A Review of Research on Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition with Multi-Feature Fusion

This paper analyzes the progress of handwritten Chinese character recognition technology,from two perspectives:traditional recognition methods and deep learning-based recognition methods.Firstly,the complexity of Chinese character recognition is pointed out,including its numerous categories,complex structure,and the problem of similar characters,especially the variability of handwritten Chinese characters.Subsequently,recognition methods based on feature optimization,model optimization,and fusion techniques are highlighted.The fusion studies between feature optimization and model improvement are further explored,and these studies further enhance the recognition effect through complementary advantages.Finally,the article summarizes the current challenges of Chinese character recognition technology,including accuracy improvement,model complexity,and real-time problems,and looks forward to future research directions.

Bio-soft matter derived from traditional Chinese medicine:Characterizations of hierarchical structure,assembly mechanism,and beyond

Structural and functional explorations on bio-soft matter such as micelles,vesicles,nanoparticles,aggregates or polymers derived from traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has emerged as a new topic in the field of TCM.The discovery of such cross-scaled bio-soft matter may provide a unique perspective for unraveling the new effective material basis of TCM as well as developing innovative medicine and biomaterials.Despite the rapid rise of TCM-derived bio-soft matter,their hierarchical structure and assembly mechanism must be unambiguously probed for a further in-depth understanding of their pharmacological activity.In this review,the current emerged TCM-derived bio-soft matter assembled from either small molecules or macromolecules is introduced,and particularly the unambiguous elucidation of their hierarchical structure and assembly mechanism with combined electron microscopic and spectroscopic techniques is depicted.The pros and cons of each technique are also discussed.The future challenges and perspective of TCM-derived bio-soft matter are outlined,particularly the requirement for their precise in situ structural determination is highlighted.

Study on the Photosynthetic Characteristics of Six Varieties(Strains)in Chinese Chestnut

[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the differences of photosynthetic physiological characteristics of different varieties(strains),which will provide a theoretical basis for high photosynthesis efficiency breeding and application in Chinese chestnut.[Methods]Six Chinese chestnut varieties of Castanea mollissima‘Yanbao’,C.mollissima‘Yanqiu’,C.mollissima‘Yanchang’,C.mollissima‘Yanjia’,C.mollissima‘Qianxi 37’,and C.mollissima‘Hybrid 22’were used as the materials.Using the portable photosynthesis system Li-6400,we measured the photosynthetic characteristics and diurnal variation of leaf samples of six different chestnut varieties or strains.We fitted the light response curves and photosynthetic parameters using the leaf floating model.Additionally,we determined the chlorophyll content in the leaves using a UV-visible spectrophotometer.[Results]Among the six chestnut varieties or strains,‘Yanqiu’exhibited a significantly higher photosynthetic light saturation point(P LSP)compared to other five varieties,and‘Hybrid 22’ranked second,indicating that these two varieties had the strongest adaptation to high light intensity.The photosynthetic light compensation point(P LCP)of‘Yanchang’was significantly higher than other five varieties,and"Qianxi 37"ranked second,indicating that these two varieties had the strongest adaptation to low light intensity.Additionally,they exhibited higher chlorophyll content and maintained good photosynthetic characteristics even in shaded environments with weak light stress.Varieties‘Yanbao’and‘Yanjia’showed higher P LSP and lower P LCP,indicating that these two varieties have a wider range of adaptation to light intensity.They were capable of efficiently utilizing light across a broader spectrum of intensities.‘Yanqiu’had the highest maximum net photosynthetic rate(P n,max)and the lowest dark respiration rate(R d),along with the highest chlorophyll content.It indicated that‘Yanqiu’has strong photosynthetic capacity and organic matter accumulation ability.It also had the highest P LSP,enabling it to fully utilize the high light environment of the Yanshan Mountains and possessed high light efficiency characteristics.The P n,max of‘Yanqiu’was significantly higher than other varieties.‘Hybrid 22’and‘Yanbao’also exhibited significantly higher P n,max compared with‘Yanjia’and‘Qianxi 37’.‘Yanchang’had the lowest P n,max.The order of P n,max among the six chestnut varieties or strains was as follows:‘Yanqiu’>‘Hybrid 22’>‘Yanbao’>‘Yanjia’>‘Qianxi 37’>‘Yanchang’.[Conclusions]

Characteristics and demographic factors of traditional Chinese medicine constitution types among elderly individuals in China:A national multistage cluster random study Author links open overlay panel

Objective:To reveal the distribution characteristics and demographic factors of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution among elderly individuals in China.Methods: Elderly individuals from seven regions in China were selected as samples in this study using a multistage cluster random sampling method.The basic information questionnaire and Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire(Elderly Edition)were used.Descriptive statistical analysis,chi-squared tests,and binary logistic regression analysis were used.Results: The single balanced constitution(BC)accounted for 23.9%.The results of the major TCM constitution types showed that BC(43.2%)accounted for the largest proportion and unbalanced constitutions ranged from 0.9%to 15.7%.East China region(odds ratio[OR]=2.097;95%confidence interval[CI],1.912 to 2.301),married status(OR=1.341;95%CI,1.235 to 1.457),and managers(OR=1.254;95%CI,1.044 to 1.505)were significantly associated with BC.Age>70 years was associated with qi-deficiency constitution and blood stasis constitution(BSC).Female sex was significantly associated with yang-deficiency constitution(OR=1.646;95%CI,1.52 to 1.782).Southwest region was significantly associated with phlegm-dampness constitution(OR=1.809;95%CI,1.569 to 2.086).North China region was significantly associated with inherited special constitution(OR=2.521;95%CI,1.569 to 4.05).South China region(OR=2.741;95%CI,1.997 to 1.3.763),Central China region(OR=8.889;95%CI,6.676 to 11.835),senior middle school education(OR=2.442;95%CI,1.932 to 3.088),and managers(OR=1.804;95%CI,1.21 to 2.69)were significantly associated with BSC.Conclusions: This study defined the distribution characteristics and demographic factors of TCM constitution in the elderly population.Adjusting and improving unbalanced constitutions,which are correlated with diseases,can help promote healthy aging through the scientific management of these demographic factors.

Translation Strategies for the Chinese Four-Character Structure Into German:The Case Study of Stories From Xi Jinping Erzählt GeschichtenÜBer Die Kommunistische Partei Chinas

In the context of globalization,cultural exchanges among countries are becoming increasingly intimate.As we embark on a new era,the external promotion of the red culture of Party history has emerged as a crucial avenue for conveying the good voice of China,showcasing Chinese wisdom,and enhancing China’s image.Xi Jinping Erzählt GeschichtenÜber Die Kommunistische Partei Chinas includes over 80 stories narrated by General Secretary Xi Jinping,providing readers worldwide with a deeper understanding of the revolutionary spirit of the Communist Party of China.This paper systematically categorizes and analyzes the four-character phrases found in Xi Jinping Erzählt GeschichtenÜber Die Kommunistische Partei Chinas,employing the theory of cultural translation to explore translation strategies for these phrases in the context of Party history literature.This research aims to promote the global dissemination of China’s red culture and foster a greater understanding of China in the world.

Characteristics and Practice of Decorative Language in Contemporary Chinese Oil Painting Art

This paper deeply discusses the characteristics of decorative language in China’s contemporary oil painting art,analyzes its performance in form,color,and composition,and expounds on the application of decorative language in contemporary oil painting practice with specific artists’works.Through the study of this unique artistic language,this paper reveals the innovation and development of China’s contemporary oil painting in integrating traditional and modern,Eastern and Western artistic elements,and provides theoretical reference and practical enlightenment for the further development of China’s contemporary oil painting art.

English Translation of Political Terminologies with Chinese Characteristics:A Case Study of the 20th CPC National Congress Report

The philosophies, thoughts, strategies, and measures introduced in the 20th National Congress report of the Communist Party of China chart the course for the nation’s future development. The political terminologies with Chinese characteristics presented in the report form a crucial part of China’s distinct political development model, while also presenting considerable challenges for translation. Drawing on a Chinese-English parallel corpus of political terminologies from the 20th Congress report, this study explores the translation of these terms with a focus on four-character patterns, numerical abbreviations, and idiomatic expressions. The goal is to develop effective translation strategies and contribute to research on translating political terminologies with Chinese characteristics.

Characterization of Genetic Polymorphism of Novel MHC B-LBⅡ Alleles in Chinese Indigenous Chickens

Genetic polymorphism of the major histocompatibility complex （MHC） B-LBⅡ gene was studied by amplification of exon 2 using PCR, followed by cloning and DNA sequencing in eight indigenous Chinese chicken populations. To reveal the genetic variation of the B-LB Ⅱ gene, 37 types of patterns detected by PCR-SSCP were investigated first, which would be used to screen novel B-LB Ⅱsequences within the breeds. The types of PCR-SSCP patterns and final sequencing allowed for the identification of 31 novel MHC B-LBⅡ alleles from 30 unrelated individuals of Chinese chickens that were sampled. These are the first designators for the alleles of chicken MHC B-LBⅡ gene based on the rule of assignment for novel mammalian alleles. Sequence alignment of the 31 B-LB Ⅱ alleles revealed a total of 68 variable sites in the fragment of exon 2, of which 51 parsimony informative and 17 singleton variable sites were observed. Among the polymorphic sites, the nucleotide substitutions in the first and second positions of the codons accounted for 36.76% and 35.29%, respectively. The sequence similarities between the alleles were estimated to be 90.6%-99.5%. The relative frequencies of synonymous and nonsynonymous nucleotide substitutions within the region were 2.92%±0.94% and 14.64%±2.67%, respectively. These results indicated that the genetic variation within exon 2 appeared to have largely arisen by gene recombination and balancing selection. Alignment of the deduced amino acid sequences of the β1 domain coded by exon 2 revealed 6 synonymous mutations and 27 nonsynonymous substitutions at the 33 disparate sites. In particular, the nonsynonymous substitutions at the putative peptide-binding sites are considered to be associated with immunological specificity of MHC B-LB Ⅱ molecule in Chinese native chickens. These results can provide a molecular biological basis for the study of disease resistance in chicken breeding.

Economic Characters of Thirty-three Chinese Rice Cultivars in Angola

[Objective] The aim was to research economic characters of thirty-three Chinese rice cultivars in Angola.[Method] In the research,twenty-eight hybrid mid-indica rice cultivars and five conventional Japonica rice cultivars were classified into three groups and then grown in Luanda to analyze adaptability,fertility and major economic characters of the rice in rainy season.[Result] The research showed that of twenty-eight hybrid mid-indica rice cultivars,ten cultivars were of better adaptability and fertility,which are suitable to be grown in Luanda in Angola;productive ear number,total grain per ear,thousand-seed weight and ratio of grain to straw of the rice cultivars performed normally,but the whole developmental period shortened and seedling setting rate improved significantly.In addition,hybrid indica Teyou 721,Quanxiangyou 512,II you 128 and 102S/4HZ021 were of fertility potential at 11.5 t/hm2,which were all proved excellent in related characters in rainy season in Luanda of Angola.For conventional mid-season rice indica cultivars,Wandao 51 and Huanghuazhan were of better adaptability and fertility.In contrast,5 Japonica rice cultivars were of poor adaptability.[Conclusion] The research provided technical references for Chinese rice growing in Angola.

Effects of Hypergravity on Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Chinese Cabbage

The Chinese cabbage seed used in this study was Xinfengkang 90. The tested seeds were treated with 1 000×g, 2 000×g and 4 000×g of hypergravity for 20, 40 and 60 min respectively. The Chinese cabbage leaves were col ected at the early seedling stage for the determination of free proline content, POD activity and SOD activity. The results showed the free proline content was lowest in the seeds treated with 40-min 2 000-g gravity, while it was highest for the 60-min 4 000-g gravity treatment. Compared to the control, al the hypergravity treatments inhibited the synthesis of free proline. The POD activity was highest in the seeds treated with 20-min 1 000-g gravity, while it was lowest in the seeds treated with 60-min 2 000-g gravity. Considering the SOD activity, the 40-min 1 000-g gravity treatment was highest, and the 60-min 4 000-g gravity treatment was lowest. lt was indicated that appropriate hypergravity treatment was conducive to increasing the SOD activity.

Analysis on Characters and Growth Factors of academicians of Agriculture Faculty of Chinese Academy of Engineering

The research analyzed birthplace, work site and Work unit, discipline, agri- cultural product variety, current age, and selected age, as well as internal and exter- nal factors for growth, which providers references for exploring development of high- level agricultural S＆T talents and formulation of relevant policies.

Molecular mechanism and research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of prostate cancer

Prostate cancer(PCa)is one of the most common malignant tumors in the male genitourinary system,ranking second in incidence worldwide.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),as an important component of complementary and alternative medicine,shows unique advantages in cancer treatment.Chinese herbal medicine is usually composed of multiple ingredients and involves multiple signaling pathways,which showed function of inducing apoptosis of cancer cells,arresting the cell cycle,inhibiting invasion and metastasis,reducing drug resistance,and regulating immune function.Physical therapy is also an important treatment of TCM.Currently,Physical therapy such as acupuncture or Tai Chi and Qigong are gaining increased recognition in the management of PCa,particularly in addressing issues like urinary incontinence and bone metastasis-related pain.This article reviews the TCM treatment and therapy of PCa,in order to provide new research avenues and treatment options for the treatment of PCa with TCM and improve the quality of life of patients.

An exemplification of the Evolving Process by Studying the Chinese Character Mao

This paper tries to demarcate the evolving process of decategorization into three periods and exemplify it by studying the Chinese character Mao.The exemplification shows the correctness of the demarcation.

The Women Characters of the 1930s in the Chinese TV Serials

The women of the 1930s in the Chinese TV serials deduct inspiring stories.They play different roles in the big wealthy families such as mothers-in-law,daughters-in-law,and maidservants.There are unceasing conflicts between these women,because of their struggle for men's love,wealth or social position.The theme of their stories is always about fertility,love,kindness and evil,with the ending being either comic or tragic.The stories of various kinds of women of the 1930s in the Chinese TV serials decorate and enrich the lives of many of us latecomers and their names are passed on from generation to generation.

探讨Chinese way术式在关节镜下治疗巨大肩袖损伤的应用价值

目的探讨Chinese way术式在关节镜下治疗巨大肩袖损伤的应用价值,为临床治疗提供参考。方法选取2022年3月至2024年3月于扬州市江都中医院接受治疗的70例巨大肩袖损伤患者的临床资料,进行回顾性分析。根据治疗方式不同分为双排锚钉缝线桥组和Chinese way组,每组35例。双排锚钉缝线桥组患者采用关节镜下双排锚钉缝线桥固定术治疗,Chinese way组患者采用关节镜下Chinese way术式治疗。比较两组患者肩关节活动度、并发症发生情况、Fugl-Meyer评定量表(FMA-UE)评分。结果术后3个月,两组患者前屈、后伸、内旋、外旋的肩关节活动度均增加,且Chinese way组均大于双排锚钉缝线桥组(均P<0.05)。Chinese way组患者并发症总发生率低于双排锚钉缝线桥组(均P<0.05)。术后3个月,两组患者运动功能、感觉功能、平衡功能、关节活动度、疼痛的各项FMA-UE评分均升高,且Chinese way组均高于双排锚钉缝线桥组(均P<0.05)。结论Chinese way术式在关节镜下治疗巨大肩袖损伤的效果较好,可有效提升患者肩关节活动度和上肢运动功能,且安全性较高,值得临床应用。

Advances in Research of Preparation and Application of Pure Functional Yaoqu by Adding Traditional Chinese Medicine

This paper introduces the origin and research status of traditional Yaoqu(Chinese medicinal koji)in China,and advances in the research of preparation and development of pure functional Yaoqu.The study results showed that the quality of the products was significantly improved when pure Yaoqu was used as saccharifying agent in the brewing of sake,soy sauce and other products.Based on the high saccharification performance and special functional components,Yaoqu can be applied to the development of fermented food.

Cohort study on the treatment of BRAF V600E mutant metastatic colorectal cancer with integrated Chinese and western medicine

BACKGROUND Patients with BRAF V600E mutant metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC)have a low incidence rate,poor biological activity,suboptimal response to conventional treatments,and a poor prognosis.In the previous cohort study on mCRC conducted by our team,it was observed that integrated Chinese and Western medicine treatment could significantly prolong the overall survival(OS)of patients with colorectal cancer.Therefore,we further explored the survival benefits in the population with BRAF V600E mutant mCRC.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of integrated Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of BRAF V600E mutant metastatic colorectal cancer.METHODS A cohort study was conducted on patients with BRAF V600E mutant metastatic colorectal cancer admitted to Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January 2016 to December 2022.The patients were divided into two cohorts.RESULTS A total of 34 cases were included,with 23 in Chinese-Western medicine cohort(cohort A)and 11 in Western medicine cohort(cohort B).The median overall survival was 19.9 months in cohort A and 14.2 months in cohort B,with a statistically significant difference(P=0.038,hazard ratio=0.46).The 1-3-year survival rates were 95.65%(22/23),39.13%(9/23),and 26.09%(6/23)in cohort A,and 63.64%(7/11),18.18%(2/11),and 9.09%(1/11)in cohort B,respectively.Subgroup analysis showed statistically significant differences in median OS between the two cohorts in the right colon,liver metastasis,chemotherapy,and first-line treatment subgroups(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Integrated Chinese and Western medicine can prolong the survival and reduce the risk of death in patients with BRAF V600E mutant metastatic colorectal cancer,with more pronounced benefits observed in patients with right colon involvement,liver metastasis,combined chemotherapy,and first-line treatment.

A Comparative Perspective on Characterization in Classical Chinese Fiction

As an important aspect of fiction or narrative in general,characterization has long been a popular object for scholarly enquiries in literary studies. However,the well-known distinction into direct and indirect characterizations discursively formulated in Western literary theory may not be capable of accommodating various forms of characterization in other literatures and cultures. This article sets out to summarize and discuss the distinctive approaches to characterization in classical Chinese fiction in the triple purpose of complementing the binary distinction in the West,introducing the indigenous Chinese literary theory to Western readers,and facilitating their reading and understanding of Chinese fiction.

Harnessing multi-omics approaches to elucidate the role of Chinese herbal compounds in chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal damage

In this editorial,we discuss the findings reported by Wang et al in the latest issue of the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology.Various research methodologies,including microbiome analysis,assert that the Tzu-Chi Cancer-Antagonizing and Life-Protecting II Decoction of Chinese herbal compounds mitigates inflammatory responses by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway.This action helps maintain the dynamic equilibrium of the intestinal microecology and lessens chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal damage.The efficacy of these compounds is intimately linked to the composition of intestinal microbes.These compounds regulate intestinal microecology by virtue of their specific compatibility and effectiveness,thereby enhancing the overall therapeutic outcomes of cancer chemotherapy.Nonetheless,the exact mechanisms underlying these effects warrant further investigation.Multi-omics technologies offer a systematic approach to elucidate the mechanisms and effectiveness of Chinese herbal compounds in vivo.This manuscript reviews the application of multi-omics technologies to Chinese herbal compounds and explores their potential role in modulating the gastrointestinal microenvironment following cancer chemotherapy,thus providing a theoretical foundation for their continued use in adjunct cancer treatment.

Mitigating ethyl carbamate production in Chinese rice wine:Role of raspberry extract

This study investigated the use of raspberry extract(RBE) for mitigating ethyl carbamate(EC) accumulation in Chinese rice wine(Huangjiu), a traditional fermented beverage. It focused on the addition of RBE to the fermentation mash and its effects on EC levels. The results showed a significant reduction in EC production that could be attributed to RBE's role in altering urea and citrulline catabolism and inhibiting arginine metabolism, thus preventing EC precursors from reacting with ethanol. Additionally, RBE enhanced the rice wine's flavor profile, as shown by volatile component and amino acid analysis. This study also explored RBE's impact on the metabolism of arginine by Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a simulated fermentation environment, and found increased arginine, reduced urea and citrulline levels, altered enzyme activities, and gene expression changes in the arginine metabolism and transport pathways. In conclusion, the results clearly demonstrated RBE's efficacy in reducing the EC content in Chinese rice wine, offering valuable insights for EC reduction strategies.