2016 Chinese expert consensus and guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma

The incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)has exponentially increased in recent years.Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma(PTMC)accounts for the majority of the reported cases of PTC.The debates and crucial issues in PTMC management have received researchers'attention.To further improve the clinical management of PTMC in China,

Chinese Expert Consensus for the Diagnosis and Treatmentof Cholestatic Liver Disease

Cholestatic liver disease (CLD) is a common problem in clinical practice with the main manifestation being cholestasis.Recently,there has been a steady increase in knowledge associated with the diagnosis and treatment of CLD.Therefore,the experts in China were organized by the editorial board of Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases (Electronic Edition),Chinese Journal of Liver Diseases (Electronic Edition) and Infection International (Electronic Edition) to collect and analyze relevant research,ultimately resulting in the development of this work (Chinese Expert consensus for the diagnosis and treatment of CLDs,also abbreviated as consensus).

Knowledge Graph Enhanced Transformers for Diagnosis Generation of Chinese Medicine

Chinese medicine(CM)diagnosis intellectualization is one of the hotspots in the research of CM modernization.The traditional CM intelligent diagnosis models transform the CM diagnosis issues into classification issues,however,it is difficult to solve the problems such as excessive or similar categories.With the development of natural language processing techniques,text generation technique has become increasingly mature.In this study,we aimed to establish the CM diagnosis generation model by transforming the CM diagnosis issues into text generation issues.The semantic context characteristic learning capacity was enhanced referring to Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(BILSTM)with Transformer as the backbone network.Meanwhile,the CM diagnosis generation model Knowledge Graph Enhanced Transformer(KGET)was established by introducing the knowledge in medical field to enhance the inferential capability.The KGET model was established based on 566 CM case texts,and was compared with the classic text generation models including Long Short-Term Memory sequence-to-sequence(LSTM-seq2seq),Bidirectional and Auto-Regression Transformer(BART),and Chinese Pre-trained Unbalanced Transformer(CPT),so as to analyze the model manifestations.Finally,the ablation experiments were performed to explore the influence of the optimized part on the KGET model.The results of Bilingual Evaluation Understudy(BLEU),Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation 1(ROUGE1),ROUGE2 and Edit distance of KGET model were 45.85,73.93,54.59 and 7.12,respectively in this study.Compared with LSTM-seq2seq,BART and CPT models,the KGET model was higher in BLEU,ROUGE1 and ROUGE2 by 6.00–17.09,1.65–9.39 and 0.51–17.62,respectively,and lower in Edit distance by 0.47–3.21.The ablation experiment results revealed that introduction of BILSTM model and prior knowledge could significantly increase the model performance.Additionally,the manual assessment indicated that the CM diagnosis results of the KGET model used in this study were highly consistent with the practical diagnosis results.In conclusion,text generation technology can be effectively applied to CM diagnostic modeling.It can effectively avoid the problem of poor diagnostic performance caused by excessive and similar categories in traditional CM diagnostic classification models.CM diagnostic text generation technology has broad application prospects in the future.

Can New Diagnostic Criteria of Rheumatoid Arthritis Really Make An Early Diagnosis？ --A Case Report of Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Early Rheumatoid Arthritis with Chinese Medicine

Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis （RA） is a chronic systemic disease in which immunologically mediated inflammation of synovia-lined joints can result in marked disruption of joint structure and function. With advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of RA over the past two decades,

Systems biology of resilience and optimal health:integrating Chinese and Western medicine perspectives

Western science has been strong in measuring details of biological systems such as gene expression levels and metabolite concentrations, and has generally followed a bottom up approach with regard to explaining biological phenomena. Chinese medicine in contrast has evolved as a top down approach in which body and mind is seen as a whole, a phenomenological approach based on the organization and dynamics of symptom patterns. Western and Chinese perspectives are developing towards a ‘middle out' approach. Chinese medicine diagnosis, we will argue, allows bridging the gap between biologists and psychologists and offers new opportunities for the development of health monitoring tools and health promotion strategies.In this paper, health, resilience and stress concepts are explored from an integrated systems biology perspective. This is followed by a discussion about measuring aspects of health and resilience. Then the issue of how to integrate different types of data is discussed. Semi-quantitative modeling appears to be very suitable and looks promising for building integrated health models. The challenge for the future lies in applying those models in developing personalized health monitoring and advice systems that will tempt people to lead more healthy lives.

Systems response profiles to two Rehmanniae Radix formulae in metabolic syndrome patients

Objective: To explore the effects of two Rehmanniae Radix formulae in patients with metabolic syndrome(Met S), a randomized controlled study was conducted.Methods: Met S patients were randomly assigned to receive either a classic Rehmanniae Six Formula(R6, or ‘Liu Wei Di Huang Wan') or a novel multi-herbal Rehmanniae Radix containing formula SUB889 for 8 weeks. Western medicine related clinical parameters, Chinese medicine defined symptoms and syndromes as well as metabolomic profiles were evaluated at different time points.Results: R6(n = 20) and SUB889(n = 20) showed similar effects on Met S regarding the improvement of clinical parameters(waist circumference, body mass index, LDL-cholesterol, systolic blood pressure) and Qi/Yin deficiency(p < 0.05). Decreased levels of cholesteryl esters, phosphatidylcholines, triglycerides and sphingomyelins were found in the R6 group, while SUB889 formula resulted in increased levels of tricarboxylic acid cycle and glucose metabolism intermediates(malate, fumarate and pyruvate).Conclusions: R6 and SUB889 have similar effects on the treatment of Met S by improving Chinese medicine and Western medicine defined clinical outcomes. R6 is more effective in improving lipid profiles compared to SUB889. The exact mechanisms of the two formulae on Met S remain to be elucidated.