Automatic Keyphrase Extraction from Scientific Chinese Medical Abstracts Based on Character-Level Sequence Labeling

Purpose:Automatic keyphrase extraction(AKE)is an important task for grasping the main points of the text.In this paper,we aim to combine the benefits of sequence labeling formulation and pretrained language model to propose an automatic keyphrase extraction model for Chinese scientific research.Design/methodology/approach:We regard AKE from Chinese text as a character-level sequence labeling task to avoid segmentation errors of Chinese tokenizer and initialize our model with pretrained language model BERT,which was released by Google in 2018.We collect data from Chinese Science Citation Database and construct a large-scale dataset from medical domain,which contains 100,000 abstracts as training set,6,000 abstracts as development set and 3,094 abstracts as test set.We use unsupervised keyphrase extraction methods including term frequency(TF),TF-IDF,TextRank and supervised machine learning methods including Conditional Random Field(CRF),Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory Network(BiLSTM),and BiLSTM-CRF as baselines.Experiments are designed to compare word-level and character-level sequence labeling approaches on supervised machine learning models and BERT-based models.Findings:Compared with character-level BiLSTM-CRF,the best baseline model with F1 score of 50.16%,our character-level sequence labeling model based on BERT obtains F1 score of 59.80%,getting 9.64%absolute improvement.Research limitations:We just consider automatic keyphrase extraction task rather than keyphrase generation task,so only keyphrases that are occurred in the given text can be extracted.In addition,our proposed dataset is not suitable for dealing with nested keyphrases.Practical implications:We make our character-level IOB format dataset of Chinese Automatic Keyphrase Extraction from scientific Chinese medical abstracts(CAKE)publicly available for the benefits of research community,which is available at:https://github.com/possible1402/Dataset-For-Chinese-Medical-Keyphrase-Extraction.Originality/value:By designing comparative experiments,our study demonstrates that character-level formulation is more suitable for Chinese automatic keyphrase extraction task under the general trend of pretrained language models.And our proposed dataset provides a unified method for model evaluation and can promote the development of Chinese automatic keyphrase extraction to some extent.

Brief Introduction to Chinese Optics and Applied Optics Abstracts

The Chinese Optics and Applied Optics Abstracts , sponsored by the Documentation andInformation Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Optical Information Networkof the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanicsand Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, is one of the series of science andtechnology indexing periodicals published by the Chinese Academy of Sciences.The Chinese Optics and Applied Optics Abstracts started a quarterly publication in 1985,with the name of Chinese Science and Technology Document Catalogues: Optics andApplied Optics. It changed into a bimonthly publication with the name of Chinese Opticsand Applied Optics Abstracts in 1987. In combination with the Chinese Optics Documen-

Contents and Abstracts of Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering (Chinese Edition),ISSN 0577-6686,CN 11-2187/TH

Vol.43,No.7,2007 NOVEL RECOATING PROCESS WITH DYNAMIC OPTIMIZED BLADE SPEED XU Guangshen ZHAO Wanhua LU Bingheng (1.Department of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Polytechnic University,Xi’an 710048,China; 2.Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China) In order to improve the recoating quality of piston recoating system and resolve the problem that resin layer thickness increases with the height of object during building process in high-resolution stereolitho- graphy system,a novel recoating process whose blade speed is dynami- cally optimized during building process is proposed.Experiments are carried out to investigate the influence of blade speed and object height on the thickness of resin layer.The mathematical model describing the rela- tionship of recoating layer thickness with object height and blade speed is

Contents and Abstracts of Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering(Chinese Edition),ISSN 0577-6686,CN 11-2187/TH Vol.44,No.5,2008

Vol.44,No.3,2008 Investigation into Mechanism of Initial Rail Corrugation Formation at a Curved Track JIN Xuesong WEN Zefeng XIAO Xinbiao (Traction Power State Key Laboratory,Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031,China) The mechanism of initial rail corrugation formation at a curved track is analyzed with a numerical method.The numerical method consid- ers a combination of a coupling dynamic model of a half railway vehicle and a finite length curved track, Kalker′s theory of three-dimensional elastic bodies in rolling contact,and a material wear model,The Hertzian contact non-linear spring with a unilateral restrain and the non-linear tan- gent creep-force model by SHEN-Elkins-Hydrick are used to couple the vehicle model with the track model.Through the detailed analysis on the dynamic behavior of the vehicle curving and the transient contact geome- try of the wheelset and track,the normal forces,the creepases,the contact point positions,and the contact geometry parameters of the wheels and the rails are obtained.According to the known numerical results the rolling

Contents and Abstracts of Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering(Chinese Edition),ISSN 0577-6686,CN 11-2187/TH

Vol.44,No.3,2008 Investigation into Mechanism of Initial Rail Corrugation Formation at a Curved Track JIN Xuesong WEN Zefeng XIAO Xinbiao (Traction Power State Key Laboratory,Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031,China) The mechanism of initial rail corrugation formation at a curved track is analyzed with a numerical method.The numerical method consid- ers a combination of a coupling dynamic model of a half railway vehicle and a finite length curved track, Kalker′s theory of three-dimensional elastic bodies in rolling contact,and a material wear model,The Hertzian contact non-linear spring with a unilateral restrain and the non-linear tan- gent creep-force model by SHEN-Elkins-Hydrick are used to couple the vehicle model with the track model.Through the detailed analysis on the dynamic behavior of the vehicle curving and the transient contact geome- try of the wheelset and track,the normal forces,the creepases,the contact point positions,and the contact geometry parameters of the wheels and the rails are obtained.According to the known numerical results the

Contents and Abstracts of Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering(Chinese Edition),ISSN 0577-6686,CN 11-2187/TH

Method of Conceptual Design of Mechanic Product Driven by Generalized Performance WEI Zhe TAN Jianrong FENG Yixiong (State Key Laboratory of CAD&CG,Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027,China) Generalized performance of product is used as an effective tool to drive the whole process of conceptual design of mechanical product. Generalized performance of product is defined by utilizing the deduction of axiom of"object structure"which is combined with"P-E"system.And

Contents and Abstracts of Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering (Chinese Edition),ISSN 0577-6686,CN 11-2187/TH Vol. 43,No. 5,2007

EMBEDDED-BASED NETWORK NUMERICAL CONTROL TECHNOLOGY AND SYSTEM ZHOU Zude LONG Yihong LIU Quan (Hubei Digital Manufacturing Key Laboratory, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China) 1 Abstract:It is indicated that the general-purposed PC-based numerical control (NC) technology suffers from a number of problems, such as mis-match between system resources and application needs, unsuitability of the operating system to real-time control, lack of self-owned

Brief Introduction to Chinese Optics and Applied Optics Abstracts

The Chinese Optics and Applied Optics Abstracts , sponsored by the Documentation andInformation Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Optical Information Networkof the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanicsand Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, is one of the series of science andtechnology indexing periodicals published by the Chinese Academy of Sciences.The Chinese Optics and Applied Optics Abstracts started a quarterly publication in 1985,with the name of Chinese Science and Technology Document Catalogues: Optics andApplied Optics. It changed into a bimonthly publication with the name of Chinese Opticsand Applied Optics Abstracts in 1987. In combination with the Chinese

Contents and Abstracts of Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering (Chinese Edition),ISSN 0577-6686,CN 11-2187/TH

Vol.44,No.9,2008 The end effect of empirical mode decomposition that appears when using spline interpolation to get two envelops of the data is dis- cussed.The shortage of ordinary end extending methods is pointed out.An extending method based on trigonometric functions is improved,and the influence of different extending periods,length and value of end point of the data is discussed.A comparison with mirror extending method is made and analyzed.On the basis of the improved method,a new method with exponent sine function extending approach is proposed,which decreases the envelop emanation of end points of extending data,so it can improve the speed and precision of EMD,and simulation is used to prove the effec- tiveness.Results show that the proposed improved extending method can restrain the end effect effectively.

Brief Introduction to Chinese Optics and Applied Optics Abstracts

The Chinese Optics and Applied Optics Abstracts,sponsored by the Documentation andInformation Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,the Optical Information Networkof the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Changchun Institute of Optics,Fine Mechanicsand Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,is one of the series of science andtechnology indexing periodicals published by the Chinese Academy ofSciences.The Chinese Optics and Applied Optics Abstracts started a quarterly publication in 1985,

Contents and Abstracts of Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering (Chinese Edition),ISSN 0577-6686,CN 11-2187/TH(Vol.43,No.11,2007)

SOME BASIC CONCEPTS IN MODERN DESIGN THEORY XIE Youbai(1.School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030,China; 2.School of Mechanical Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049,China) Abstract:In the long march of development of design theories,many terms have been coined for explaining their new ideas.Some times one term is used by different authors with different definitions or different means,say concepts. Other times different terms are used by different authors with the same mean or concept.It is rational and necessary for the modem design theory in the

Brief Introduction to Chinese Optics and Applied Optics Abstracts

The Chinese Optics and Applied Optics Abstracts,sponsored by the Documentation andInformation Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,the Optical Information Networkof the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Changchun Institute of Optics,Fine Mechanicsand Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,is one of the series of science andtechnology indexing periodicals published by the Chinese Academy of Sciences.The Chinese Optics and Applied Optics Abstracts started a quarterly publication in 1985,

Contents and Abstracts of Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering (Chinese Edition),ISSN 0577-6686,CN 11-2187/TH Vol.43,No.9,2007

APPLICATION OF GENERALIZED DYNAMIC MATRIX CONTROL WITH STATE OBSERVER IN POSITION SERVO SYSTEM OF STRIP MILL WANG Yiqun SUN Menghui ZHANG Wei LIU Jian(College of Mechanical Engineering,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao 066004,China) The structure of the strip mill is complicated,and its control sys- tem becomes more and more precise and intellective.But the PID control strategy,being comprehensively used in the locale,is difficult to satisfy the request of improving the control precision of the strip mill,because the ro- bust is not very well.So the generalized dynamic matrix control was applied to design the predictive controllers in position servo system of strip mill,and strategy of the receding-horizon optimization,and the feedback correction were adopted.The state observer was constructed,which made the control

Contents and Abstracts of Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering (Chinese Edition),ISSN 0577-6686,CN 11-2187/TH

Vol.43,No.3,2007 NEXT GENERATION LITHOGRAPHY——IMPRINT LITHOGRAPHY DING Yucheng LIU Hongzhong LU Bingheng LI Dichen (State Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China) 1

Contents and Abstracts of Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering (Chinese Edition),Vol.43,No.1～2,2007

SEVERAL ISSUES OF SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENT OF SAFETY PRODUCTION (INCLUDING SAFETY MANUFACTURING) IN CHINA ZHONG Qunpeng ZHANG Zheng YOU Yiliang (School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China) Abstract: Taking the viewpoint of scientific development on safety produc-

Brief Introduction to Chinese Optics and Applied Optics Abstracts

The Chinese OPtics and APPIied OPtics Abstracts,sponsored by the Documentation andInformationCenter of the Chinese Aeademy of Seienees,the OPtieal Information Networkof the Chinese Aeademy of Seienees and the Changehun Institute of Opties,Fine Meehan-ies and Physies

The Abstracts of Papers in the Chinese Edition of This Journal

The Critical Current Density and Mierostructures ofYBCO Superconductor by Melt-Textured Growth(MTG)Method Ren Hong-Tao(任洪涛),XiaoLing(肖玲),He Qing(贺庆),Wang Rui-Kun(王瑞坤),Chang Shi-An(常世安),Li Jun(李君)andYu Ding-An(俞定安)(General Research Institute forNon-Ferrous Metals,Beijing 100088)CuiChang-Geng(崔长庚),Li Shan-Lin(李山林)(Insti-tute of Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences),1991,9(1),24.

Brief Introduction to Chinese Optics and Applied Optics Abstracts

The Chinese Optics and Applied Optics Abstracts,sponsored by the Documentation and In- formation Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,the Optical Information Network of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Changchun Institute of Optics,Fine Mechanics and Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,is one of the series of science and technology in- dexing periodicals published by the Chinese Academy of Sciences．