Evidence and Potential Antibacterial Mechanism of Chinese Traditional Medicine Compounds for the Development of E. coli

Astragalus membranaceus (huangqi), Allium sativum (garlic), Cinnamomum cassia (cinnamon), and Dolichos lablab L. (white hyacinth bean) are the traditional Chinese herbs that were used in prescriptions in treating diarrhea caused by bacterial infection. These herbs are relatively safe for use and investigation. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Astragalus membranaceus, Allium sativum, Cinnamomum cassia, and Dolichos lablab L. on the metabolism of Escherichia coli (E. coli). The growth rate of E. coli was monitored under the influence of each herb, revealing that Astragalus membranaceus and Allium sativum exhibited significant antibacterial activity, whereas Cinnamomum cassia and Dolichos lablab L. demonstrated moderate inhibitory effects on E. coli growth. Further inhibition zone testing allowed for the evaluation of each herb’s potency and the number of generations required for E. coli to develop resistance. Additionally, the impact of the four herbs on the expression of outer membrane protein A (OmpA) in E. coli was examined by using qPCR. The findings revealed that Astragalus membranaceus acted as a sustainable bactericide by inhibiting the growth and metabolism of E. coli MG1655 through the suppression of OmpA expression. These results suggest that Astragalus membranaceus has potential as a natural antimicrobial agent for treating E. coli infections.

中医药干预载脂蛋白E及其信号通路治疗冠心病的研究进展

综述中医药干预载脂蛋白E(Apo E)及其相关信号通路治疗冠心病的研究进展。Apo E与冠心病具有密切关系,目前西医治疗冠心病的方式主要为手术治疗及药物治疗,但均有较明显的副作用。中药可多靶点地调控NF-κB、NLRP3炎症小体、eNOS/NO、LXRα-ABCA1-ApoA-I等信号通路,发挥抗炎、调节脂质代谢、稳定斑块、减轻血管内皮功能障碍、调节胆固醇逆转运的作用,从而达到治疗冠心病的目的。

Therapeutic Effect of Integrative Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on 51 SARS Patients and Its Influence on Their TLymphocyte Subsets

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of integrative Chinese a nd western medicine (ICWM) in treatment of patients with severe acute respirator y syndrome (SARS) and its influence on their T lymphocyte subsets.Methods: Fifty one patients with SARS of severe type were obser ved with synchronous non randomized controlled method. They were divided into the ICWM group (29 patients) and the western medicine (WM) group (22 patients). Western medical treatment was applied to both groups, but to the ICWM group, Ch inese medicine was given additionally. The therapeutic course was 2-3 weeks for both groups. Clinical effect and changes of T lymphocyte subsets (CD4 +) aft er treatment were observed.Results: In the ICWM group, 26 patients (89.66%) were cured and 3 (10.34%) died, while in the WM group, 12 (54.55%) cur ed and 10 (45.45%) died, thus comparison of the cure rate between the two groups showing significant difference ( P <0.01). The score of clinical symptoms in the ICWM group was decreased from 7.14±5.20 scores before treatment to 1.82±3. 75 scores after treatment, while in the WM group, it lowered from 7.36±3.84 sco res before treatment to 5.17±4.17 scores after treatment, significant diffe rence shown in the comparison of the values between the two groups after treatme nt (P<0.01). Immunological function test showed that CD4 + T lymphocyte in the ICWM group rose from 361±278 cells/mm 3 before treatment to 630±454 c ells/mm 3 after treatment, showing significant difference( P <0.01 );bu t in the WM group, it merely rose from 288±186 cells/mm 3 to 376±285 cells/mm 3 in the corresponding period (P>0.05). Conclusion: ICWM could improve the clinical symptoms of SARS pa tients markedly, enhance their T lymphocyte immune function, and reduce their mortality.

过敏性鼻炎中医辨证分型及其与IgE、cd4、cd45的相关性研究

目的分析过敏性鼻炎中医辨证分型及其与特异性免疫球蛋白E(Immunog lobulin E,IgE)、cd4、cd45的相关性。方法选取2019年12月-2022年5月我院门诊收治的50例过敏性鼻炎患者为研究组,另选取同期于我院进行健康体检的志愿者48例为对照组。对研究组过敏性鼻炎患者进行中医辨证分型,检测2组IgE、cd4、cd45水平,分析中医辨证分型与IgE、cd4、cd45的相关性。结果与对照组相比,研究组IgE、cd45水平较高,cd4水平较低(P<0.05);肺经伏热型、肾阳不足型、脾气虚弱型患者IgE、cd4、cd45水平相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与肺经伏热型、肾阳不足型、脾气虚弱型相比,肺气虚寒型过敏性鼻炎患者IgE、cd45水平较高,cd4水平较低(P<0.05);IgE、cd4、cd45与肺经伏热型、肾阳不足型、脾气虚弱型、肺气虚寒型存在联系。结论过敏性鼻炎患者IgE、cd45呈高表示,cd4呈低表达,且在肺气虚寒型过敏性鼻炎患者IgE、cd45水平最高,cd4水平最低,检测IgE、cd4、cd45可为过敏性鼻炎患者中医辨证分型、临床治疗提供借鉴。

Application of the new pattern recognition system in the new e-nose to detecting Chinese spirits

We present a new pattern recognition system based on moving average and linear discriminant analysis （LDA）, which can be used to process the original signal of the new polymer quartz piezoelectric crystal air-sensitive sensor system we designed, called the new e-nose. Using the new e-nose, we obtain the template datum of Chinese spirits via a new pattern recognition system. To verify the effectiveness of the new pattern recognition system, we select three kinds of Chinese spirits to test, our results confirm that the new pattern recognition system can perfectly identify and distinguish between the Chinese spirits.

SLC26A4 gene polymorphism and late-onset Alzheimer’s disease in a Han Chinese population from Qingdao,China

In a recent genome-wide association study, the SLC26A4 gene rs2072064 polymorphism was found to be associated with late-onset Alzheimer＇s disease in Caucasians. Here, we investigated this association in a large Northern Han Chinese cohort consisting of 599 sporadic late-onset Alzheimer＇s disease patients and 598 healthy controls matched for sex and age in a Northern Han Chinese population from Qingdao, China. Genotyping by the polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction revealed that there were significant differences in the genotype （P = 0.017） and allele （P = 0.007） frequencies of the rs2072064 polymorphism between late-onset Alzheimer＇s disease patients and controls. The A allele of this polymorphism was significantly associated with a reduced risk of late-onset Alzheimer＇s disease （odds ratio （OR） = 0.792, 95% confidence interval （CI） = 0.670-0.937, P = 0.007）. When the data were stratified by the apolipoprotein E E4 status, there was a significant difference only among apolipoprotein E E4 non-carriers （genotypic P = 0.001, allelic P = 0.001）. Furthermore, the association between rs2072064 and late-onset Alzheimer＇s disease remained significant by logistic regression analysis after adjustment for age, gender, and the apolipoprotein E E4 carrier status （dominant model： OR = 0.787, 95% CI = 0.619-1.000, P = 0.050; recessive model： OR = 0.655, 95% CI = 0.448-0.959, P= 0.030; additive model： OR = 0.792, 95% CI = 0.661-0.950, P = 0.012）. These findings suggest that SLC26A4 is a susceptibility gene for late-onset Alzheimer＇s disease in a Northern Han Chinese population from the Qingdao area.

Protective Efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Compound against Colibacillosis in Broilers

[Objective] The aim of the research was to evaluate the protective efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） compound against chicken colibacillosis. [Method] Two TCM preparations were obtained by modifying the proved recipes. The AA broilers were selected and chal- lenged by E. coli. Antibacterial test in vitro and protection test in vivo were conducted to investigate the protective efficacy of the two TCM prepara- tions A and B against chicken colibacillosis. [ Result] The mortality of chickens treated with the prescription A or B was significantly lower than that of the control. The protective rates of the prescription A and B were respectively 72.1% and 81.4%, both higher than that of the control （32.5%）. E Conclusion] The TCM compound A and B can be used to protect broilers from colibacillosis.

Design of a Cloud Service for Learning Chinese Pronunciation

With the fast growing of cloud computing infrastructure, learning from cloud services has become more and more convenient for people worldwide. In order to integrate the cloud computing technology and different e-learning platforms including variant mobile apps, Windows and web-based applications, we develop our Chinese learning system ＂analytic Chinese helper＂ with a service-oriented architecture （SOA）. Based on the new architecture we designed and developed a cloud service for the e-learning of Chinese language on the Internet as a convenient resource for foreign students, especially in the reading of Chinese texts. There are two Chinese phonetic systems： Pinyin and Zhuyin. Pinyin is the official Romanization of Chinese characters, and Zhuyin incorporates additional Bopomofo symbols which transcribe precise sounds of Chinese characters. The proposed analytic Chinese helper provides real-time annotations with Pinyin or Zhuyin symbols, and thereby the annotated articles can be used as e-learning objects in learning Chinese.

Screening of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription for Treating Damp-heat Diarrhea of Piglets

[Objective] The paper was to explore the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine on damp-heat diarrhea of piglets in summer.[Method] Three prescriptions were developed with a dozen of traditional Chinese medicines,and in vitro antibacterial test against swine standard Escherichia coli [O149：K91,K88 ac（C83907）] was conducted.Moreover,106 natural cases of diarrhea piglets caused by coinfection of damp-heat and E.coli through clinical and laboratory diagnosis were then treated.[Result] The oral liquids prepared by three traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions had certain antibacterial effect on standard pathogenic E.coli.Prescription 2 presented the strongest inhibitory effects on swine E.coli in vitro,with the MIC of 31.25 mg/m L.It had better therapeutic effect,and the effective rate reached 94.74%.[Conclusion] The prescription 2 mainly consisted of Coptis chinensis and Prunus mume might be effective in treatment of piglet diarrhea caused by damp heat and E.coli in clinic.

C -E Interpreting of Political Neologisms in Contemporary Chinese Political Discourse

Uniqueness of our political systems and tremendous changes brought about by reform and opening up are reflected in language use,so contem porary Chinese political discourse has its own distinctiveness,and is especially featured by increasing political neologisms,posing difficulties for interpreters and for China’s international publicity.Quality of political neologisms interpreting has a direct bearing on whether or not success of interpreting the whole discourse can be achieved.The authors believe that interpreting of contemporary Chinese political discourse,also for the purpose of com m unication can gain guidance from Bachman’s CLA Model.So the paper elaborates through exem plification on strategies for interpreting political neologisms in light of Bachm an’s Model,with a view to realizing discourse power of Chinese.

Association of Apolipoprotein E Gene Polymorphism with Lipid Profile in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome in Han Chinese: A Critical Review

This review paper focuses on the genetic contribution, in particular, the association of Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism to lipid abnormality and subsequent acute coronary syndrome in Han Chinese of China. Many researches have been published pertaining the influence of ApoE gene polymorphism on coronary artery disease, dyslipidemia and the response of statin in Han Chinese. Most of the studies in Han Chinese like other populations demonstrated that ApoE 4 allele genetically predisposes coronary artery disease, acute coronary syndrome, severity of occlusion of coronary artery and higher incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (In Han Chinese, ApoE allele carriers demonstrated 85% increase in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in six months follow up). In addition, ApoE4 allele carrier also showed both increased in LDL level and decrease response to statin therapy in dyslipidemic Han Chinese. On the other hand, ApoE2 carrier is scavenger of cholesterol and triglyceride from the blood;?thus it is cardiovascular-protective. Despite positive relationship between ApoE gene polymorphism and cardiovascular pathologies, prognostic outcome and resistance to intervention, this area of research still requires?extensive investigation in Han Chinese. Because, several other studies revealed either negative effect or showed no effect by ApoE gene polymorphism on cardiovascular disease. Some of the causes of such debatable results could be explained by factors such as diminutive frequency allele and expression of ApoE gene in coronary heart disease. This part of the research yet requires extensive study with bulkier sample size and retrospective in nature, in order to ascertain the influence of ApoE genotype on lipid, anti-hyperlipidemic agent and coronary heart disease. Such studies could assist us to confirm whether to test healthier subjects to predict genetic risk of coronary heart disease in Han Chinese population. The aim of this review paper is to critically analyze the effect of ApoE gene on the occurrence of coronary heart disease in Han Chinese.

Adopting Deverbalization in Interpreting Chinese Political Neologisms

Uniqueness of our political systems and tremendous changes brought about by reform and opening up are reflected in language use,so a boom of Chinese political neologisms is witnessed.Deverbalization,as the core concept of the Interpretive Theory should be adopted in interpreting such neologisms so as to convey the intended meaning of the speaker in a faithful and interpretive manner.This paper makes a tentative attempt at classifying those neologisms and elaborates through exemplification on adopting deverbalization in interpreting political neologisms,with a view to producing China English rather than Chinese English and facilitating political communication among countries.

A Study on Typical Features of E-Discourse in Chinese

This study aimed to find the typical features of e-discourse of Chinese which are different from other literacy practices.It examined how younger groups of Chinese interact online through online chatting software(QQ) and studies the discursive linguistic strategies and features involved. The findings demonstrated how they adopted and adapted English to interact creatively and playfully in a context with spatio- temporal constraints(Werry 1996) in maintaining and establishing social contact, and to express their cultural identity through code- switching. The speech modifications and linguistic features provided evidence that within the context of Chinese e-discourse can be considered as important attributes of cultural identity.

Human leukocyte antigen-DP loci are associated with the persistent infection of hepatitis B virus in Chinese population

A genome-wide association study recently showed that genetic variants in human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DP loci were strongly associated with a risk of persistent infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Japanese and Thai individuals and variants in interleukin 28B (IL-28B) have been associated with responses to anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the HLA-DP loci and IL-28B were associated with different outcomes of chronic HBV infection (CHB) in Chinese subjects. The rs9277535 near HLA-DPB1,rs3077 near HLA-DPA1, and rs12979860 near IL-28B were genotyped by direct sequencing in 185 CHB patients and 193 self-limited hepatitis B virus (SLHBV)-infected subjects who recovered from HBV infection. The rs9277535 near HLA-DPB1 was strongly associated with CHB (P=0.000 018 1, OR=1.905). This association was observed independent of HBV e antigen (HBeAg) status and HBV viral loads in HBeAg-positive CHB patients (P=0.000 4, OR=1.956), in HBeAg-negative CHB patients (P=0.000 9, OR=1.857), and in HBeAg-negative CHB individuals without detectable levels of HBV DNA in serum (P=0.001 1, OR=2.05). The rs3077 near HLA-DPA1 was associated with CHB (P=0.020 6, OR=0.686 5) and HBeAg-positive CHB infection status (P=0.014 3, OR=0.604 7). Meanwhile, a genetic variation of insertion-deletion (INDEL) polymorphism (rs361527, -/ATAAATGTTGA) near HLA-DPA1 was found to be associated with CHB (P=0.030 7, OR=0.702 8) and HBeAg-positive CHB infection status (P=0.023 3, OR=0.619). However,the rs12979860 genotype near IL-28B had no correlation with CHB. This study demonstrated that in the Han Chinese populations, HLA-DP loci, but not IL-28B, were associated with persistence of infection in different outcomes of HBV-infected patients; however, the mechanism needs to be further investigated.

电写汉字是信息时代的大势所趋

汉语难学的根源在汉字,而认读汉字并不难,难的是用手写出来,因此我们推荐电写为主的汉字教学模式。世界进入电写时代,更不应该让汉语落在其他语言的后面。电写为主的汉字教学模式为老师卸下沉重的负担,为学生开通便利的捷径,既解决了汉字的手写难题,也可以把汉字的可视化认知优势充分发挥出来,从而降低学习汉语的难度,这使得汉语有可能从最难学的语言变为最好学的语言。

基于改进K-means的电商页面数据分析与挖掘

数据挖掘技术是利用计算机强大的计算能力来代替部分人工分析的一项技术。传统的数据分析是人们利用自己的大脑对数据进行分析、思考和解读,但人脑所能承载的计算量是有限的。目前,计算机强大的计算能力代替了人脑,它们不仅可以处理一些不需要自主思考的增删改查类工作,有时还可以担任一些需要自我学习能力的任务,比如对网页数据进行高质量分析与挖掘。为了进一步探究网页数据分析与挖掘,本文提出了一种基于优化样本距离计算方法,从而改进了K-means算法的聚类中心计算方法。具体来说,本文获取常见电商页面“当当网”公开的以“手机”为关键词的近12000条数据,使用文本挖掘技术对其进行数据挖掘,对数据的文本信息进行清洗、中文分词以及关键词权重计算等全面预处理,最终使用聚类中心优化的K-means算法,挖掘看似毫无关联的数据集中的隐藏信息为电商用户提供市场导向。

“手写”与“电写”对汉字学习的影响及相关研究视角

随着数字技术与人工智能技术的飞速发展,计算机、智能手机等电子设备已成为日常生活、工作与学习不可或缺的一部分,从执笔书写到“电写”的变革减轻了学习者汉字学习的难度,提升了信息处理的效率,也深刻地改变了汉字学习方式与教学方式。通过探讨在从执笔书写方式向“电写”方式转变的过程中,“手写”与“电写”对汉字学习方式及汉字教学模式产生的深远影响,并分析了“电写”的利与弊,同时也从不同的维度提出了“电写”时代应该关注和研究的问题,呼吁不同学科对汉字认知的相关问题进行交叉实证研究。

“中文+职业技能”背景下跨境电商技能在“一带一路”国家的推广研究

在“中文+职业技能”背景下,“中文+跨境电商技能”是要培养既懂中文又掌握跨境电商技能的“一带一路”国家青年,根据实施地点可以分为国内留学生培养和境外学生培养。在国内对留学生进行“中文+跨境电商技能”的培养形式主要分为学历教育和企业培训两类,境外学生培养主要采取“鲁班工坊”和“中文+职业技能基地”两种形式。“中文+跨境电商技能”的推广首先应考虑中文和跨境电商技能学习的顺序;其次应针对生源国跨境电商情况设计课程,注重实训、开展实战,促进中外学生的跨境项目合作,与出海中资企业合作培养本土人才。

我国跨境电商服务行业发展趋势研究

近年来,跨境电商服务行业受到了广泛关注。新时期,企业成本结构发生了较大变化、行业合规化趋势愈演愈烈,供需关系也发生了深刻变革。跨境服务商通过跨地区、多平台的形式不断拓宽业务范围,提升服务价值内涵,巩固自身竞争地位。此外,当前TikTok平台的流行和语言障碍的破除为跨境服务商提供了新的发展机遇。相关服务商依托专业资源为跨境卖家创造和传递价值,探索跨境电商共赢模式。同时,服务商还通过创新的技术和服务,为卖家提供更高效、更便捷的服务,帮助卖家降低成本、提高效率。综上,服务商在跨境电子商务领域中扮演着越来越重要的角色,为卖家提供了更多的机会和更好的服务。