A Novel Sample Introduction Technique for the Simultaneous Determination of As,Se,Ge and Hg in Chinese Medicinal Material

A novel technique of Moveable Reduction Bed Hydride Generator（MRBHG）was applied tohe hydride generation or cold vapor generation of As，Se，Ge，and Hg existing In TraditionalChinese Medicinal Material（TCM）．The simultaneous determination of the multi－elements wasperformed with ICP－MS．A solid reduction system involving the use of potassiumtetraborohydride and tartaric acid was applied to generating metal hydride or cold vaporefficiently．The factors affecting the metal cold vapor generation were studied．The mainadvantage of the technique is that only a 4μL volume of sample was required for the cold vapor

Antioxidant Activity of 50 Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials Varies with Total Phenolics

This study was designed to determine the total phenolic content of 50 herbs and to examine their antioxidant potential. In the sample preparation, 60% ethanol was chosen as the extraction solvent for the subsequent experiments. Folin-Cicolteau phenol reagent and a colorimetric method were used to determine the total phenolic content of the selected herbs. The result showed that total phenolic content of those herbs ranged from 2 to 185 mg/g. In antioxidant assay, the ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) values ranged from 2 to 134 mg GAE/g;the IC50 values of DPPH?·, ·OH and ?scavenging were in the range of 0.06 - 5.50 mg/mL, 0.017 - 0.636 mg/mL and 0.050 - 0.681 mg/mL respectively. Flos caryophylli was the exceptant in the ?scavenging assay because there was no linear relation between the concentration and the scavenging percentage. Compared to gallic acid, ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) in antioxidant assay as positive control, the most potential antioxidant herbs were Cacumen platycladi, Radix et Rhizoma rhei, Rhizoma rhodiolae crenulatae, and Rhizoma sanguisorbae with considerable content of phenolics. Especially, a positive and significant correlation was found between the total phenolic content and FRAP value or DPPH· scavenging percentage.

Reason Analysis and Risk Prevention of Soaring Price of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials

In recent years,the price of traditional Chinese medicinal materials soars continuously,and the resulting price risk increasingly looms large,which has critically affected midstream and downstream industries and peoples' demand for drug,and imperiled healthy and orderly development of traditional Chinese medicinal industries.Based on the status quo of continuous skyrocketing price of traditional Chinese medicinal materials at present,we winkle out the root cause of soaring price as follows:the supply and demand lose balance;the production costs hike up;there are other factors responsible for soaring price.This paper further analyses the impact of sharp increase in price of traditional Chinese medicinal materials on all links of industry chain as follows:the medicinal herb growers never benefit from soaring price;the counterfeiters and forgers in midstream industry increase;the gross profit rate of Chinese medicine enterprises declines.In accordance with the risk arising from abnormal fluctuation in price of traditional Chinese medicinal materials,corresponding precautionary measures are put forward as follows:promote the quality of traditional Chinese medicinal materials through management of value chain;curtail the production and management cost of traditional Chinese medicinal materials through management of organization chain;stabilize price of traditional Chinese medicinal materials through management of information chain;reduce transaction cost of traditional Chinese medicinal materials through management of logistics chain.

Published papers about Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge as a Chinese medicinal material

Xu Cuihong, Shu Zhiming, Wang Yan, Miao Fang, Zhou ke. The accumulation rule of the main medicinal components in different organs of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. f. alba. Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research, 2010, 21（09）： 2129-2132. Email： miaofangmf@ 163,com

Problems in the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials Planting Industry in Shiyan City and Countermeasures

Through the analysis on the cultivation advantages and development problems of traditional Chinese medicinal planting industry in Shiyan City, Hubei Province, some measures were proposed to enlarge and enhance the traditional Chinese medicinal planting industry, namely, large-scale, standardized, market-oriented and regionalized planting, thereby making it the pillar industry for farmers to increase income.

Research Progress of Soil Factors Affecting the Quality of Chinese Medicinal Materials

The paper summarized the effects of soil on the quality of Chinese medicinal materials from the aspects of physical,chemical and biological properties of soil,in order to provide a reference for further research on the internal relationship between soil factors and the quality of Chinese medicinal materials,and to provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation and quality improvement of Chinese medicinal materials.

Development of Specialized Courses and Establishment of Teaching Materials in Nursing of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine

Since the Third Plenary Session of the 11 thCentral Committee of the Communist Party of China( CPC),with the promotion and development of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the pace of TCM nursing work has been accelerated in nationwide,and a group of integrated Chinese and western medicine nurses have been cultivated preliminarily. However,professional nurses of integrated Chinese and western medicine are still deficient extremely. The target of talent cultivation,based on the theory of "focusing on humanism,expanding diathesis,and enhancing practice to highlight the accommodation and integration of nurses of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine",is to cultivate competent,practical and interdisciplinary senior nursing talents with strong professional basis,skilled operations,rich humanistic literacy,and sharp innovative spirit who not only master modern nursing knowledge and skills,but also can perform comprehensive nursing under the guidance of TCM theory of holistic concept and syndrome differentiation and nursing. This study,through investigating and analyzing the settings of3-year nursing professional courses in about 20 senior medical colleges,including senior nursing education of TCM,reformed the development of professional nursing courses of integrated Chinese and western medicine and the establishment of educational materials according to the course settings and educational work modes,so as to analyze the current status of nursing education of integrated Chinese and western medicine,determine course targets,and establish course system and educational work modes.

Comparison of Sulfur Dioxide Residue in Chinese Me-dicinal Materials by Titration-fluorescence Spectrome-try and Pharmacopoeia Method

With sulphur-fumigated Chinese medicinal materials （Fritillaria thunbergii , Isatis #utigotica , Asparagus cochinchinensis and Poria cocos ） as the test materials, sulfur dioxide or sulfite residue was determined by the method in Chinese Pharmacopoeia （2015 edition） and titration-fluorescence spectrometry, respec- tively. The results showed that there were significant differences in measured value between titration-fluorescence spectrometry and phmmacopoeia method. The t result of titration-fluorescence spectrometry was much closer to the actual content of sulfur dioxide in Chinese medicinal materials. Thus, titration-fluo- rescence spectrometry had higher application value

Intellectual Property Rights and Authentic Protection of Chinese Wolfberry in Xinjiang

This paper introduced the biological characteristics and medicinal value of medlar(Lycium chinense Miller).It studied Chinese wolfberry industry and its agricultural intellectual property resources in Xinjiang.In addition,it analyzed main problems such as the lag in the construction of authentic medicinal materials bases and insufficient deep processing of related products.Finally,it proposed eight recommendations including cultivating biological species with more medicinal value and creating an advantageous area of characteristic authentic medicinal materials.

基于中药监管科学创新技术体系破解国家中药类产品集中带量采购难点

在国家推动药品集中带量采购(以下简称集采)工作常态化背景下,中成药大品种在全国范围内的集采已经落地开展,中药饮片的省际联合采购也正在进行,而未来中药配方颗粒纳入集采也是大势所趋。然而,中药不同于化学药品,其原料来源于天然资源,组成成分复杂、功效主治多样,是一个多功效、多组分的复杂体系,加之中药类产品生产过程复杂,产品质量良莠不齐,生产成本相差悬殊,如何在中药类产品集采中科学评价产品质量,体现优质优价,以及如何科学评估中药类产品的生产成本,制定合理的最高限价,都是中药集采工作执行中亟待解决的难点问题。针对上述难点,笔者提出基于中药监管科学体系,创新制定中药类产品质量等级标准以及构建全产业链溯源与供应保障平台,从而确保中药类产品集采保质、提级、稳供、高质量发展的新思路。

民国时期东北第一大药材集散地营口调查研究

全面收集清末、民国时期史志文献,民国出版图书、期刊、日报及日伪编纂汇编类文献,参考建国后出版文史资料中的口述文献,去伪存真,去粗取精,对民国时期东北地区起源最早、规模最大的中药材集散地营口发源、兴盛、凋敝、衰落之全过程加以调查研究;探究其成为东北第一大药材集散地的历史地理、交通、药材资源优势,重点讨论当地药材集散的种类、规模、变化规律和经营模式,了解其在民国独特社会进程和近代中医药学科发展影响下的时代特色,为尽可能全面客观认识民国中药产业史及民国药业探源溯流提供重要依据。

高效液相色谱法测定川贝母和川贝粉中三嗪代谢物残留

目的建立了一种快速固相萃取联合高效液相色谱法同时测定川贝母和川贝粉中3种三嗪代谢物残留量的分析方法。方法采用分散固相萃取前处理方法,样品经乙腈-水提取,无水硫酸镁和醋酸钠等无机盐盐析分离,十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶C18净化处理,以Athena C18柱为色谱柱,以水和乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,外标法定量。结果通过合理选择色谱柱、流动相和净化剂,在最佳色谱条件下,脱异丙基莠去津、脱乙基莠去津和脱乙基特丁津等3种三嗪代谢物的检出限为0.20μg/kg,定量限为0.67μg/kg,3种目标组分在0.01~20.00μg/mL的线性范围内线性关系良好(r≥0.999),在5、25和50μg/kg 3个添加水平内,平均加标回收率为95.3%~105.7%,相对标准偏差为1.0%~2.4%。结论该方法简单、快速、灵敏,适用于川贝类中药材中三嗪类农药代谢物残留量的快速检测分析。

道地中药材金果榄种子育苗技术

以金果榄(Tinosporae Radix)基原植物青牛胆[Tinospora sagittata(Oliv.)Gagnep.]实生种子进行大棚育苗,并检测一、二年生金果榄种苗的农艺性状及二年生金果榄种苗干燥块根的古伦宾含量。对一年生金果榄种苗喷施MS营养液,检测其农艺性状并分析各性状之间的相关性。结果表明,金果榄种苗株高、主根长、块根随种植时间呈增长趋势,二年生苗叶片数在6—7月无明显增加;种苗叶形指数、块根形指数分别在5月龄、17月龄后无明显变化;二年生金果榄种苗干燥块根EP理论塔板数均>5 000、古伦宾含量均>2%,水分含量均<13.0%,符合药典规定。MS营养液处理促进了一年生金果榄种苗株高增长、叶片数增加和块根的形成,种苗株高、叶宽、茎粗与地下块根鲜重呈显著正相关,块根鲜重与块根纵径、块根横径、块根形指数呈显著正相关,块根横径、块根纵径、块根形指数之间均呈极显著正相关。叶形指数与叶长、叶宽之间无相关关系,而块根形指数与块根纵、横径之间呈正相关。

基于知识图谱的中药材新闻推荐方法研究

中药材新闻推荐是典型的垂直领域新闻推荐问题。为了有效运用领域知识,本文提出一种基于知识图谱的中药材新闻推荐方法。首先,从中药典籍中抽取实体和关系,构建中药材知识图谱;其次,从新闻标题中匹配实体,结合词嵌入和实体嵌入,通过基于注意力机制的知识感知卷积神经网络得到新闻嵌入表示;再次,基于用户历史点击新闻及侧面信息,运用基于知识图谱和注意力网络的中药材新闻推荐模型,生成Top-K推荐列表。在2个真实数据集上的实验表明,本文方法的HR@10指标(0.750、0.788)和MAP@10指标(0.468、0.471)均优于基线方法。本文将知识图谱引入中药材新闻推荐,提升了推荐质量,且具有一定的可解释性。

中国与共建“一带一路”国家中药材贸易网络关系动态演进及影响因素分析

中药材凝聚了中国传统医学的智慧,依托“一带一路”倡议积极拓展中药材进出口贸易对弘扬中华文化、构建人类卫生健康共同体具有重要意义。文章选取2011—2020年中国与共建“一带一路”国家的中药材贸易数据,分析中国与共建“一带一路”国家中药材贸易网络关系的演化,以及中国在网络中的地位与作用。研究发现:中国在“一带一路”中药材贸易网络中处于中心地位,中药材进出口贸易总额呈波动上升态势;共建“一带一路”国家间中药材贸易联系逐步密切;GDP规模、边境距离、语言等会对两国贸易关系产生影响。今后应继续拓展中国与共建“一带一路”国家的中药材进出口贸易,建设中药材专属国际物流通道和中药材人才培养体系,弘扬中医文化,不断加强中国与共建“一带一路”国家的交流与合作。

基于中红外光谱数据的中药材种类鉴别研究

不同种类的中药材在中红外光的照射下呈现出不同的光谱特性,因此可以基于光谱数据鉴别中药材种类。首先对数据进行平滑和去噪等预处理,其次借助主成分分析法对高维小样本数据进行降维处理并提取光谱的主要特征,之后利用K-means聚类算法对数据进行分类,最终将425个中药材样本分为5个大类。该方法分析成本低,可推广性强,是一种快速高效鉴别中药材种类的方法。

关于腹泻型肠易激综合征中药配伍规律研究

目的:探讨现代医家治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征的用药特色。方法:从中国医院知识总库、万方、维普等数据库提取已发表的关于现代医家治疗腹泻型肠易激合征的典型病案,提取方药信息,建立Excel数据库,进行频数、性味、归经的归纳整理,应用IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0进行药物组合以及药物性味关联规则分析,应用SPSS Statistics软件对数据进行聚类分析,进行数据挖掘。结果:71例病案中,共使用中药127味,中药总频数为908,频数≥10的中药有25味,总频数为614;药味方面以甘、辛、苦味药物为主,药性方面以温、平性药物为主,药物归经方面以归脾(胃)经、肺(大肠)经、肝(胆)经的药物为主;药物中性味关系最密切的组合是辛-温,四君子汤与痛泻要方药物为最常选用的方药组合。结论:医家病案多是从脾虚、肝郁两方面入手的,在治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征时多以四君子汤或痛泻要方为基础方剂,组方药物多选择辛温之品,佐以甘苦之类、寒温之性,寒温平调;药物归经方面应从归脾胃经药物入手,兼顾归肝胆经、肺和大肠经药物。

葫芦岛地区中药材产业发展及装备需求分析

我国中药材种植业从播种到采收仍以传统的人工作业方式为主,劳动效率低下,会影响中药产业的长期健康稳定发展。阐述我国中药材产业发展及机械化配套现状,分析中药材机械化发展中存在的问题及其生产所需的配套装备,探讨中药材机械化的综合效益。

中药材干燥技术与装备研究现状

中药材在采收后需经过产地初加工处理,其中干燥是产地初加工的必要环节,并直接影响到中药材的品质。传统的自然干燥方式效率低,且药材干燥品质良莠不齐,严重制约中药产业的发展。因此,加强对中药材干燥技术与装备的研究尤为迫切。基于此,该研究综述了中药材干燥技术与装备的研究现状。首先,总结中药材的干燥脱水过程与理化性质变化规律,分析了药材自身特性与干燥条件对水分脱除速率与干燥品质的影响机制。其次,针对热风、热泵、红外、微波、真空与高压电场干燥技术,以干燥机理为基础,总结各类干燥技术的装备结构与工作原理,分析了干燥装备存在的干燥不均匀、能耗大、效率低等问题并探讨了相应改善方法。同时,研究了各类干燥技术在不同工艺条件下的干燥效果,分析了干燥温度、切片厚度、真空度等工艺参数对干燥效果的影响规律,探讨了预处理、阶段式变温变湿、间歇式干燥等赋能干燥效果的工艺手段,并综合干燥品质、干燥效率与干燥成本,得到了各类干燥技术的优缺点与适用范围。进一步地,分析了微波-真空、微波-热风与远红外-热泵三类联合干燥技术不同组合方式下的干燥机理,阐述了各类联合干燥装备的研发进展,探讨了联合干燥技术相较于单一干燥技术的优势以及装备和工艺存在的不足。最后,从提高中药材品质评价标准、完善干燥相关模型、加强干燥装备研发三方面对研究方向进行了展望,以期为中药材干燥技术研究与装备创新研发提供理论依据与技术支持。

基于RFID的中药材物流仓储智能化管理系统设计与应用

目的针对中药材物流仓储中的自动化程度低、效率低和数据不准确等问题,对其进行数字化和智能化管理,以提高效率和数据准确性。方法结合中药材的流通环境,基于无线射频识别技术(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)、全球定位系统(Global Positioning System,GPS)、物联网技术和温湿度检测技术,设计并开发中药材物流仓储智能化管理系统,并提出一种改进基于碰撞位的汉明重数分组查询树算法(HCQT)。结果算法消除了空闲时隙,减少了碰撞时隙,使得中药材RFID系统信息采集传输更高效。实现了中药材在物流仓储各环节的管理功能,以及温湿度、物流仓储数据的实时智能更新,并应用于环境实时监测。结论系统实现了对中药材物流仓储的自动化管理,提高了工作效率,在大量智能包装的物流系统中具有良好的应用前景。