Baiting Effects of 17 Chinese Medicinal Plants on Brachydanio rerio

The study aimed to discuss baiting effects of 17 kinds of Chinese medicinal plants on Brachydanio rerio.With 100 fish of Brachydanio rerio as tested objects,the average length of the 100 fish was 3.5 cm.Cinnamomum cassia,Mentha canadensis,Eugenia aromaticum,Coptis chinensis,Phellodendron amurense,Scutellaria baicalensis,star anise,Kaempferia galanga,Prunus mume,Magnolia sinensis,Terminalia chebula meat,Sophora flavescens,Polygonum cuspidatum,Rhizoma polygonatum,Astragalus membranaceus,Forsythia suspense and...

Effect of Carbon Dioxide (CO_2) Controlled Atmosphere on Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Activity of Three Storage Pests in Chinese Medicinal Materials

[ Objective ] The paper was to study the effect of controlled atmosphere stress of carbon dioxide （ CO2 ） on Superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity of in- sect, so as to analyze the biological mechanism of the action of controlled atmosphere stress on insect. [ Method] Using nitrotetrazolium blue chloride （NBT） light reduction method, SOD activity of drugstore beetle （ Stegobium panlceum ）, cigarette beetle （ Lasioderma serricorne） and coffee bean beetle （Araecerus fasciculatus） was studied, and the stress response of the enzyme under controlled atmosphere stress of CO2 was analyzed. [ Result ] SOD activity of drugstore beetle, cigarette beetle and coffee bean beetle exposed to controlled atmosphere stress of high concentrations of CO2 for 3 and 6 h had certain degree of increase, and the activity sig- nificantly increased from 2.011±0.954,2.664±0.218 and 1.458±0.718 to 3. 135±0. 105,3.050±0.673 and 2.975±0.229 U/（per pest · 30 min） after treat- ment for 6 h. [ Conclusion] Controlled atmosphere stress of high concentrations of CO2 had certain activation effect on SOD activity of storage pest in Chinese me- dicinal material within the context of sub-lethal events. The results could enrich the insecticidal mechanism of controlled atmosphere and theoretical system of analy- sis on insect resistance to controlled atmosphere.

Screening the active constituents of Chinese medicinal herbs as potent inhibitors of Cdc25 tyrosine phosphatase, an activator of the mitosis-inducing p34^(cdc2) kinase

Objective: To screen and evaluate the active constituents of Chinese medicinal herbs as potent inhibitors of Cdc25phosphatase. Methods: The affinity chromatography purified glutashione-S-transferase/Cdc25A phosphatase fusion protein and Cdc2/cyclin B from the extracts of starfish M phase oocytes are used as the cell cycle-specific targets for screening the antimitotic constituents. We tested 9 extracts isolated from the Chinese medicinal herbs and vegetables including the agents currently used in cancer treatment by measuring the inhibition of Cdc25A phosphatase and Cdc2 kinase activity. The antitumor activity of the extracts was also evaluated by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and flow cytometry.Results: Cdc25A inhibitory activity and antitumor activity are detected in the extracts isolated from three Chinese medicinal herbs Agrimonapilosa; Herba solani lyrati; Galla chinesis. Conclusion: We found three extracts isolated from Chinese medicinal herbs have potential inhibitory activity of Cdc25 phosphatase using a highly specific mechanism-based screen assay for antimitotic drug discovery.

Screening of Epstein-Barr Virus Early Antigen Expression Inducers from Chinese Medicinal Herbs and Plants

Ether extrilcls of 1693 Chinesc medicinal herbs and plilnts from 268 families werestudied for the induction of Epstcin-Barr viral (EBV ) early antigcn (EA ) expression in theRaji cell line. Fifty-two from 18 families were found to have inducing activity. Twenty-fiveand seven of them were from Euphorbiaccae and Thymclaeaceae, respectively. Some ofthem, such as Croton tiglium, Euphorbia kansui, Daphnc genkwa, Wikstrocmia chamacdaphen, Wikstroemia indica, Prunus mandshurica Koehne and Achyranthes bidentata arecommonly used drugs. The significance of these herbs in the activation of EBV in vivo andtheir relation to the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma were discussed.

The Influence of Chinese Medicinal Herb on Chicken Immune Organs and Small Intestinal Mucosa Immune Organization

[Objective] The aim was to explore the mechanism of Chinese medicinal herb to enhance the body＇s immune. [Method] The quantitative distribution of immunocytes in chicken small intestinal mucosa lymphoid tissue-secretory type immune globulin cell A were dynamic observed to research chicken immune organ growth with histology conventional slice technology and immunohistochemistry dye. 1 day age healthy roosters were divided into 3 groups： the group 3 was control group. 1% and 0.5% concentration of Chinese herbal medicine immunopotentiator drinking water were added in the group 1 and 2 in continuous 60 d. The immune organ index was determined every 12 d and the histotomy of chicken small intes- tine in group control and 1% were taken for histological observation on day 24, 36 and 48. [ Result] Treatment group immune organ index was significantly higher than that of the control group and 1% group of small intestinal villus inherent intraformational immune cells number significantly increased （P〈0.01） compared with controls. Day 36 age group and day 48 group immune cells were higher than day 24 group of cell number （P〈 0.01 ）. [ Conclusionl Chinese medicinal herb had obvious role in promoting chicken immune organ growth and obvious influence on the quantity change of the intestinal mucosal immune cells.

Effects of the Chinese Medicinal Herb Com plex Additives on Non-specific Immunity of Amursturgeon( Acipenser schrencki Brandt)

This study was to investigate the effects of aqueous decotion from three Chinese medicinal herb additives （ Cyrtomium fortunei, prescription I and prescription II） on non-specific immunity of 1 ＋ age old Amur sturgeon （Acipenser schrencki Brandt） by oral perfusion. Cyrtomiumfortunei, prescription I and prescription II were orally given to 15 fishes for each experimental group once a day, with the concentration of 9,175 and 36 g/S0 kg body weight, respectively. The administration was lasted for 14 days. Meanwhile, distilled water was orally given as the control. After the experiment, some of the experimental fishes were stimulated with high temperature （30 ℃ ） for two hours. Sampling was performed from fishes treated at 22 ℃ and 30 ℃ for measuring the protein content in the serum, phagocytic activity of leucocytes and the activity of the lysozyme in six tissues. The results indicated that Cyrtomiumfortunei and prescription II could help to enhance the content of various proteins and the phagocytic activity of leucocytes. There was no significant change in the effects between these two additives at either the normal temperature or high temperature. Prescription I did not show an obvious effect on the immunity of fishes at the normal temperature, but it did in promo- ting high-efficiency response and improving immunoregulation of fish shocked by some stimuli.

Published papers about Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge as a Chinese medicinal material

Xu Cuihong, Shu Zhiming, Wang Yan, Miao Fang, Zhou ke. The accumulation rule of the main medicinal components in different organs of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. f. alba. Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research, 2010, 21（09）： 2129-2132. Email： miaofangmf@ 163,com

A List of Insects on Stored Traditional Chinese Medicinal (TCM) Materials in Anhui Province of China

[ Objective ] The paper was to ascertain the insects on the stored traditional Chinese medicinal （TCM） materials in Anhui Province of China, so as to control pests on stored TCM materials effectually. [ Method] The insects on stored TCM materials in 17 regions of Anhui Province were investigated from 2009 to 2012 and 873 kinds of insect samples on TCM materials were collected. [ Result] Investigation showed that a total of 94 species of insects on stored TCM materials belonging to 38 families, 9 orders in Anhui Province had been identified, among which 81 species of pests belonged to 31 families, 5 orders, and 13 species of natu- ral enemies belonged to 7 families, 4 orders ; additionally, 24 species of insects were newly recorded in Anhui Province. The distribution and hosts of 94 species of insects were also described. [ Conclusion] The results could provide scientific basis for controlling pests of the stored traditional Chinese medicinal materials in An- hui Province.

ANALYSIS OF VOLATILE CONSTITUENTS OF CHINESE MEDICINAL HERBS BY FLASH DISTILLATION/CAPILLARY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY/MASS SPECTROMETRY

In present work,the volatile constituents of Curcuma longa L.,A.lancea (Thunb.) DC.,Foeniculum vulgare Mill,and Cinnamomun cassia Presl.have been analyzed by flash distillation/capillary gas chro-matography/mass spectrometry.The results are consistent with those obtained by conventional steam distillation extraction method.The optimum condition of flash distillation has been studied.The experimental results showed that this new technique proved to be a simple,rapid and efficient tool for microanalysis of volatile constituents of Chinese medicinal herbs.

Reason Analysis and Risk Prevention of Soaring Price of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials

In recent years,the price of traditional Chinese medicinal materials soars continuously,and the resulting price risk increasingly looms large,which has critically affected midstream and downstream industries and peoples' demand for drug,and imperiled healthy and orderly development of traditional Chinese medicinal industries.Based on the status quo of continuous skyrocketing price of traditional Chinese medicinal materials at present,we winkle out the root cause of soaring price as follows:the supply and demand lose balance;the production costs hike up;there are other factors responsible for soaring price.This paper further analyses the impact of sharp increase in price of traditional Chinese medicinal materials on all links of industry chain as follows:the medicinal herb growers never benefit from soaring price;the counterfeiters and forgers in midstream industry increase;the gross profit rate of Chinese medicine enterprises declines.In accordance with the risk arising from abnormal fluctuation in price of traditional Chinese medicinal materials,corresponding precautionary measures are put forward as follows:promote the quality of traditional Chinese medicinal materials through management of value chain;curtail the production and management cost of traditional Chinese medicinal materials through management of organization chain;stabilize price of traditional Chinese medicinal materials through management of information chain;reduce transaction cost of traditional Chinese medicinal materials through management of logistics chain.

Treatment of Retinal Vein Obstruction with Acupuncture and Chinese Medicinal Herbs

We have treated thirty-two cases (52 eyes) of retinal vein obstruction by acupuncture and oral administration of Huo Xue Ming Mu Decoction. The total effective rate of 90.38% demonstrated that the treatment was definitely effective.

Research Progress of Soil Factors Affecting the Quality of Chinese Medicinal Materials

The paper summarized the effects of soil on the quality of Chinese medicinal materials from the aspects of physical,chemical and biological properties of soil,in order to provide a reference for further research on the internal relationship between soil factors and the quality of Chinese medicinal materials,and to provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation and quality improvement of Chinese medicinal materials.

Problems in the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials Planting Industry in Shiyan City and Countermeasures

Through the analysis on the cultivation advantages and development problems of traditional Chinese medicinal planting industry in Shiyan City, Hubei Province, some measures were proposed to enlarge and enhance the traditional Chinese medicinal planting industry, namely, large-scale, standardized, market-oriented and regionalized planting, thereby making it the pillar industry for farmers to increase income.

TREATMENT OF PRIMARY PALPEBRAL RETRACTION WITH ACUPOINT-INJECTION AND CHINESE MEDICINAL HERBS

In the present paper, the therapeutic effect of combined therapy of acupoint injection and Chinese medicinal herbs was observed in 59 cases of primary palpebral retraction patients. These 59 patients were divided into treatment group (n=38, treated with acupoint injection and Chinese medicinal herbs) and control group (n=21, treated with Chinese medicinal herbs alone). After 3 courses of treatment, of the 38 cases in treatment group, 25 (65.8%) were cured, 8 (21.1%) had marked improvement and 5 (13.2%) had improvement; of the 21 cases in control group, 8 (38.1%) were cured, 9 (42.9%) had marked improvement, 2 (9.5%) had improvement and 2 (9.5%) were ineffective. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference between the two groups in the therapeutic effect. The cure rate of experimental group was apparently higher than that of the control group, i.e. the therapeutic effect of the combined therapy of acupoint injection and Chinese medicinal herbs was superior to that of Chinese medicinal herbs alone.

China Beijing Tongrentang Holdings Corp.Beijing Tongrentang Chinese Medicinal Herb Refinery

Beijing Tongrentang was founed byMr. Le Zunyu in the eighth year of the reignof Emperor Qianlong (1669) in Qing Dynasty.Le Zunyu once served as an official in chargeof documents and archives for the imperialhospital for the Qing imperial palace. Takingthe advantage of his position, he collectednumerous proven prescriptions and folkrecipes as well as secret prescriptions of afamily handed down from generation togeneration, and prepared ready-made herbalcompounds. With unique recipes, carefully-chosen ingredients, fine technology andconspicuously curative effect of such ready-made herbal compounds, BeijingTongrentang thus established itself areputation. In 1952, under the leadership of LeSongsheng, descendant of the Le family andformer manager of Tongrentang, thecountry’ s first medicinal herb tablet producer,Beijing Tongrentang Chinese Medicinal HerbRefinery, was set up. With the developmentin the past four decades, the refinery hasbecome one of the core enterprises underBeijing Tongrentang Group

COMBINED TREATMENT OF 200 CASES OF PERIPHERY FACIAL PARALYSIS WITH ACUPUNCTURE AND CHINESE MEDICINAL HERBS

In the present study, 200 cases of periphery facial paralysis were treated with combined therapies of handle needle, electroacupuncture (EA), electronic moxibustion and oral administration of Supplemented Qianzheng San. After treatment, of the 200 cases, 176 were cured, 15 had marked improvement and 9 had improvement. Two groups of acupoints were chosen and used alternately for keeping the excitement of acupoints, preventing acupoint fatigue and raising the therapeutic effect. In the acute stage of periphery facial palsy, acupuncture treatment was performed using shallow needling, mild manipulation and no needling penetration. In the convalescence stage and sequela stage, penetration needling was adopted and stronger stimulation given. During acute period and when facial muscular spasm appeared, EA stimulation was not suitable for facial acupoints. Over use of vision should be avoided.

Distribution patterns and industry planning of commonly used traditional Chinese medicinal plants in China

Medicinal plants are the primary material basis for disease prevention and treatment in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).The conservation and sustainable utilization of these medicinal plants is critical for the development of the TCM industry.However,wild medicinal plant resources have sharply declined in recent decades.To ameliorate the shortage of medicinal plant resources,it is essential to explore the development potential of the TCM industry in different geographical regions.For this purpose,we examined the spatial distribution of commonly used medicinal plants in China,the number of Chinese medicinal material markets,and the number of TCM decoction piece enterprises.Specifically,multispecies superimposition analysis and Thiessen polygons were used to reveal the optimal range for planting bulk medicinal plants and the ideal regions for building Chinese medicinal material markets,respectively.Furthermore,we quantitatively analyzed mismatches between the spatial distribution of commonly used medicinal plant richness,Chinese medicinal material markets,and TCM decoction piece enterprises.We found that the areas suitable for growing commonly used medicinal plants in China were mainly distributed in Hengduan Mountain,Nanling Mountain,Wuling Mountain,and Daba Mountain areas.The Thiessen polygon network based on Chinese medicinal material market localities showed there are currently fewer markets in southwestern,northwestern,and northeastern China than in central and southern China.TCM decoction piece enterprises are concentrated in a few provinces,such as Hebei and Jiangxi.We found that the distribution of commonly used medicinal plants,Chinese medicinal material markets and TCM decoction piece enterprises are mismatched in Henan,Shaanxi,Hunan,Hubei,Zhejiang,Fujian,Chongqing,and Xizang.We recommend strengthening development of the TCM industry in Henan,Hunan,Zhejiang,Shaanxi,Hubei,Chongqing,Fujian,and Xizang;building more Chinese medicinal material markets in southwestern,northwestern,and northeastern China;and establishing medicinal plant nurseries in resource-rich provinces to better protect and domesticate local medicinal plants.

Pharmacological efficacy of the traditional Chinese medicinal formula Kun-Tai-1A in the treatment of letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome

Background:Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is an endocrine disorder that occurs in women of child-bearing age.Moreover,PCOS patients have decreased pregnancy rates and clomiphene citrate resistance.The traditional Chinese medicine formula Kun-Tai-1S(KT1S),consisting of the seahorse species hippocampus,has been reported to elicit therapeutic effects in patients with PCOS.However,given the limited resources and global demand for wild hippocampus,whether KT1S with or without hippocampus can elicit similar therapeutic effects has not been confirmed.Methods:KT1S and Kun-Tai-1A(KT1A,KT1S without dry hippocampus)were used to treat a letrozole-induced rat model of PCOS with an established disease.The serum levels of testosterone,luteinizing hormone,anti-Müllerian hormone,and estradiol were determined,the luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio was determined,and the ovarian pathology was evaluated.Results:Similar to the therapeutic effects of cyproterone acetate,both the KT1S and KT1A treatments reduced the body weight and ovarian and uterine indices in the rats with PCOS.The serum levels of testosterone,anti-Müllerian hormone,and luteinizing hormone and the luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio were significantly lower in the KT1S and KT1A treatment groups compared to the model group(P<0.01 and P<0.05,respectively).Moreover,the histopathological assessment results suggested that both the KT1S and KT1A treatments significantly ameliorated the PCOS pathology in the rats with an established disease,with a reduced number of cystic and atretic follicles and an increased number of corpora lutea being observed in the ovaries.Notably,there was no obvious difference in the disease outcomes between the KT1S and KT1A-treated groups.Network pharmacology analysis revealed that 4’,7-dihydroxyflavanone,sinpemine A,quercetin,8-isopentenyl-kaempferol,and luteolin in KT1A may promote estrogen signaling;furthermore,the nitric oxide regulation pathway is also closely involved.Conclusion:KT1A and KT1S treatments both significantly ameliorated the PCOS-related pathology in rats,suggesting that the hippocampus component is dispensable for KT1S-mediated amelioration.Given the limited resources and global demand for wild hippocampus for use in complementary medicines,our findings may help conserve this species.Together,our results suggest that KT1A is a promising approach for treating PCOS.

In vitro and in vivo anti-HMPV activity of JH001 isolated from Chinese medicinal herbs

OBJECTIVE Human metapneumovirus(hMPV)is semblable to respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)which causes respiratory infections typically characterized by cough,runny nose,fever,and nasal congestion but sometimes progressing to bronchiolitis and pneumonia.Whereas,there is no corresponding drug to inhabit the virus.Studies of new compounds with potential anti-HMPV activity could produce clinical value.Chinese herbal medicine played a great role during COVID-19,therefore we choose some small molecular(JH001)extracted from botany to investigate therapeutic effect on hMPV and the underlying mechanisms.METHODS In this study,16HBE cells were used as a model to explore in vitro antiviral effect.Cytotoxicity assays were performed before the antiviral tests,cell viability of 16HBE cells handled by different concentration of JH001 was estimated by Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8).Then RT-qPCR,immunofluorescence,and flow cytometer were used to test the viral titer after cells infected with hMPV.Eventually,6-8 weeks mice were infected intranasally with 60μL of hMPV,the control group was treated with 0.9%saline water,other groups were administered with JH001 and ribavirin,then the lung virus titer and protective effect in lung were judged.RESULTS The obtained JH001 exhibited no cytotoxicity to 16HBE cells during 6.25-200μmol·L^(-1).RT-QPCR demonstrated that JH001 showed obvious inhabitation to the viral replication and showed great significance compared with saline.And fluorescence exhibited distinct decrease of hMPV-N protein,flow cytometer results showed that MFI decrease evidently.Significant reduction of N-gene expression was observed in those mice treated with JH001 compared with saline group,which indicated that JH001 probably had protective and therapeutic effect on viral replication.CONCLUSION This study illustrated that JH001 might be a promising option for small molecular against hMPV and JH001 might be worthy of further development and used as a potential therapeutic strategy for other respiratory viruses in the future.

Bacteriostatic Effect of Extracts from 10 Kinds of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials and Garlic on Pectobacterium chrysanthemi

Pectobacterium chrysanthemi is one of the main pathogens of soft rot disease of Amorphophallus konjac.The bacteriostatic effect of extracts from 10 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine and garlic on Pectobacterium chrysanthemi was studied in this experiment.The results showed that the extracts of Coptis chinensis,garlic,Scutellaria baicalensis,Mume Fructus and Bupleurum had significant bacteriostatic effect.Among them,Coptis chinensis and garlic had the best bacteriostatic effect on Pectobacterium chrysanthemi,and the diameter of inhibition zone was 2.27 and 2.19 cm,respectively,followed by Scutellaria baicalensis,with the diameter of inhibition zone of 1.68 cm.The extracts of Coptis chinensis,Scutellaria baicalensis and garlic with good bacteriostatic effect were diluted by double dilution method,and the bacteriostatic effect was determined.The results showed that 2-fold dilution of Coptis chinensis and 2-fold and 4-fold dilution of Scutellaria baicalensis had significant bacteriostatic effect,but the bacteriostatic effect of garlic extract was not obvious after dilution.