Application of Traditional Chinese Culture in Cross-Cultural English Education:A Case Study of the Maritime Silk Road in Guangdong Province

The phenomenon of aphasia in Chinese culture is serious.The existing English teaching materials emphasize too much Western culture education and lack traditional Chinese cultural elements.Therefore,this paper takes the Guangdong Maritime Silk Road as an example to study the specific application of traditional Chinese culture in cross-cultural English education.This paper first summarizes the significance of cross-cultural integration into college English education and then points out the serious phenomenon of Chinese cultural aphasia.Next,the paper focuses on English education,using English textbooks as a starting point to explore and integrate strategies related to excellent traditional Chinese culture from the Guangdong Maritime Silk Road.By integrating traditional Chinese culture into business English classes(with the Guangdong Maritime Silk Road as an example),the study explores the influence of such cultural integration on students’cross-cultural communication skills,cultural identity,and learning effects.The results showed that the P value of the experimental group and the control group was<0.05,that is,cultural integration had a positive effect on improving the effect of cross-cultural English education.The overall scores and cultural confidence of the experimental group are higher than those of the control group,which proves that cross-cultural teaching has a positive effect on the improvement of students’scores.

A Brief Analysis of the Migration of Silk Weaving Craftsmen and the Spread of Silk Weaving Techniques in the Ancient Bashu Area along the Southern Silk Road

During ancient times,silk weaving techniques already matured in the Bashu area and“Shu Satin”silk products were widely known.Shu Satin not only performed as a high-quality commodity in the Northern Silk Road trade activities,but also conveyed cultural and social significance.Credit for the importance of Shu Satin must go to the extraordinary weavers in the Bashu area.The migration and circulation of these weavers spread the exquisite brocade and sericulture techniques throughout and beyond the Bashu area,and accelerated brocade and sericulture techniques in ancient southern China,Myanmar,and Vietnam.Accordingly,the Southern Silk Road can be seen as a path to disseminate the silk weaving techniques that originated in the Bashu area.This paper takes the migration of Shu Satin as its mainline and discusses how the weaving craftsmen spread the brocade and sericulture techniques throughout southern China during their travels and migrations,and the immeasurable contributions these craftsmen made to economic and trade activities along the ancient Southern Silk Road.This paper explores the technical accumulation and dissemination of brocade craftsmen in the Bashu area from three perspectives.The first perspective is the accumulation period of the ancient silk weaving techniques-the inflow of craftsmen from central China and the development and integration of the sericulture and silk weaving techniques in the Bashu area.The second is the technique dissemination period,centered on the silk weaving craftsmen in the Chengdu region of the Bashu area.The third is the techniques’outmigration period and the migration and circulation of craftsmen throughout the Bashu area.This paper strives to outline the dynamic lines that the Bashu silk weaving craftsmen created and the spread of their exquisite weaving techniques during their migration and circulation.This will illustrate that the ancient Southern Silk Road was not only a trade and cultural exchange zone for ancient silk commodities,but more importantly,it was a dynamic space for the dissemination and development of brocade weaving techniques.

The Silk Road(丝绸之路)and Sources of Chinese Medicine Expansion: Part Ⅲ-Histories

Medicine and knowledge of medical practice have been exchanged along the Silk Road since antiquity.Medical texts provide the vast majority of information about the drugs,techniques,and ideas that passed from foreign lands into China and became part of Chinese medicine.In addition to the medical corpus,historical works provide the backdrop for how,when,and from where these ideas and medicines entered and influenced Chinese medical practice.Examining the historical texts and the information pertaining to medical exchange can allow us to better understand how foreign cultures and practices of medicine along the Silk Road entered and influenced Chinese Medicine.

The Silk Road and Sources of Chinese Medicine Expansion:Part 2-Formularies

Medicines have been traded along the Silk Road from antiquity until modern times.These products and their associated knowledge have been transferred over the land and sea between Asia,Europe,and Africa.Numerous texts that contain formulas and treatments passed along the Silk Road.Collections of these formulas and treatment methods called formularies contain unique information that informs this transfer of medicine.The texts and information flowed in both directions along these routes and while Chinese medicine influenced foreign medical practices both in history,and today,the incorporation of non-Chinese medicine and information also continues to influence Chinese medicine.

The Silk Road and Sources of Chinese Medicine Expansion: Part 1 – Materia Medica

The Silk Road stretched over land and across seas connecting Europe,Africa,and Asia.The trade of medicine along these routes has had profound impacts on the populations and traditions they have come into contact with.Chinese Medicine is no exception as it has taken numerous nonnative products and incorporated them into the unique philosophical construct of systematic correspondences that govern its practice.By looking at the four categories of primary source materials and studying the history of medical exchange along the Silk Road,we can determine how and where this information is used in Chinese Medicine.The Materia Medica(ben cao本草)texts are the first source of information for this study that will explore multiple sources to better understand the development of Chinese Medicine in relation to the rest of the world.

The Silk Road (丝绸之路) and Sources of Chinese Medicine Expansion:Part 4 – Miscellaneous Texts

Medical works and histories provide a general understanding of foreign influence on Chinese medicine,but a variety of miscellaneous texts give a deeper understanding of the details of this interaction.Trade manuals,notes on foreign interactions,archeological discoveries,and religious works all fill in important details on the incorporation of foreign medicines and ideas into Chinese medicine.

Analysis of Thai Chinese Businessmen’s Identification With China in the Context of Maritime Silk Road Development-Take a Cover Interview of@ManGu Bangkok,a Mainstream Chinese Language Magazine in Thailand as an Example

Thai Chinese businessmen are important practitioners and supporters of China’s construction of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road,serving as important trendsetters among ASEAN countries with great significance.In this context,this paper analyses and presents the image of Thai Chinese businessmen and their identification with China under the framework of the report and discourse by taking the cover interview of the Chinese mainstream magazine@ManGu Bangkok in Thailand as an example,to show the sentiment and sense of belonging of overseas Chinese to their ancestral homeland,and to provide an emotional“link”for China and ASEAN countries in the mutually beneficial cooperation.

From Text to Field:Study on the Intercultural Communication of Music in Collection of Chinese Works and Translations by Matteo Ricci from the Perspective of Maritime Silk Road

In this paper,with Collection of Chinese Works by Matteo Ricci written by Zhu Weizheng and A summary Interpretation of Chinese literature of Matteo Ricci in Ming and Qing Dynasties written by Tang Kaijian as major research texts and historical basis,as well as intercultural communication as the major research method,the aesthetic adaptation of native music of traditional Chinese music,etiquette,sacrifice and religious customs under the description of Matteo Ricci is discussed and interpreted from the perspective of the spread of musical culture of the Maritime Silk Road,four stages of field investigation are planned,and related musical activities and local musical phenomena appearing in his literature have an on-site visit.In this way,the vital position and historical significance of Matteo Ricci’s cultural missionary activities in the music communication on the Maritime Silk Road are obtained.

The Spread of Chinese-character Culture on the Silk Road During the Tang Dynasty

The spread of Chinese characters and Chinese classic works during the Tang Dynasty presented diversified discourses of acceptance and development in different periods and regions. This was due to the differences in commercial, economic, political, religious, and cultural environments proportional to the real environment's demand for Chinese characters and Chinese classical works. Chinese characters were introduced to Gaochang, Qiuci, Khotan, Korea, Japan, and Vietnam as early as the Han Dynasty, with different development paths in these regions. It is easy to form a long lasting culture spread by Chinese language and characters, as long as official languages are consistent with national or religious languages of the regions. It is difficult to form a long lasting culture spread by official languages and characters if the official languages and characters are inconsistent with either languages of daily life or religious languages. Once there is replacement of official languages and characters, or a change in religious belief, it would cause incompatibility between official languages and daily life languages, Chinese-character culture is bound to decline and gradually fade way. But if there are Han people, they will retain the use of Chinese characters.

Growth of Chinese Medicine in Iran: Past, Present, and Prospects

The international recognition of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has continuously increased,and that medical practice has gradually become incorporated into the medical systems of many nations.As an important country in the Belt and Road Initiative,Iran has enormous potential for cooperation with China in medical and health care.High-level officials of the two countries attach great importance to cooperation in both areas.Despite the recent rapid development of TCM in Iran,that medical practice still faces many problems;examples here are the lack of practitioners of TCM as well as the paucity of comprehensive cooperation among herbal medicine factories,publishing houses,traditional medicine colleges,and universities in the two countries.The present study collected and analyzed materials related to the practice of TCM in Iran;it made a deep examination of the current situation,problems,and development prospects regarding TCM in Iran with the aim of providing ideas and references to promote the international development of that form of medicine.Following an analysis of the development trends of TCM in Iran in recent years,it became evident that the prospects for TCM in that country are extensive,and the practice has excellent potential.

Early Interactions between the Hellenistic and Greco-Roman World and the Chinese: The Ancient Afro-Eurasian Routes in Medicine and the Transmission of Disease

This paper discusses the historical exchanges,communications,and circumstances that initially enabled the opening of trade routes between China and the Hellenistic and Greco-Roman world.In addition,it explains how ancient Greeks first became aware of China,and the original premise of trading silk for horses.Historical Chinese texts are analyzed to identify references to the Hellenistic and Greco-Roman world in an attempt to elucidate the extent of official interactions between the two cultures.Historical and archaeological sources confirm that trade existed for millennia before Western Europeans traveled to China during the Age of Exploration.The thesis describes how silk and disease traveled from east to west and explains the historical conditions that allowed the exchange of ideas,practices,beliefs,and culture.

Sichuan: An Important Cradle of Chinese Silk Civilization

Silk is a unique token of ancient Chinese Civilization that is not owned by any of the other three ancient civilizations of the world. It originated in China, synchronized with the start of the entire Chinese Civilization and germinated in various areas as early as the Neolithic period. Sichuan, the known "Land of Abundance" gifted with unrivalled natural and cultural resources, used to be one of the cradles where the Chinese silk culture originated and evolved, and a key hub for the Silk Road in history. Ever since the Han and Tang Dynasties, Sichuan brocade, Sichuan embroidery, Sichuan cloth, lacquerware, Qiong bamboo rod, as well as other specialties from Sichuan have found their way into the trades along the Silk Road, earning Sichuan an especially distinctive reputation. Today, with the cultural communication and cooperation made by the Belt and Road Initiative, Sichuan will also play its due part in promoting mutual learning between countries.

绿洲丝路民俗交融的实践内涵、显著特征及其对当代各民族交往交流交融的启示

在以有形有感有效铸牢中华民族共同体意识的今天,从中华民族交往交流交融史、中华民族史等纵向维度展示中华民族共同体的内涵和意义,对于具有一定学科背景、知识储备的群体较为适用,但其内容过于遥远、叙事过于宏大,不易被广大民众理解和接受,需要简单通俗的语言和日常生活的参与来引导他们理解中华民族交往交流交融史的意义和价值。在聚焦绿洲丝路沿线各民族民俗融合的现实情景,以服饰民俗的共适与互动、饮食民俗的多元与共享、居住民俗的采借与创新、交通民俗的演变与互通等与民众现实生活息息相关的物质民俗为切口,横向维度透视各民族从生产、生活层面到情感、精神层面深度交融的基础上,总结衣食住行融合的鲜活性、日常性、直观性、民间性等特点,可说明交往交流交融必须落到衣食住行层面,才能因交往而得以生活,因交流得以互鉴,因交融得以共生。最后在交融加深的基础上,才能建设中华民族共同体,进而推动各民族交往交流交融回归生活本性。

中古“全球文明”研究的示范——评荣新江著《从张骞到马可·波罗:丝绸之路十八讲》

荣新江先生的新著《从张骞到马可·波罗:丝绸之路十八讲》是一部极为重要的著作。全书各讲从比较微观的视角出发,来整体构建一个宏阔的丝绸之路的历史。本文从五个方面进行评介,即研究成果的创新之处、对其他学科的影响、研究方法与视野、几点感想,并试析本书的学术义理和余论。该书重点利用敦煌西域文书与文物,可谓在新视野下利用“新材料”的“新著作”,为我们提供了写作丝绸之路历史,或曰中古“全球文明”史的一种相当有说服力的可能性,必定在国际学术界与知识界占有重要位置。

从诃梨勒到诃子:中印文化交流视域下的本草“中国化”

诃梨勒作为一味产自印度、伊朗等地的果药,经由丝绸之路上的胡商、胡僧从海陆两种途径进入中国。经过中医吸收与创新,来自域外的诃梨勒不仅化身为中医治病救人的常用方剂药诃子,而且还融进先民的宗教、饮食、染色等日常生活,丰富了中原地区人们的生活。就物质文化内涵而言,因为诃梨勒融入了历史、文化、宗教等诸多元素,所以其早已超越药材本身的价值,成为丝绸之路以及中印文化交流史上具有特别意义的物质文化符号,充分体现了中华优秀传统文化对外来事物强大的吸纳与创新能力,是为中印文化交流的一个缩影。

陇右金石简帛文献之“发现”与中华文化“丝绸之路传播”的学术建构

20世纪初以来,陇右地区丝绸之路沿线所发现的图像(彩陶、岩画等)和金石简帛,共同构成了一个数量众多、形态多样、内容丰富的见证中华民族多元一体背景下的文明起源、中西文化交流盛况的“资料库”。丝绸之路陇右段出土先唐文献的整理研究与中华文化的丝绸之路传播建构,在20世纪以来大致经历了发现、整理、研究三个阶段,图像、器铭、简帛、石刻等四大类基础文献材料的整理引起了国际国内学界的重视,各类文献的研究也取得了较大的成绩,初步建构了中华文化丝绸之路传播的文献体系。百余年来陇右出土先唐金石简帛文献的发现、整理与研究史,就是该区域中华文化对外传播和中西方文化交流融合的学术话语体系的建构史。梳理其研究史成果,明确下一步研究的方向,至关重要。

凉山州清溪峡古道上海棠镇各民族的互动与交融

“路”既是连接和流动的重要载体和媒介,也是一种典型的人造网络,它可以将小地方与大地方、偏远地区与国家、孤立的社区与更广泛的社会以及国家与国家进行高效连接。本研究以清溪峡古道上的重镇甘洛县海棠镇为主要研究对象,通过田野调查和文献整理相结合的方法,充分挖掘海棠镇汉族、彝族、藏族等民族自古以来交往交流交融的文化遗存和历史见证物,呈现各民族和谐共生的文化景观。明清以来,汉族、彝族和藏族等民族沿着清溪古道不断迁入海棠,通过长期的交往互动,在生产生活、语言、风俗习惯、服饰文化、族际通婚以及民俗传统等方面进行了深度互动交流,并逐渐在此地形成交互共生的分布格局,进而在经济、政治和社会文化等方面形成一个“共同体”。海棠镇汉族、彝族和藏族“共同体”的形成和发展是中华民族多元一体格局形成的一个微观缩影。本文从微观视角呈现了各民族交往交流交融的真实图景,旨在为新时代铸牢中华民族共同体意识等相关研究提供一些启示。

中国外销瓷美术在“海上丝绸之路”传播中的三副审美面孔

中国外销瓷作为“海上丝绸之路”艺术传播的一个重要代表,在釉色、纹饰、造型方面拥有极为丰富的美术元素,在审美风格上呈现为大致前后相继的三副审美面孔,即“中式面孔”“中洋杂糅面孔”“洋面孔”。这些面孔的形成经历了从向域外输出到被域外追捧及模仿,再到中外陶瓷美术交流融合的过程,承载着中国人及“瓷路”沿岸各民族多元的审美文化诉求。其中,“中式面孔”在世界范围内千余年来的风行尤其从侧面显示,以“陶瓷美术”为代表的中国传统文化与艺术,曾早于近代的“西学东渐”,以“中学外渐”及“中外互鉴”等形式对众多民族产生过强大且持久的艺术与审美文化影响。

丝绸之路节点城镇社会整合的饮食进路——基于吴忠早茶的田野调查

饮食文化是人类社会中十分重要的现象。饮食除了满足人类身体的基本需求外,还具有推动不同人群互动的重要作用。吴忠早茶经过改良和调适,形成了具有社交性、互惠性等特质的地方饮食文化。在城镇化进程中,吴忠早茶夯实了各民族互嵌共居的社会结构,加深了各民族的饮食文化认同,成为地域社会整合的重要媒介,为民族地区城镇铸牢中华民族共同体意识提供了新进路。

The Integration of Farmers and Nomads: Archaeological Evidence for the Human Subsistence Strategy in Northwestern China during the Han Dynasty

The integration of farmers and nomads in northwestern China during the Han Dynasty(206 BCE ~ 220 CE) provides a crucial opportunity to reconstruct the material exchanges, formation and development of the Silk Road in antiquity. The subsistence strategy is arguably an effective proxy for the integration of various groups of people(e.g. farmers and nomads). In this paper, we have reported new stable isotope data from the Huangwan tombs dated to the Han dynasty in middle Gansu, which was the key juncture between the Han and Xiongnu empire, in order to fill the gap and further understand the substance strategies employed by the local people. According to the results of plant remains and stable isotopic data, millet farming, the typical agricultural activities for the Han Chinese in the Central Plains, was also the primary lifestyle for the Huangwan people in the mid Gansu. More importantly, this shows fundamentally remarkable difference from the agricultural practices in the Bronze Age Gansu Corridor, which were based on a variety of crops, including wheat, barley and millet. This major shift in the subsistence production at Huangwan can be correlated to a wider historical background in which the Han empire showed increasing political and military presence in the Gansu Corridor, indicating that local indigenous nomads followed the lifestyle of Han Chinese(e.g., millet farming), and/or the Han immigrates maintained millet farming.