis from an organizational innovation perspective

This paper investigates optimal decisions for private banking development in China under two innovative organizational structures—the big retail mode(BRM)and the independent development mode(IDM).Under the BRM,the retail and private banking divisions form a cooperative relationship wherein the former transfers highnet-worth customers to the latter.In addition,retail banking receives a share of private banking revenues.We investigate the optimal revenue-sharing ratio between the two divisions and the optimal effort by private banking to serve transferred customers within the cooperative relationship.The analytical results show that as the private banking division becomes more developed,the optimal revenue-sharing ratio decreases,and the private banking division’s optimal effort to serve transferred customers decreases because it puts more effort into acquiring new customers.Under the IDM,the two divisions form a competitive relationship since they compete to acquire customers independently.We investigate customer acquisition efforts in this interdivisional competition.Optimal customer acquisition efforts by both divisions increase in potential assets and rates of return.This paper contributes to the literature by(1)analyzing financial innovation by private banks from an organizational perspective;(2)providing an economic analysis for private banking development in China.

Financial Services Costs in Poland＇s Cooperative Banking in Opinion of Small and Medium-size Enterprise

In their development strategy, Poland＇s cooperative （co-op） banks should equally consider the competition and the rising expectations of their clientele. According to bank customers, an essential element of customer satisfaction--which ties into their loyalty--is the cost of financial services. Currently, delivering a comfortable level of costs for financial services appears to be one of the key verifiers of a bank＇s offer, especially in a slowed economy. An effort was made to assess the satisfaction level of Poland＇s co-op bank clients from the small and medium enterprise （SME） sector based on costs for services offered by said banks. The study indicated that 2/3 of the clientele was dissatisfied with high financial service and operation charges and low interest rates on current funds deposited by businesses. Co-op banks were able to deliver satisfactory interest rates for working capital loans in current accounts to over 60% of their clientele.

Seminar on Promoting China-Philippine People-to-People Exchanges and Cooperation Held in Beijing

On October 14th,Seminar on Promoting ChinaPhilippine People-to-People Exchanges and Cooperation co-sponsored by the Chinese Association for International Understanding(CAFIU)and China Foundation for Peace and Development(CFPD)was held in Beijing.Besides 9 members of the delegation of the Philippine Center of Young Leaders in Governance(PCYL)who were visiting China at the invitation

China-LAC Cooperation Gains New Momentum

China-LAC trade volume has risen more than 20 times in the past decade,and reached269 billion US dollars in2014.China has become the secondlargest trade partner of the LAC and largest trade partner of Brazil,Chile and other LAC countries.What the influence will economically-transforming China exert on LAC economy?How will ChinaLAC trade and economic relationship diversify?What new elements will emerge in the corporate

The Impact of Corporate Governance on Banks Performance and Loan Quality： Evidence From Italian Cooperative Banks

In the banking system, a context characterized by growing instability and by the speed of evolution of business dynamics, the system of corporate governance plays a key role, both for large banks and for banks with a smaller size. The paper aims to investigate the influence of corporate governance of the banks that operate in the cooperative credit system on performance and quality of loans, over the years 2010-2011-2012. In order to achieve this aim, the following research hypotheses have been formulated： There is a statistically significant relationship between the size and the structure of the board and banks Performance operating in the cooperative credit system; there is a statistically significant relationship between the size and structure of the board and the credit quality of banks operating in the cooperative credit system. The analysis is conducted on a sample composed of 48 Italian banks, divided into 24 cooperative banks and 24 popular banks. The sample is made up of banks from all over Italy and very different in terms of dimension. For the sample construction, data relative to governance of banks were collected from the balance sheets in the period from June to August 2014. Financial-economic data were collected from the Financial Statements and from Bankscope database. The methodology of analysis is based on multivariate OLS （ordinary least squares） regression models. The main results refer to the presence of significant relationships between board dimension and the quality of loans and among the number of committees and performance and the quality of loans. The presence of a significant and negative relationship between the board dimension and the ratio of impaired loans to gross loans indicates the possibility that enlargement of board dimension allows a better quality of loans. The presence of a positive relationship between the number of committees and the ratio of impaired loans to gross loans signals the possibility that a greater number of committees can produce a worse quality of loans. The presence of a negative relationship between the number of committees and bank performance suggests to limit and manage the complexity of governance in banks operating in the cooperative credit system.

Effective Management of Own Funds in Polish Cooperative Banks

Today cooperative banks belong to the most significant financial institution in the world. Moreover, they can compete with commercial banks. The own funds of the cooperative bank are important in their activity. The main goal of this paper is to investigate how much the level of the own funds of the Polish cooperative banks influenced their efficiency. The research pertained to operating cooperative banks in Poland. The following measures of the efficiency were used in the research： return on Equity （ROE）, net profit, index C/I, and financial margin. The results of the study indicate that banks from the Quartile III （highest aggregate own funds）, had the highest net profits, the highest ROE, the lowest C/I value, the lowest ROE, and the lowest financial markups. On this basis, it remains to be recommended that banks of highest aggregate own funds continue expansion of own funds which will increase lending capacity and subsequently contribute to higher effectiveness.

International Economic Cooperation (Monthly)

International Economic Cooperation, sponsored by the International Economic Cooperation Research Institute under the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation, is an authoritative, directive monthly covering foreign economic cooperation in China. The journal has 20 sections, including transnational management, contract engineering, joint venture and Cooperation, economic and trade practice, top-level information, the World Economy, Labour Cooperation, International Finance, and International Marketing, and it is

China Eyes Closer Environmental Cooperation with Arab States

China is seeking closer environmental cooperation with Arab States driven by the strategy of 'One Belt and One Road'.'Co-building and greenization of ’One Belt and One Road’ will provide new opportunities and contents for China-Arab states cooperation。

中国参与亚洲区域组织的实践:发展历程、经验教训与未来展望

中国参与亚洲区域组织实践的发展历程,可以分为参与学习期、主动有为期和积极影响期三个阶段。中国参与亚洲区域组织实践的成就主要体现在倡导成立了上海合作组织和亚洲基础设施投资银行、开创了区域治理的新模式、推动了区域合作格局的调整和促进区域合作,以及催生了新的国际机制等方面。中国参与亚洲区域组织实践的成功经验主要有:坚持开放的区域主义,坚持本国利益诉求与区域稳定发展相统一,谋求地区和平发展与参与全球治理有机结合。中国参与亚洲区域组织实践的教训主要包括:大国协调能力有待进一步加强、制度创设能力有限等。未来中国参与亚洲区域组织实践,应重点推动亚洲命运共同体的构建、进一步完善亚洲区域争端解决机制以及寻找多层次的亚洲区域治理方案等。

工科大学生“双创”教育工程实践模式研究

基于新时代对工科大学生的素质能力要求,进行创新创业工程教育实践模式改革,提出并实践“学校主导、企业落地、行业引领、保险护航”多方协同的工程实践新方法,即高校具体专业对接创新创业教育新要求,搭建学校、企业与研究所等校内外实践平台,邀请行业学会与企业、行业专家共同论证、制订实践方案,引入商业保险机制,定制企业、学生与指导教师的交通意外保险与意外伤害保险。实践结果表明,新型“双创”教育实践模式提升了工科大学生的创业就业竞争力,为大学生创业就业提供了有益借鉴。

南亚区域合作联盟的粮食银行与粮食安全合作

南亚次大陆一直以来是世界上最贫困的区域之一,粮食安全问题尤为严峻。在南亚区域合作联盟的协调下,各成员国进行了粮食安全方面的合作,这种合作以粮食银行为核心,辅之以种子银行、技术合作、信息交流等方式。粮食银行旨在充当南盟成员国在粮食危机等紧急情况下的区域粮食安全储备,为各个成员国的粮食安全工作提供区域支持,促进国家间伙伴关系和区域一体化,通过集体行动解决成员国乃至区域的粮食短缺问题。可以说,粮食银行就是通过制度合作的途径,借助集体行动,来确保该区域的粮食和营养安全。粮食储备合作已成为南亚区域合作的重要内容。尽管开展了一系列实践活动,取得了一些成就,但仍存在一些问题,比如缺乏成熟的政府主导型粮食储备体系、耕地质量合作项目推行力度不足、合作涉及的粮食种类较少等。这些问题暴露了南盟成员国现阶段合作的深度与广度的不足。造成这一局面的原因是多方面的,成员国之间在多个维度都存在差异和挑战。未来只有通过不断深化合作,解决存在的问题,南亚区域的粮食安全才可能得到有效保障。

政策性农业信贷担保的效果与机制:基于银担互动有效性的解释

政策性农业信贷担保是缓解农业融资难融资贵、强化乡村振兴资金保障的有效工具。基于近年来我国政策性农业信贷担保快速发展的典型事实,构建银担有效互动及其促进农业发展的理论解释框架,对比分析不同担保模式下银担互动有效性的差异。在此基础上,以我国农业总产值和政策性担保业务规模“双第一”大省为研究对象,匹配县域政策性农业信贷担保数据,实证检验政策性农业信贷担保的效果和内在机制。研究发现,政策性农业信贷担保能够显著增强银担互动有效性,提升农业发展水平,该结论在一系列稳健性检验后仍然成立。内在机制检验结果显示,政策性农业信贷担保在供给、需求双向赋能背景下使得银行和担保机构形成更加充分有效的互动,通过融资边界拓宽效应、放款规模扩大效应、融资门槛降低效应、银担合作黏性强化效应等对农业信贷融资产生积极影响,进而有力促进农业发展。异质性分析表明,政策性农业信贷担保的效果与金融可得性、农业发展水平、县域政策支持力度等因素密切相关。

“两山合作社”原理:以绿色发展理念引领新型合作经济发展

“两山”绿色发展理念和“三位一体”合作经济构想,是内在贯通、相辅相成的。近年来出现的“两山银行”“生态银行”,在核心逻辑、运行机制、法理安排上还需梳理和规范。合作社及联合社,是天然的“两山银行”载体,亦可称为“两山合作社”。发展“两山合作社”,就要兼容集体经济产权制度,构建合作经济组织体系,实现资源整合、资产整合和资金整合,创设专门的交易工具,善用非营业信托方式。“两山合作社”与“三位一体”合作经济中的信用合作密切相关。发展“三位一体”合作经济,就要坚持合作经济基本原则;打破部门藩篱,防止“异化”和“矮化”;创新信用合作机制,着重弥补金融短板;利用金融科技,实现数字化与合作化的相互促进;强化以消费者为主体的社区消费合作;运用系统集成的方法论。在加强全面深化改革开放各项措施系统集成的大背景下,应当统筹推进“两山合作社”和“三位一体”合作经济改革创新,走出一条具有中国特色、符合中国实际的合作经济发展道路。

学分银行助力职业教育改革策略分析

在新时代的发展大潮中,职业教育作为我国经济社会发展的重要支柱,肩负着为各行各业培养所需技能人才的神圣使命。建设现代化经济体系,已经成为历史的必然趋势,产业升级和经济结构调整对技能型人才的需求愈发迫切。因此,职业教育的现代化程度直接关系到国家的现代化进程。为了解决职业教育中存在的问题,学分银行制度应运而生,其旨在模拟银行的运作机制,对学习者的学习成果进行认定、积累与转换,从而搭建起一座通往终身教育的立交桥。基于此,全面探讨学分银行助力职业教育改革的策略,以期推动我国职业教育持续发展。

基于学分银行制度和智慧职教平台的高职畜牧兽医专业人才培养模式研究

研究在校企合作基础上,以智慧职教和职教云作为学习平台,以学分银行的学习方式作为指导思想,对畜牧兽医企业不同岗位的工作内容进行拆分和归纳,进而整理成可用以兑换学分的认证基础单元,按照学习者的工作或学习需求进行组合,构建基于校企合作背景下学分银行制度的高职畜牧兽医专业课程体系和人才培养模式。通过此模式学习者可根据自己的岗位需求或知识需求进行灵活学习,将学习成果进行存储,进而进行学分累计和兑换。

金融科技发展能否促进银行创新--信息赋能与产业竞争的视角

以金融科技为核心的数字化战略已成为中国金融体制改革的关键。金融科技能否发挥技术驱动金融创新的作用是一个值得探究的问题。本文选取2011-2019年中国177家商业银行面板数据,考察金融科技发展对中国商业银行创新的影响。研究发现,金融科技发展显著提升了商业银行的创新水平,使用工具变量法、Heckman两步法等缓解内生性后,结果依然稳健。机制分析结果表明,金融科技一方面缓解了银行个体面临的信息难题,提高了商业银行的创新“能力”,另一方面促进了产业层面的竞争度,增强了商业银行的创新“意愿”,这两种力量共同推动了金融创新水平的提升。异质性分析结果表明,较城市商业银行和农村商业银行而言,大型国有银行和股份制银行利用金融科技提高创新能力的作用更加明显;商业银行与研发团队规模大、创新能力强的金融科技公司合作,创新效应更为显著。进一步研究发现金融科技在促进金融创新的同时并没有放大银行风险。因此,本文认为作为全球金融科技发展领先的国家之一,中国应积极推动金融科技健康、有序发展。通过金融创新的不断深化,增强金融体系服务实体经济的能力,以解决不平衡不充分的发展问题。

金融科技的“借船出海”战略能改善城商行盈利能力吗?——基于城商行对外合作的准自然实验研究

本文以2013~2019年89家城市商业银行的数据为样本,构建多期双重差分模型,研究与外部金融科技企业合作对城商行盈利能力的影响与机理。研究发现:城商行与外部金融科技企业合作后其盈利能力得到显著提升。机制分析表明:合作带来的“开源效应”与“节流效应”均是有效的。异质性分析表明:合作带来的促进效用对总部位于东部地区和已设立直销银行的城商行更加明显。

积极老龄化背景下N市时间银行可持续发展的“三支柱”路径研究

为了解时间银行互助养老服务模式的发展情况,在N市进行问卷调查和实地调研,了解到当前N市时间银行还处在探索发展期,存在志愿者数量少,普及度低,服务质量不高,养老数据难以互通互联等问题。为此,提出在积极老龄化背景下,可通过“三支柱”,即全民健康、社会参与和政策保障3个维度,构建N市时间银行养老模式的优化路径,将时间银行本土化发展打造成N市特色并且形成N市经验。

基于银保合作的企业融资决策博弈复杂性研究

依据我国目前融资的实际情况,结合中小企业贷款保证保险,依托动态演化博弈模型和非线性动力学理论,探究了中小企业贷款保证保险参与中小企业融资对供应链决策的影响.研究结果表明,核心企业还款概率的提高可以有效提高供应链效率,但由于供应商策略对制造商策略有较大影响,因此决策者在长期动态重复博弈过程中应采取恰当的调整策略,以避免系统进入混沌状态.最后,通过引入延迟反馈控制策略,也可以对混沌系统进行有效调控.

新时代农民专业合作社的历史方位及其促进产业发展的内在特性——以世行贷款贫困片区产业扶贫试点示范项目为例

合作社是适应我国社会主义初级阶段的一种农村经济组织方式。在新时代乡村振兴中承担着组织小农户的历史重任,但在探索中国式农业农村现代化进程中,它不可能包打天下,要避免小马拉大车的不可承受之重。为此,我们从经济发展趋势性要求和社会制度性要求两个趋向出发,对农民专业合作社发展的历史方位进行辨析,对其存在的历史地位及其作用影响进行恰当定位。借鉴世行六期贷款贫困片区产业扶贫试点示范项目,具有很大的借鉴意义。一个合作社的良性发展,要有契合实地的根植性、注重利益连接的内生性、能够兼容并蓄的拓展性,如此才能在实践中逐步规范壮大。因此,要尊重农户社员的首创精神,给予基层合作社更大的弹性活动空间,探寻合作社在新时代发展的适宜路径。