Effect of Carbon Dioxide (CO_2) Controlled Atmosphere on Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Activity of Three Storage Pests in Chinese Medicinal Materials

[ Objective ] The paper was to study the effect of controlled atmosphere stress of carbon dioxide （ CO2 ） on Superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity of in- sect, so as to analyze the biological mechanism of the action of controlled atmosphere stress on insect. [ Method] Using nitrotetrazolium blue chloride （NBT） light reduction method, SOD activity of drugstore beetle （ Stegobium panlceum ）, cigarette beetle （ Lasioderma serricorne） and coffee bean beetle （Araecerus fasciculatus） was studied, and the stress response of the enzyme under controlled atmosphere stress of CO2 was analyzed. [ Result ] SOD activity of drugstore beetle, cigarette beetle and coffee bean beetle exposed to controlled atmosphere stress of high concentrations of CO2 for 3 and 6 h had certain degree of increase, and the activity sig- nificantly increased from 2.011±0.954,2.664±0.218 and 1.458±0.718 to 3. 135±0. 105,3.050±0.673 and 2.975±0.229 U/（per pest · 30 min） after treat- ment for 6 h. [ Conclusion] Controlled atmosphere stress of high concentrations of CO2 had certain activation effect on SOD activity of storage pest in Chinese me- dicinal material within the context of sub-lethal events. The results could enrich the insecticidal mechanism of controlled atmosphere and theoretical system of analy- sis on insect resistance to controlled atmosphere.

Antioxidant Activity of 50 Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials Varies with Total Phenolics

This study was designed to determine the total phenolic content of 50 herbs and to examine their antioxidant potential. In the sample preparation, 60% ethanol was chosen as the extraction solvent for the subsequent experiments. Folin-Cicolteau phenol reagent and a colorimetric method were used to determine the total phenolic content of the selected herbs. The result showed that total phenolic content of those herbs ranged from 2 to 185 mg/g. In antioxidant assay, the ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) values ranged from 2 to 134 mg GAE/g;the IC50 values of DPPH?·, ·OH and ?scavenging were in the range of 0.06 - 5.50 mg/mL, 0.017 - 0.636 mg/mL and 0.050 - 0.681 mg/mL respectively. Flos caryophylli was the exceptant in the ?scavenging assay because there was no linear relation between the concentration and the scavenging percentage. Compared to gallic acid, ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) in antioxidant assay as positive control, the most potential antioxidant herbs were Cacumen platycladi, Radix et Rhizoma rhei, Rhizoma rhodiolae crenulatae, and Rhizoma sanguisorbae with considerable content of phenolics. Especially, a positive and significant correlation was found between the total phenolic content and FRAP value or DPPH· scavenging percentage.

Systems Theory-Driven Framework for AI Integration into the Holistic Material Basis Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine

This paper introduces a systems theory-driven framework to integration artificial intelligence(AI)into traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)research,enhancing the understanding of TCM’s holistic material basis while adhering to evidence-based principles.Utilizing the System Function Decoding Model(SFDM),the research progresses through define,quantify,infer,and validate phases to systematically explore TCM’s material basis.It employs a dual analytical approach that combines top-down,systems theory-guided perspectives with bottom-up,elements-structure-function methodologies,provides comprehensive insights into TCM’s holistic material basis.Moreover,the research examines AI’s role in quantitative assessment and predictive analysis of TCM’s material components,proposing two specific AIdriven technical applications.This interdisciplinary effort underscores AI’s potential to enhance our understanding of TCM’s holistic material basis and establishes a foundation for future research at the intersection of traditional wisdom and modern technology.

Reason Analysis and Risk Prevention of Soaring Price of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials

In recent years,the price of traditional Chinese medicinal materials soars continuously,and the resulting price risk increasingly looms large,which has critically affected midstream and downstream industries and peoples' demand for drug,and imperiled healthy and orderly development of traditional Chinese medicinal industries.Based on the status quo of continuous skyrocketing price of traditional Chinese medicinal materials at present,we winkle out the root cause of soaring price as follows:the supply and demand lose balance;the production costs hike up;there are other factors responsible for soaring price.This paper further analyses the impact of sharp increase in price of traditional Chinese medicinal materials on all links of industry chain as follows:the medicinal herb growers never benefit from soaring price;the counterfeiters and forgers in midstream industry increase;the gross profit rate of Chinese medicine enterprises declines.In accordance with the risk arising from abnormal fluctuation in price of traditional Chinese medicinal materials,corresponding precautionary measures are put forward as follows:promote the quality of traditional Chinese medicinal materials through management of value chain;curtail the production and management cost of traditional Chinese medicinal materials through management of organization chain;stabilize price of traditional Chinese medicinal materials through management of information chain;reduce transaction cost of traditional Chinese medicinal materials through management of logistics chain.

Problems in the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials Planting Industry in Shiyan City and Countermeasures

Through the analysis on the cultivation advantages and development problems of traditional Chinese medicinal planting industry in Shiyan City, Hubei Province, some measures were proposed to enlarge and enhance the traditional Chinese medicinal planting industry, namely, large-scale, standardized, market-oriented and regionalized planting, thereby making it the pillar industry for farmers to increase income.

Research Progress of Soil Factors Affecting the Quality of Chinese Medicinal Materials

The paper summarized the effects of soil on the quality of Chinese medicinal materials from the aspects of physical,chemical and biological properties of soil,in order to provide a reference for further research on the internal relationship between soil factors and the quality of Chinese medicinal materials,and to provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation and quality improvement of Chinese medicinal materials.

Development of Specialized Courses and Establishment of Teaching Materials in Nursing of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine

Since the Third Plenary Session of the 11 thCentral Committee of the Communist Party of China( CPC),with the promotion and development of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the pace of TCM nursing work has been accelerated in nationwide,and a group of integrated Chinese and western medicine nurses have been cultivated preliminarily. However,professional nurses of integrated Chinese and western medicine are still deficient extremely. The target of talent cultivation,based on the theory of "focusing on humanism,expanding diathesis,and enhancing practice to highlight the accommodation and integration of nurses of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine",is to cultivate competent,practical and interdisciplinary senior nursing talents with strong professional basis,skilled operations,rich humanistic literacy,and sharp innovative spirit who not only master modern nursing knowledge and skills,but also can perform comprehensive nursing under the guidance of TCM theory of holistic concept and syndrome differentiation and nursing. This study,through investigating and analyzing the settings of3-year nursing professional courses in about 20 senior medical colleges,including senior nursing education of TCM,reformed the development of professional nursing courses of integrated Chinese and western medicine and the establishment of educational materials according to the course settings and educational work modes,so as to analyze the current status of nursing education of integrated Chinese and western medicine,determine course targets,and establish course system and educational work modes.

A Novel Sample Introduction Technique for the Simultaneous Determination of As,Se,Ge and Hg in Chinese Medicinal Material

A novel technique of Moveable Reduction Bed Hydride Generator（MRBHG）was applied tohe hydride generation or cold vapor generation of As，Se，Ge，and Hg existing In TraditionalChinese Medicinal Material（TCM）．The simultaneous determination of the multi－elements wasperformed with ICP－MS．A solid reduction system involving the use of potassiumtetraborohydride and tartaric acid was applied to generating metal hydride or cold vaporefficiently．The factors affecting the metal cold vapor generation were studied．The mainadvantage of the technique is that only a 4μL volume of sample was required for the cold vapor

Comparison of Sulfur Dioxide Residue in Chinese Me-dicinal Materials by Titration-fluorescence Spectrome-try and Pharmacopoeia Method

With sulphur-fumigated Chinese medicinal materials （Fritillaria thunbergii , Isatis #utigotica , Asparagus cochinchinensis and Poria cocos ） as the test materials, sulfur dioxide or sulfite residue was determined by the method in Chinese Pharmacopoeia （2015 edition） and titration-fluorescence spectrometry, respec- tively. The results showed that there were significant differences in measured value between titration-fluorescence spectrometry and phmmacopoeia method. The t result of titration-fluorescence spectrometry was much closer to the actual content of sulfur dioxide in Chinese medicinal materials. Thus, titration-fluo- rescence spectrometry had higher application value

Published papers about Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge as a Chinese medicinal material

Xu Cuihong, Shu Zhiming, Wang Yan, Miao Fang, Zhou ke. The accumulation rule of the main medicinal components in different organs of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. f. alba. Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research, 2010, 21（09）： 2129-2132. Email： miaofangmf@ 163,com

Intellectual Property Rights and Authentic Protection of Chinese Wolfberry in Xinjiang

This paper introduced the biological characteristics and medicinal value of medlar(Lycium chinense Miller).It studied Chinese wolfberry industry and its agricultural intellectual property resources in Xinjiang.In addition,it analyzed main problems such as the lag in the construction of authentic medicinal materials bases and insufficient deep processing of related products.Finally,it proposed eight recommendations including cultivating biological species with more medicinal value and creating an advantageous area of characteristic authentic medicinal materials.

中药资源化学学科引领中药资源全产业链循环利用与绿色发展的创新与实践

中药资源化学学科的概念、内涵与外延、目标与任务等的提出及建设发展已20年。回顾20年的建设发展历程,围绕中药资源的科学生产与有效利用不断探索与创新实践,理论内涵进一步丰富,研究模式进一步完善,技术体系进一步拓展,形成了系列研究成果并得到推广应用,服务于中药资源产业的高质量发展,为中药资源全产业链提质增效与绿色发展做出了应有的贡献。然而,随着我国中医药产业的快速增长和产业链的不断拓展延伸,中药农业与中药工业生产过程产生的废弃物及副产物与日俱增,造成的资源浪费和环境污染已成为行业发展面临的新的重大问题。以中药资源全产业链循环利用与低碳绿色发展的模式建立与实例分析,以及中药资源循环利用生态产业示范园区创建为主线,展示近些年来取得的阶段性成效,以期为中药资源产业由线性经济模式向循环经济模式的低碳绿色转型提供示范和参考,为中药资源利用效率提升和新质生产力创造提供借鉴,为推动中药资源产业领域经济社会发展的低碳绿色提供助力。

基于中药监管科学创新技术体系破解国家中药类产品集中带量采购难点

在国家推动药品集中带量采购(以下简称集采)工作常态化背景下,中成药大品种在全国范围内的集采已经落地开展,中药饮片的省际联合采购也正在进行,而未来中药配方颗粒纳入集采也是大势所趋。然而,中药不同于化学药品,其原料来源于天然资源,组成成分复杂、功效主治多样,是一个多功效、多组分的复杂体系,加之中药类产品生产过程复杂,产品质量良莠不齐,生产成本相差悬殊,如何在中药类产品集采中科学评价产品质量,体现优质优价,以及如何科学评估中药类产品的生产成本,制定合理的最高限价,都是中药集采工作执行中亟待解决的难点问题。针对上述难点,笔者提出基于中药监管科学体系,创新制定中药类产品质量等级标准以及构建全产业链溯源与供应保障平台,从而确保中药类产品集采保质、提级、稳供、高质量发展的新思路。

民国时期东北第一大药材集散地营口调查研究

全面收集清末、民国时期史志文献,民国出版图书、期刊、日报及日伪编纂汇编类文献,参考建国后出版文史资料中的口述文献,去伪存真,去粗取精,对民国时期东北地区起源最早、规模最大的中药材集散地营口发源、兴盛、凋敝、衰落之全过程加以调查研究;探究其成为东北第一大药材集散地的历史地理、交通、药材资源优势,重点讨论当地药材集散的种类、规模、变化规律和经营模式,了解其在民国独特社会进程和近代中医药学科发展影响下的时代特色,为尽可能全面客观认识民国中药产业史及民国药业探源溯流提供重要依据。

三种秦巴特色中药材的历史沿革与研究进展

秦巴地区特有的气候与水土环境使陕西成为中国生物多样性最丰富的省份之一。陕西自古就是重要的中药材适生区,有“天然药库”“秦地无闲草”等美誉,道地中药材有杜仲、秦艽、丹参和黄姜等。道地性的内核是自然环境与生态条件共同演化造就了中药材的性质与功效,为了从千年临床用药经验和研究中全面认识秦巴特色中药材,本研究通过古籍资料考证结合现代研究,选取不同种属3种秦巴特色中药材杜仲、秦艽和黄姜对采收加工、性味归经、炮制提取、化学成分、功效主治、新药研发进行了梳理归纳,探析道地性的物质基础,科学阐释其作用机制,为合理利用、科学开发秦巴特色中药材提供思路,为创新中国药的现代化研发提供源泉。

高效液相色谱法测定川贝母和川贝粉中三嗪代谢物残留

目的建立了一种快速固相萃取联合高效液相色谱法同时测定川贝母和川贝粉中3种三嗪代谢物残留量的分析方法。方法采用分散固相萃取前处理方法,样品经乙腈-水提取,无水硫酸镁和醋酸钠等无机盐盐析分离,十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶C18净化处理,以Athena C18柱为色谱柱,以水和乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,外标法定量。结果通过合理选择色谱柱、流动相和净化剂,在最佳色谱条件下,脱异丙基莠去津、脱乙基莠去津和脱乙基特丁津等3种三嗪代谢物的检出限为0.20μg/kg,定量限为0.67μg/kg,3种目标组分在0.01~20.00μg/mL的线性范围内线性关系良好(r≥0.999),在5、25和50μg/kg 3个添加水平内,平均加标回收率为95.3%~105.7%,相对标准偏差为1.0%~2.4%。结论该方法简单、快速、灵敏,适用于川贝类中药材中三嗪类农药代谢物残留量的快速检测分析。

黑龙江省中药材产业高质量发展的现实困境与实现路径

中药材产业的高质量发展是中医药传承创新发展的基础,且对优化农业生产结构、拓宽农民增收渠道、推动乡村产业振兴、促进中医药事业发展等都具有重要意义。针对黑龙江省中药材产业发展面临的问题,提出需从强化种质创新及良种繁育、实现种源良种化,打造规范化生态种植示范区、实现种植生态化,加强初深加工能力建设、实现运营产业化,深化寒地龙药品牌培育、实现产品品牌化,加快现代流通体系建设、推动产业数字化,创新药旅融合发展模式、实现三产融合化等方面加快推进中药材产业高质量发展。

道地中药材金果榄种子育苗技术

以金果榄(Tinosporae Radix)基原植物青牛胆[Tinospora sagittata(Oliv.)Gagnep.]实生种子进行大棚育苗,并检测一、二年生金果榄种苗的农艺性状及二年生金果榄种苗干燥块根的古伦宾含量。对一年生金果榄种苗喷施MS营养液,检测其农艺性状并分析各性状之间的相关性。结果表明,金果榄种苗株高、主根长、块根随种植时间呈增长趋势,二年生苗叶片数在6—7月无明显增加;种苗叶形指数、块根形指数分别在5月龄、17月龄后无明显变化;二年生金果榄种苗干燥块根EP理论塔板数均>5 000、古伦宾含量均>2%,水分含量均<13.0%,符合药典规定。MS营养液处理促进了一年生金果榄种苗株高增长、叶片数增加和块根的形成,种苗株高、叶宽、茎粗与地下块根鲜重呈显著正相关,块根鲜重与块根纵径、块根横径、块根形指数呈显著正相关,块根横径、块根纵径、块根形指数之间均呈极显著正相关。叶形指数与叶长、叶宽之间无相关关系,而块根形指数与块根纵、横径之间呈正相关。

基于知识图谱的中药材新闻推荐方法研究

中药材新闻推荐是典型的垂直领域新闻推荐问题。为了有效运用领域知识,本文提出一种基于知识图谱的中药材新闻推荐方法。首先,从中药典籍中抽取实体和关系,构建中药材知识图谱;其次,从新闻标题中匹配实体,结合词嵌入和实体嵌入,通过基于注意力机制的知识感知卷积神经网络得到新闻嵌入表示;再次,基于用户历史点击新闻及侧面信息,运用基于知识图谱和注意力网络的中药材新闻推荐模型,生成Top-K推荐列表。在2个真实数据集上的实验表明,本文方法的HR@10指标(0.750、0.788)和MAP@10指标(0.468、0.471)均优于基线方法。本文将知识图谱引入中药材新闻推荐,提升了推荐质量,且具有一定的可解释性。

陕西法定药用植物名称规范化建议

目的对陕西药材标准收载的部分法定药用植物中文名和学名提出订正意见。方法依据《中国植物志》《Flora of China》、iPlant植物智等权威数据库和最新分类学成果,厘清现行陕西药材标准中部分法定药用植物中文名和学名存在问题,并进行分析与归纳。结果陕西法定药用植物中文名和学名主要存在定名人不规范或不正确、使用异名、拼写错误和名称混用等问题,涉及药用植物共276种(下),药材229种。结论针对前述问题提出了规范中文名和学名的建议,提倡推行使用法定药用植物中文正名、第一中文别名、接受名和学名第一异名的概念,为陕西药材标准的修订提供参考,进一步促进相关学科领域的科学发展。