Specialization or Diversification:Which is More Conducive to Foreign Trade Resilience?Evidence from China-Russia Border Regions in Northeast China

Under the background of complex international situation,how to build the special geo-economic space of China-Russia bor-der lies in strengthening their foreign trade resilience against external shocks.Based on empirical evidence from ten prefecture-level China-Russia border regions in Northeast China,this paper analyzed the spatiotemporal evolution of foreign trade resilience under different shocks.Furthermore,through the Panel Regression model,the mechanism of the industrial structure on the foreign trade resilience in contraction period and expansion period was discussed.The results showed that:1)from 2004 to 2021,foreign trade in China-Russia border regions experienced five phases.The overall foreign trade resilience was higher than expected,showing a rising volatility trend,but there was significant spatial heterogeneity in the ability of cities to cope with shocks.2)Highly specialized clusters were mainly concentrated in Yichun,Heihe and Da Hinggan Ling Prefecture,while Mudanjiang and Yanbian performed better in related and unrelated diversification.3)In different stages of economic system evolution,the response mode,degree and result of border foreign trade resilience to regional industrial structure showed obvious stage characteristics.During the contraction period,related diversification was more conducive to improving the resistance through risk spillovers.During the expansion period,specialization played a more significant role in improving regional resilience through self-reinforcing effect.These results are beneficial for expanding the resilience theory,ensuring border economic security and optimizing border industrial investment layout.

Enhancement of Competitiveness of Border Trade Entrepreneurs: Case Study of Su-Ngai Kolok Checkpoint, Narathiwat Province

This research aimed to analyze the enhancement of competitiveness among fruit and vegetable export entrepreneurs,with the case study of the Su-ngai Kolok checkpoint in Narathiwat Province.This research focused on three objectives:(1)examining how competitiveness is enhanced through government support and the development of border trade zones,(2)studying the supply chain dynamics,including strategic factors and opportunities in agricultural product management,and(3)developing a model for border trade to strengthen exporters’capabilities.The research employed qualitative methods,with data collected from 25 informants through interviews and employed descriptive methods.The research results revealed that:(1)government agencies play a crucial role in improving competitiveness by developing border economic zones and trade policies;additionally,(2)the research highlighted the importance of strategic partnerships,network building,and efficient logistics along the value chain;(3)the proposed Border Trade Model includes elements for instance government policy,partnerships,entrepreneurial potential,and transportation channels,aiming to enhance the overall efficiency and effectiveness of vegetable and fruit exporters in the region.

Cross-border E-commerce: New Engine for Foreign Trade Development

The COVID-19 pandemic has stimulated the digital transition of global foreign trade and China’s cross-border e-commerce has been growing markedly.Data shows that the total foreign trade carried out through cross-border e-commerce amounted to RMB 1.69 trillion in 2020,up by 31.1%from the previous year.

Challenges Facing Zimbabwean Cross Border Traders Trading in South Africa： A Review of Literature

Cross border traders make a major contribution to the growth of economies in Southern Africa. Cross border trade is a source of livelihood for many poor people, especially women. However, few studies examined challenges facing cross border traders and future business prospects.The aim of this paper is to examine the challenges that face Zimbabwean cross border traders in South Africa. The paper goes further to review existing literature as well as empirical studies in order to identify the major challenges that face Zimbabwean cross border traders. Among the challenges noted are crime, harassment due to xenophobia, traders are often stigmatized as ＂prostitutes＂ or ＂smugglers＂, accommodation problems, extortion and bribery by the South African Police and municipal police officials, delays at the border post during peak periods and banks that close early and also do not operate on Sundays. The Zimbabwean Cross Border Traders Association should build office in Musina and Johannesburg so that members can easily consult with the association in times of problems and also help with marketing information like distribution of brochures showcasing Zimbabwean products sold by cross border traders and also organize fairs where Zimbabwean traders can display their products. Furthermore cases of harassment by police officials should be investigated and dealt with. Banks that do have branches at the border posts are also urged to provide 24 hour service to cross border traders.

Cross-border E-commerce Remains A Strong Engine of China’s Foreign Trade

The foreign trade industry in China had a good start in general this year,thanks to the rapid growth in cross-border e-commerce.The 2022 China Cross Border E-Commerce Market Data Report was released at the cross-border e-commerce roundtable meeting held on March 30th this year,indicating that cross-border e-commerce made a contribution of 37.32%to China’s total import and export trade value in goods(RMB 42.07 trillion)in 2022.

Influences of Border Carbon Adjustments on China's Foreign Trade

The EU, the United States and other economies, with the intention to implement unilateral trade measures Border Carbon Adjustments, impose emission reduction pressure on developing countries. Once implemented, the measures will have great impact on China's foreign trade. Using the input-output table in 2007, this paper had analyzed the influences on China's foreign trade as a whole and sub-sectors in three tax rates scenarios. The results showed that the tariff level of China's exports will increase by 3.6%-6.3% if the tax was levied on exports embodied emissions, and by 1.0%-1.7% if levied on export direct emissions. In 2007, the former total amount of carbon tax was about US$42.6-73.0 billion, 4 times that of the latter. Based on export embodied emissions, sectors largely influenced were non-traditional energy intensive ones, such as textile, et al. These sectors should be encour-aged to carry out industrial upgrading, raising the value-added of export goods, and reducing their embodied emissions by reduction of energy intensity. Taking into account of the complexity of data collection, the tax levied on products direct emission is more operational. The results showed that the five top sectors most affected were other chemical materials, processing of petroleum and nuclear fuel, coking, smelting and rolling of ferrous metal and textile. Most of them were energy intensive sectors. Therefore, adjusting export products structure, and controlling too fast development of energy intensive industries are also important strategies in China.

BORDER TRADE BOOMS IN TIBET——An Interview With Director Benba

Benba,38,is Director ofthe BorderTrade Bureau of the TibetAutonomous Region.Born andbrought up in Xigaze,he talkedabout booming border trade in Tibet duringmy recent interview.

Trade Continues to Grow on China's Borders

Many locals in Dongxing still like to tell the story of what happened during the Spring Festival in 1989.Swarms of Vietnamese,oblivious of the border trenches left from the war in 1979 and the freezing Beilun River,simply decided to come into Dongxing for the day.

E-Trade时代传统跨境贸易人民币结算实例分析

进入21世纪,网络技术蓬勃发展,呈现出高效率、开放性、互动性、全球性、多元性、经济性与便捷性的特点,电子商务随之盛行,跨境电商兴起。近几年,虽然跨境电商发展速度很快,但是传统跨境贸易中国际货物贸易仍然占据着主要地位。传统跨境贸易中,货款结算是买卖双方最为关心的一个环节,使用哪种支付方式?电汇、托收和信用证究竟哪个更合适?如何选择支付货币?人民币跨境结算是否有利?借助中建材国际贸易有限公司跨境贸易实例,分析传统跨境贸易人民币跨境结算的益处,提出企业在运用人民币跨境结算时应注意的问题。

BORDER PORT MANZHOULI:URBAN FUNCTION AND SPACE DEVELOPMENT

Manzhouli is the largest land port city on the Sino-Russia border,transit cargo through the land port amount -ed to 5.95million tons,transit tour ists were 304500in 2000.It stands at the joint place of China,Mongolia an d Russi-a,faces to Siberia area of Russia,re ceives direct support from the North east China and Bohai Sea Rim Area,and possess-es priorities in geographical location,land port infrastructure,wate r resources,coal resources,touris t resources and great potentiality in economic coop eration with Russia.The future urban function is a key port on the First Eurasia Continen-tal Bridge.Manzhouli Port will keep its first place between China and Russia land transport,and it is forecasted that the transit amount through Manzhouli Port will go up to 10million tons in 2005and 20million tons in 2010.It will be construct-ed to be a trade center of the peripheral area extending to Russia and Mongolia,a key export-oriented processing industri-al zone supported by industries such as export processing industries,export agriculture,trade services,t echnology trad-ing and the other service industries.It keeps being a well-known touring city for trade,shopping,sightseeing,vocation,local food,recreation and cultural events.To build Manzhouli Export Pr ocessing Industry Zone will improve city econom-ic structure,and the main sectors are organic food processing,livestock products processing,garment and f urniture indus-try.Moreover,Manzhouli Export Pro cessing Industry Zone will eventually be upgraded to be a border free trad e zone.The city functional transition will inevitably affect urban spatial restructure and its expansion.The city space transforma-tion will develop as such:one develo pment axis of No.301highway paralle ling with Bin -Zhou(Harbin -Manzhouli)rail-way which cuts through central part o f Manzhouli City,and links Zhalainuoer District with central city;thre e urban units including central city,Zhalainuoer District and Manzhouli Interchange Trade Zone;cohesion with Aoerjin a nd Cuogang pastures;regional dual-nuclei str ucture of Hailaer City and Manhzouli City;and the Manzhouli-Zabaykalsk Free Trade Zone.

The use of renminbi for trade and non-trade denomination and settlement

The use of renminbi for invoicing and settlement intermediaries in foreign-oriented activities is the first step and footstone of internationalization of the Chinese currency. With the appreciation of renminbi in recent years, there has been a growth of renminbi invoicing and settlement in China’s border trades, although the overall amount is small and the development momentum is imbalanced among different regions. The main obstacles come from such factors as VAT rebate policy restrictions and foreign exchange control, insufficient financial services, and under-cultivated willingness among enterprises. Looking from the strategic perspective of strengthening macro-adjustment and enhancing the open economy, it is pressing and would be beneficial to China to promote the renminbi’s invoicing and settlement function. Therefore, following the momentum, we should accelerate the construction of a cross-border renminbi clearing system, create non-discriminative treatment in terms of VAT rebate and exchange control policies, and gradually expand the usage of the renminbi from border trades to general trades and outward investment.

CONCEPTION OF ESTABLISHING THE SINO-RUSSIAN BORDER FREE ECONOMIC REGION

So called free economic region is a special region without jurisdiction of customs, delimited by one country. There are mainly four types of free economic region, that is, commercial type of free economic region —free port, industrial type of free economic region — export processing area, integrated commercial and trade type of free economic region — free trade zone, and scientific and technological type of free economic region — scientific industrial park. With the development of free economic region of different countries, besides free economic region within one country, there appear transnational border free economic region established by two or multiple countries. Analysing favorable factors and unfavorable factors to establish the free economic region for China and Russia, for example, China and Russia have land boundary line of 4282.7 km; China and Russia may strengthen overall cooperation in politics, military, economy, science and technology, culture, etc. making full use of geographical factors of the two countries, borders; there is a strong complementarity in resources, labour force etc. for China and Russia; strengthening the Sino Russian economic trade cooperation is needed, the authors proposed a conception and selected four comparative ideal locations for establishing the Sino Russian border free economic region: Manzhouli Zabaikalye Free Economic Region, Heihe Blagoveshchensk Free Economic Region, Suifenhe Pogranichnyy Free Economic Region, Hunchun Hasan Free Economic Region. Finally the principles and patterns for establishing free economic region are discussed.

PRESENT SITUATION，FEATURE AND DEVELOPMENTAL IDEAS OF BORDER OPENING IN XINJIANG

Xinjiang, the largest province region in China,is located in the northwest of China.There are eight countries,such as Kazakhstan etc.that surround around Xinjiang. There are long land border lines and many developable passes. Under the direction of total national development strategy of coastal and border opening, considering the advanced condition of location,the new spatial frontier trade pattern of 'multilevel and all-round position' has initially been formed.That is,to develop westwards market in Middle Asia,to enlarge southwards market in Pakistan and to open up northwards market in Mongolia.The great progress of border opening has been made in Xinjiang.At present, Xinjiang is catching the opportunity to adjust the industrial structure and regional allocation,enhance horizontal economic combination and cooperation,and strengthen the infrastructures construction.Therefore more solid material foundation ofborder opening will be formed for further enlarging.

Crossborder Ecommerce Value to See Heady Growth?

China’s cross border ecommerce value is expected to reach 6.5 trillion yuan by 2016,along with the consecutive growth of the industry,estimated by iResearch,a leading organization focusing on research in China’s internet industry,based on Chinese government’s firm support and solid development that the industry has made.

Cross-border E-CommerceWorks Against the Negative In fluenceCaused by the Pandemic

The sudden COVID-19 virus outbreak has disrupted the normalcy of social and economic lives across the world,and has dealt a heavy blow to the already sluggish world economy.Cross-border e-commerce is also faced with multiple difficulties.On March 22,the first cross-border e-commerce development online platform was held by the China Service Trade Association,the China Cross-border E-commerce 50-people Forum and the World Cross-border E-commerce Research Institute.The forum was designed to discuss how to alleviate the impact of the virus and achieve better development in these troubling times.

Research on the Optimization of Teaching System of International Economy and Trade

Taking the construction of new liberal arts as a background,this paper proposes that the international economy and trade major should optimize the teaching system and personnel training mechanism by adding the new cross-border e-commerce direction.This paper highlights the development path of high-quality international economy and trade professional training,and further ensures the first-class talent training and first-class professional construction specialty.

我国跨境电商发展水平及影响因素研究

从发展实力和发展潜力维度,测度我国内地31个省份跨境电商发展水平,探讨价格机制、扶持机制和竞合机制对我国跨境电商发展的作用程度。结果表明:(1)2013—2022年我国跨境电商发展水平呈小幅增长趋势,其规模增长在一定程度上改变了我国传统对外贸易形式,但并未从根本上实现我国对外贸易的新突破。(2)与跨境电商发展实力相比,我国跨境电商发展潜力在全球经济下行压力、中美贸易摩擦以及新冠疫情背景下仍平稳增长,地区差距缩小,但信息化、科技化发展的省际差距在短期内难以弥补。(3)对跨境电商发展的影响程度由低到高依次是价格机制、竞合机制和扶持机制,经营成本、贸易摩擦负向显著影响跨境电商发展水平,政府政策对其正向影响程度偏弱,跨境电商政策效果尚未充分显现。

“一带一路”贸易便利化的十年进展、问题分析与推进路径

共建“一带一路”走过了蓬勃十年,它不仅是中国新时代扩大对外开放的总抓手,而且为国际社会提供了重要合作平台。贸易畅通是共建“一带一路”的核心任务之一,贸易便利化对推动“一带一路”贸易畅通至关重要。在共建“一带一路”十周年之际,本文从商签自贸协定、加强海关合作、交通互联互通、发展贸易新业态四个方面,系统总结十年来“一带一路”贸易便利化的历程与进展,剖析当前存在的问题,探讨进一步提升贸易便利化水平的路径。

基于扎根理论的跨境电商品牌形象塑造研究

为指导跨境电商企业更好地在海外市场塑造品牌形象,提升品牌的国际竞争力,文章基于扎根理论,以跨境电商代表性品牌SHEIN为例,对其在社交平台Instagram上发布的956张宣传图片进行内容分析。借助NVivo 11.0软件,完成201个节点编码,并以此生成34个初始范畴、11个主范畴和5个核心范畴。研究发现,基于社交媒体渠道的跨境电商品牌形象塑造,围绕产品特性、消费者形象、品牌价值表达、营销活动、服务互动五个维度展开,其中产品特性与消费者形象传播最为主要,而采用符号化语言的内容输出进一步丰富了品牌跨文化背景下的个性表达。