Research on the Constitutional,Historical and Practical Logic of the Chinese Path of Human Rights Development——From the Perspective of the Inclusion of Human Rights Clause in the Constitution

The inclusion of the human rights clause in the Chi-nese Constitution is a concern and expression of the spirit of the Con-stitution,which has laid the institutional regulations of the fundamen-tal law for the development of human rights in China,provided the principles and value norms of the highest level of effectiveness for the legal protection of human rights,and built a profound constitutional basis for the formation and improvement of the Chinese path of human rights development.The human rights clause is not only a summariza-tion and affirmation of the historical practice of Chinese human rights development under the leadership of the Communist Party of China,but also a new starting point for the development of human rights in China under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.It marks that the development of human rights in China has entered a new era.The Party and the state have finally embarked on a path of human rights development with Chinese characteristics by formulating and implementing the Human Rights Action Plan of China,eliminating ab-solute poverty through the national poverty alleviation campaign,and promoting human rights protection through the rule of law.

Promote the All-round Development of China's Human Right Cause in the New Era——Summary of the Symposium on “Deeply Studying and Implementing the Spirit of the 20th CPC National Congress and Adhering to the Chinese Path of Human Rights Development”

On November 8, 2022, the symposium on “Deeply Studying and Implementing the Spirit of the 20thCPC National Congress and Adhering to the Chinese Path of Human Rights Development” was held by the China Society for Human Rights Studies in Beijing. Focusing on “the leadership of the CPC and human rights development”, “adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of our times and human rights theories in contemporary China”, “the Chinese path to modernization and the new form of human rights civilization”, “Chinese human rights solutions and global human rights governance”, “making a better China’s story of advancing human rights and constructing human rights discourse system”, and other topics, the participants reached broad consensus after discussion, and the symposium achieved fruitful results.

Pioneering a New Realm of Human Rights Civilization in the Chinese Path to Modernization——An Overview of the Symposium on“The Chinese Path to Modernization and the Promotion of Free and Comprehensive Human Development”

On October 14,2023,a symposium themed“The Chinese Path to Modernization and the Promotion of Free and Comprehensive Human Development”was held in Changchun,Jilin Province,China.More than fifty experts,scholars,and researchers from national institutions and universities engaged in discussions and exchanges on human rights on the Chinese path to modernization,including the path,practice,knowledge systems,and civilization forms of human rights.This symposium played a significant role in advancing the construction of the disciplinary system,academic system,and discourse system of human rights in China.

Viewing Chinese modernization and Its Requirements for Human Rights Protection from the Perspective of Human Development

Modernization,as a specific stage in the historical development of human society,possesses a multi-layered composite structure,with each layer playing both a promoting and inhibiting role in human development and dignity simultaneously.Chinese modernization is a strategic choice made based on lessons learned from various experiences of modernization processes in other countries,reflecting judgments on the benefits and choices on the values of human development and dignity in modernization.It values the promotion of the free and well-rounded development of all individuals as its standard,demanding the full realization of the positive effects of modernization on human development and the overcoming of its negative effects.Human rights,aiming to promote the free and well-rounded development of every person as the ultimate value goal,are not only an intrinsic structural element of the modernization stage but also a social normative tool that restrains the direction of modernization development,aligning closely with the values pursued by Chinese modernization.Chinese modernization poses dual requirements for human rights protection:on the one hand,it demands the affirmation and promotion of the positive effects of modernization on human development and dignity through human rights standards,and on the other hand,it requires the prevention and mitigation of the negative effects of modernization on human development and dignity through human rights standards.There exists a certain tension between these two dimensions,necessitating an appropriate balance and thereby presenting corresponding requirements for China’s approach to human rights protection.

Human Rights and Development:China's Contributions Based on a Larger Concept of Human Rights

The Western liberal view of global governance can no longer effectively address the challenges facing the world today or respond to the demands of developing countries in the fields of human rights and development.Meanwhile,the United Nations human rights and development agenda also has its limitations.Against such a backdrop,China's path of human rights development has avoided the trap of human rights confrontation and the clash of civilizations.It has set an example of complementarity and positive interaction between human rights and development by unifying collective human rights with individual human rights and integrating the universality and particularity of human rights.Xi Jinping,general secretary of the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee,delivered a speech at the 37th group study session of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on China's Path of Human Rights Development.This elevated China's human rights development to a new historical height.Practice has proved that China's concept and path of human rights in the new era have not only effectively promoted the development of its human rights cause,but also contributed Chinese wisdom to the global cause of human rights and development with a larger concept of human rights.Under the framework of the concept of building a community with a shared future for mankind,the Belt and Road Initiative,and the Global Development Initiative,China has contributed to enhancing the discourse power of developing countries in human rights and building a fairer,more just,more reasonable and more inclusive system for global human rights governance.

The Path of Human Rights Development with Chinese Characteristics and the Party's Leadership Development

Driving the development of human rights in China and participating in global human rights governance are the inherent requirements for the development of human rights with Chinese characteristics.To explore a path for the development human rights with Chinese characteristics,the fundamental requirement is to push forward the development of the Party’s leadership in multiple dimensions while adhering to the Party’s leadership.Among them,the Party’s political leadership is the fundamental guarantee for the path of human rights development with Chinese characteristics to move in the right direction.The Party’s ideological leadership provides advanced guidance for the path of human rights development with Chinese characteristics.The Party’s strategic decision-making capability determines the effectiveness of the path of human rights development with Chinese characteristics.The Party’s capability of mobilizing and leading the whole of society and integrating political and social resources is a necessity for a sustainable power supply for the path of human rights development with Chinese characteristics.Establishing a path of human rights development with Chinese characteristics and further promoting respect for and protection of human rights are important actions to advance the Party’s leadership development in the New Era.

Taking a Path of Human Rights Development Suitable to the Economic Basis and Humanistic Environment of China, Realizing“Chinese Dream”

The Sixth Beijing Forum on Human Rights is opened today, which is co-spon- sored by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and the China Foundation for Human Rights Development. First, on behalf of the China Foundation for Human Rights Development, I would like to express warm congratulations to the opening of the Forum, and heartfelt thanks tothe friends who have always cared for and supported for the development and progress of human rights cause of China.

The Development Path for Human Rights with Chinese Characteristics

Like most countries in the world, China supports the ideal of human rights de- picted and advocated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international docu- ments and agrees with the idea that human rights should be universal. However, China also holds that to better realize the common goals of human rights requires that each coun- try explore and find the best and most efficient way in accordance with its own conditions. One of the reasons for the fast development of human rights in China since its reform and opening-up is that China has chosen a development path for human rights according to its own conditions. The path fits the conditions of China and therefore efficiently promotes the realization of universal human rights.

Historical Conditions and Experiences Summary of China’s Human Rights Development Path Since the Founding of the PRC

Since the founding of the People’s republic of china,the path of human rights development in china has been based on national liberation and state sovereignty.The practice of human rights protection in the 30 years before the launch of reform and opening-up accumulated the conditions for the practice after the launch of reform and opening-up.reform and opening-up have provided the great motivation and opportunity for the development of human rights in china.against the background of international practice,china’s human rights development path,since the founding of the People’s republic of china,has been developed in the fight against human rights diplomacy that interferes in china’s internal affairs with human rights used as a political tool.it has gone through the process from evasion to passive counterattacks,and then actively participating and playing a leading role.The 70 years’development of human rights in china shows that human rights progress is highly dependent on the country’s construction of the rule of law,and the coordinated and comprehensive promotion of human rights protection policies promotes the overall progress of the human rights.in order to promote human rights with development,the transition from the top-down path to the combination of top-down and down-top path is suggested.

A Brief Study on the Formation and Features of the Development Path of Human Rights in China

General Secretary Xi Jinping delivered an important speech at a group study session of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee on February 25,2022,stressing the importance of"unswervingly following the development path of Human Rights in China."After years of theoretical exploration and practical experience in human rights,the path has been blazed.It has been taken by adhering unswervingly to the strong leadership of the CPC,respecting the principal position of the people,practicing the people-centered development concept,proceeding from China s reality and the requirements of the people,combining the principle of universality of human rights with China's reality,strengthening the system and the rule of law protection of human rights,and actively participating in global governance on human rights.Only by unswervingly following the development path of human rights in China can the cause of human rights in China achieve better and faster development.

Implementing a More Positive Employment Policy and Promoting the Development of the Chinese Human Rights Cause

Human rights refer to the basic rights to which every person is entitled based on his or her nature and dignlty under certain social and historical circumstances. Simply put, the term means that everyone has the right to live and develop in a free and equal manner.

A Retrospective and Prospective Look at Human Rights Education in Chinese Universities and Colleges——A Simultaneous Discussion of the Basic Effects of Human Rights Education on the Human Rights Development Environment

1. The Role of Human Rights Education in Promoting Human Rights Development 1. Human rights education shapes the soft environment for human rights development

Taking the Path of Poverty Reduction with Chinese Characteristics to Promote New Progress in China's Human Rights——A Keynote Speech at the Opening Ceremony of 2018 Beijing Forum on Human Rights

The 2018 Beijing Forum on Human Rights opens on this wonderful autumn day.On behalf of the China Society for Human Rights Studies, I wish to express warm congratulations on the opening of the forum and a sincere welcome to all guests from home and abroad.

Vigorously Boosting the Development of Chinese Human Rights Theory and Practice

We feel a great honor and heavy responsibil- ity upon the Human Rights Research Center at Shandong University being named one of China＇s national human rights education and training bases. In our view, national human rights education and training bases should keep up with the times, bring into full play their ad- vantages of uniqueness and openness, complement each other, make con- certed efforts to achieve innovation and vigorously boost the development of Chinese human rights theory and practice. The university center will continue to bring into play its tradi- tional strength in theoretical research and graduate education and work hard to fulfill all the tasks of the center. It will focus on the following work.

The Justification Logic of Human Rights in Chinese Modernization

As the fruits and symbols of human civilization, human rights are pursued by people all over the world. Respecting and protecting human rights is the basic spirit of modern civilization, so it is something inherent in the concept of modernization. Chinese modernization is socialist modernization pursued under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. It contains elements common to the modernization processes of all countries, but it is more characterized by features unique to the Chinese context. It is a new path to modernization and creates a new model for human advancement. on the road to promoting Chinese modernization, China cultivated innovative human rights jurisprudence, constructed an optimized human rights system, opened up a developmental human rights approach, established a harmonious human rights relationship, and continuously promoted the well-rounded development of the people. China created a theoretical,institutional, and practical paradigm for respecting and protecting human rights that follows the principle of universal human rights and suits the local conditions, opening up a new realm of human rights civilization of mankind. The successful promotion and expansion of Chinese modernization have justified that China has found a path of human rights development that conforms to the trend of the times and suits its national conditions. The modernization of more than 1.4 billion Chinese people, a number larger than the total population of all developed countries in the world today, and the new path of human rights development will change the basic pattern of human rights development in the world and profoundly influence the process and trend of human rights civilization of mankind.

Advancing Rule of Law in Human Rights Protection While Developing a “Socialist Rule of Law System with Chinese Characteristics”

It is very timely and necessary for us to hold this seminar in the beautiful Suzhou Campus of Renmin University of China to deeply study and implement the decisions of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee,push forward the construction of China’s rule of law and jointly discuss the development of China’s human rights cause.

Persist in Law-based Protection of Human Rights and Improve the Mechanism for the Protection of Human Rights by the Rule of Law

General Secretary Xi Jinping delivered an important speech on China’s Path of Human Rights at a group study session of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on February 25,2022.Persisting with the law-based protection of human rights and improving the mechanism for the protection of human rights by the rule of law are essential for unswervingly following the development path of human rights in China.The improvement of the mechanism for the protection of human rights by the rule of law necessitates adhering to the principle of respecting the dominant role of the people and removing the institutional obstacles in rule of law protection of human rights;to comprehensively strengthen the implementation of the Constitution,advance the filing and examination of the Constitution,and safeguard the authority of the Constitution;to accelerate the theoretical innovation of human rights and the construction of the discipline system,the academic system and the discourse system of human rights that meet the needs of the new era in China,and to actively participate in and contribute to the global governance on human rights,etc.Improving the mechanism for the protection of human rights by the rule of law can provide a solid protection for people enjoying a better life.

The Chinese Expression of the Right to Subsistence:The Progressive Disclosure of the Dual Dimensions

Dedicated to the independence and prosperity of the country and the happiness of the people,the Communist Party of China has continuously enriched and developed the human rights system with Chinese characteristics during a century of arduous efforts.The right to subsistence,as the primary basic human right,is expressed from dual dimensions:the international dimension and the domestic dimension.However,the current Chinese human rights discourse hasn’t paid enough attention to the international dimension of the right to subsistence,and its content at the domestic dimension needs further clarification.This not only makes it difficult to provide a sound theoretical basis and development direction for the practices of the right to subsistence but also directly affects the integrity of the human rights system with Chinese characteristics,which is not conducive to using our human rights discourse to disseminate China’s achievements and gain international recognition.Therefore,it is vital to further improve the theory construction of the dual dimensions of the right to subsistence in the human rights system with Chinese characteristics.With the country as the main form and carrier,the international dimension of the right to subsistence originates from the people’s demands emerging from the domestic level and ending at the international level.It aims to be able to stand in the international community with dignity and possess good conditions and environments at home and abroad for the people to exercise and protect their rights.The domestic dimension of the right to subsistence centers on each individual,takes development as the measurement of human rights,and looks at the initial stage of the development axis.The progress from the domestic dimension of the right to subsistence to the right to development is achieved by satisfying the underlying needs for people’s subsistence.This also reflects the progressive deepening of emerging from the inside,responding from the outside,and then moving from the outside to the inside.

新时代十年中国绿色发展之路

新时代生态文明建设的成就举世瞩目,成为新时代党和国家事业取得历史性成就、发生历史性变革的显著标志。该研究基于生态环境治理现代化的视角,总结回顾了新时代十年中国的绿色发展历程;从绿色发展体制机制、生态环境质量、经济绿色转型、绿色低碳生活、全球可持续发展等方面出发,直观展示了新时代十年中国的绿色发展成效;以协同推进降碳、减污、扩绿、增长和正确处理五个重大关系为导向,提出新征程上深入推动绿色发展的优化路径。绿色发展是中国共产党人在不懈探索下形成的全新发展模式,是发展观的一场深刻革命,其内涵包括经济“绿色化”和绿色“经济化”两个方面,具有深刻的理论逻辑、历史逻辑和现实逻辑。从党的十八大到党的二十大的十年间,中国多措并举完善治理制度、多维联动推动环境共治、科学有力实施治理手段、多管齐下提高治理效能,成功探索出了一条顺应自然、促进人与自然和谐共生的绿色发展之路。新时代十年来,中国绿色发展的体制机制不断健全,生态环境质量实现全局性改善,经济绿色转型取得重要进展,绿色低碳生活成为新风尚,为全球可持续发展贡献中国力量,创造了举世瞩目的生态奇迹和绿色发展奇迹,绿色成为中国式现代化的显著特征。把握党的二十大提出的新任务新要求,分析当前面临的新情况新问题,新征程上继续推动绿色发展,必须切实增强系统观念,协同推进降碳、减污、扩绿、增长,加快形成降碳、减污、扩绿、增长的协同机制,正确处理5个重大关系,加快推进人与自然和谐共生的现代化,厚植高质量发展的绿色底色,推动中国绿色发展之路行稳致远。

加快形成新质生产力:关键环节、风险挑战与实现路径

新质生产力是生产力的新跃迁,形成新质生产力需要优先形成有组织的技术体系、重塑生态生产力、全方位保障人的发展。新质生产力极大地加快了中国式现代化建设的步伐,然而,作为一种新生事物,在其形成和发展过程中不可避免地会衍生出诸多问题。因此,要深刻认识新技术、新要素、新流动可能引发的智能悖论与时间悖论、数据所有权难题以及数据殖民风险。在实践中,可以通过加强科技创新、强化顶层设计、建立数智政府三条路径促进新质生产力的加快形成。