Assessment of and Countermeasures against International Political Risk for Chinese Oil Companies

Considering the circumstances of Chinese oil companies and the latest development of international politics and world oil situation, this paper analyzes the implication and main factors of international political risk for Chinese oil companies, and presents the principles, mode and scoring method for the assessment of international political risk. Strategies and suggestions to manage international political risk in their overseas business are provided for Chinese oil companies.

Analysis of Pecking Order Theory on Chinese Listed Companies

This study tests the order of firms’financing choices based on a sample consists of 150 Chinese listed companies.And it indicates that China’s listed companies did not follow the theoretical‘Pecking Order’(Myers,1984),but a‘new order’—internal fund,equity,and debt—to make their financial choices.This is because firm’s gearing ratio and solvency did not show a high degree of correlation in China’s capital market,which leads to the preference of using equity.Besides,there are some other reasons:low cost of issuing equity,ineffective financial management,immaturity of capital market,not well developed bond market,and lack of an effective credit rating system。

Chinese AI Companies Are Playing A Leading Role Globally

Under the impetus of technologies such as deep learning algorithms, big data, Internet of Things, and cloud computing, AI has started to solve real problems.

Major Action of Chinese Petroleum Industry on Cooperation with Foreign Companies

The Petro]eum C ooperat1on C ontract on the Third.Block of the southeast part of.Tarim Basin was signed on Dec.20,1993 in Beijing by and be-tween China National Petroleum Corporation,and Esso China Ltd..Sumitomo Corporation,In-donesia Petroleum Ltd.It is the first contract with the foreign companies in terms of petroleum exploration and development in Tarim Basin and also the first contract by public bidding for onshore petroleum cooperation.

Chinese Companies Haveto Plug Away

DVice Governor Zhao Ange,interviewed on the entry of the Bank of China(BOC)to the Fortune 500 List for the 10th successive

The Expanded Presence of Chinese Companies on the European Market as a Practical Realization of the ＂Go Global＂ Strategy

The article presents the phenomenon of the Chinese companies＇ expansion in Europe as a result of the implementation of the government＇s strategy ＂Go Global＂, including the nature of this expansion, the scale, premises, as well as the possible consequences. The first part of the article is devoted to the analysis of assumptions and instruments of＂Go Global＂ strategy used to strengthen the government＇s initiatives aimed at encouraging the national entrepreneurs to open up and conduct business internationally. Further in the article the dominant forms and directions of Chinese companies＇ expansion on the European market have been presented, followed by the analysis of the impact of Chinese economy on its major foreign investment partners during the current economic slowdown. The basis of the analysis made by the author was data obtained from the statistical bases （Eurostat） and reports of the Research Institutes for China Studies （Rhodium Group, Thomson Reuters）. This is allowed to illustrate the development of Chinese expansion on the European market during the years 1999-2015. A significant increase in the activity of the Chinese capital in Europe could be seen in recent years. The development of relations between European countries and China is taking place not only in economic, but also in political and cultural dimension. This was reflected, among others, in activating of the trade activities between EU and China, the level of which increased greatly in years 1990-1999 from EUR 15,9 bn to EUR 72,2 bn, to reach a value of EUR 428,3 bn in 2011, making EU the most important trading partner of China. It should be emphasized that the European market has become the largest after Asian market, in terms of industry diversification of Chinese investment, where Chinese companies are investing in industries such as： raw materials, infrastructure automotive, chemicals and renewable energy.

Chinese Companies Set Sights on Asia-Pacific Oil Assets

Fossil fuels may be out of fashion,but sales of foreignowned resources across Asia are expected to attract a broad mix of bidders.Some of Asia’s biggest foreignowned oil and gas assets,worth more than US$40 billion,are to be sold in 2017,with potential bidders expected to include Chinese energy companies and sovereign funds.Assets to be sold include US-based Chevron’s US$1billion(0.94 billion euros)joint ownership stake with China’s state-owned CNOOC in an offshore oil field.

Chinese Companies are Taking Leading Roles in Many Global Markets

Today Chinese companies are taking leading roles and setting standards in global markets.The number of multinationals from China on the Fortune Global 500 List grew from none in1990 to almost 100 in 2015.This is an impressive result.We witness an ever increasing role of China and its financial sectoralso in shaping the global financial landscape.

Global oil and gas development in 2022:Situation,trends and enlightenment

Through analysis of four aspects,including the distribution and production of global oil and gas fields,the distribution and changes of remaining recoverable reserves,the differences in oil and gas production between regions/countries,and the development potential of oil and gas fields with production capacity not built and to be built,this paper presents the situation and trends of global oil and gas development in 2022.It is found that,in 2022,oil and gas fields are widely distributed worldwide,and upstream production activities continue to recover;the oil and gas reserves decrease slightly year on year,and the oil and gas reserves in sea areas increase significantly;the oil and gas production increases continuously,and the key resource countries make a significant contribution in oil and gas production growth;the oil and gas fields with production capacity not built and to be built hold abundant reserves,and their development potential will be gradually released with the economic benefits increase.Further analysis is conducted from the perspectives of global oil and gas resources continuity,geopolitical risks,potential of international cooperation,and upgrade of unconventional oil and gas technology.Finally,in view of core business domains and strategies under the new situation,the Chinese oil companies are recommended to:(1)keep a foothold in onshore conventional oil and gas development by virtue of their comparative advantages and learning from other’s experience in cooperation;(2)carry out pilot tests on development adjustment,and deepen the international cooperation in enhanced oil/gas recovery;(3)improve the oil and gas operation capabilities in sea areas to transform from follower as minority shareholder to joint venture and then to independent operations;and(4)seek appropriate ways for shale oil/gas development to reduce the dependence on foreign oil and gas.

2018： China Is Still the Top Choice for Chinese Companies＇ M＆A

On November 30th, according to the Global Capital Confidence Barometer （hereinafter referred to as the Barometer） which was recently released by Ernst ＆ Young, the increase in this year＇s transactions will continue to raise global M＆A activities.

Chinese Enterprises’ Oil and Gas Cooperation in the Belt and Road Initiative

This paper reviews the history of cooperation in overseas oil and gas among Chinese oil companies and selects two indicators of production and initial planned investment to systematically review and analyze in depth the overseas cooperation process of Chinese oil companies.Based on the analysis of produced quantities (entitlement),it summarizes the current situation,scale and pattern of Chinese enterprises'overseas business. Based on the analysis of the initial planned investment,it summarizes the five stages in the development of overseas cooperation and the development characteristics of each stage.

An Empirical Analysis on the Prediction of Chinese Financially Distressed Listed Companies

This paper presents an in-depth analysis of financially distressed listed companies in China between 1998 and 2002. We compare the predictive power of multiple discriminant analysis （MDA）, logistic regression, and neural network models. We design and implement 126 different forecasting models using different predictive methods, different sample proportions, and different initial independent variables. The aim is to determine which model（s） and variables are best applicable for the short-term prediction of financial distress in China. We find that logistic regression models are superior to multiple discriminant analysis models in terms of prediction accuracy rate, restriction of sample distribution or prediction cost, but the neural network models show promise in their low Type I and Type II errors. The paper also inherently tests the applicability of variables traditionally used for bankruptcy prediction to the purpose of financial distress prediction in China.

The Implementation Mechanism of SocialResponsibility in Chinese State-ownedCompanies

The concept of corporate social responsibility was origined in the United States in the early 1990 s. This theory is put forward,and quickly caused the widespread attention of various disciplines. With the transition of the planned economy to marketeconomy in our country, most of the enterprises in China will still refuse to take care of the social responsibility and a series ofproblems become the biggest contradiction in China＇s economic development and social development. So it is necessary forChina to slove these problems.

Boeing Company Enters Chinese Market

The Boeing Company delivered 46 planes to China’s civil aviation authority in 1993, accounting for one seventh of its total delivery. China thus became the company’s biggest overseas purchaser. It is estimated that the company will deliver about 36 aircraft to China out of the latter’s total order, which will again account for one seventh of the

A Clash of Culture： An Investigation into Evolution in the Chinese Music Industry

This study investigates the current enviromnent of the Chinese record industry, and focuses on particular problems with business in China. Specifically, I will look at the reasons that led to the Chinese record industry＇ s gradual depression in the past thirty years. Additionally, I will show the important reasons why piracy is on a rampage in China, and explain why China has not been able to solve this problem. To do this, I will examine the data of CD sales and revenue of Chinese Records Company in recent years, to see what has changed.

Business Analysis of Didi Chuxing in the Chinese Ride-hailing Market

This essay presents my analysis of Didi Chuxing’s ride-hailing business in the Chinese market considering economic concepts and tools such as market structure,economies of scale and price anchoring to understand aspects of Didi Chuxing such as its cost structure,pricing strategies and marketing methods.As the largest ride-hailing platform in China,the success of Didi Chuxing can offer important guidelines for the healthy development and expansion of this industry to other countries.

Shanghai Lan Sheng Corp.—First Chinese Foreign Trade Company Listed on Shanghai Stock Exchange

The Shanghai Lan Sheng Corp., which used to be called the Shanghai Stationery and Sporting Goods Import and Export Company, touched off great repercussions in the international mass media and among its counterparts after it was renamed after its general manager Zhang Lansheng and its stocks were listed for transactions on

Chinese Companies and Business Leaders Have Been Very Active This Year

Engagement at the highest level generates commitment,creates alignment,and ensures trade-offs are managed strategically rather than tactically.The UK is one of the best examples of this.Earlier this year,the Cabinet created the Infrastructure&Projects Authority to consolidate