A Contrastive Study of Honorific and Depreciatory Address Forms in Chinese,English and Japanese

Honorific and depreciatory address forms, as an indispensable part of speech communication, occur in all languages. But due to the cultural diversity, different languages require different laws and regularities in the choice of them. This paper is firstly to make a contrastive analysis of honorific and depreciatory address forms in Chinese, English and Japanese, then explore the different basic values in Chinese, American and Japanese culture and discuss their influences on honorific and depreciatory address forms in the hope of a better understanding of their pragmatic and cultural differences and an avoidance of miscommunication in intercultural interactions.

On Translation of Chinese Addressing System

In contrast with English,Chinese addressing system is characterized by the great number coupled with cultural connotations,thus adding to the difficulty in Chinese-English translation.In this paper,the author endeavors to locate the source of differences between Chinese & English addressing terms and seek the cultural connotations and pragmatic equivalence of Chinese addressing terms in translation.

Conceptual Metaphors in Chinese Political Speeches——A Case Study of Xi Jinping's 2016 New Year Address

As a sort of cognitive means and thinking mode,conceptual metaphor is widely applied to political discourses.Statesmen often publicize their political thoughts by using conceptual metaphors in their political discourses so that the audience can understand their political ideas easily.Based on the Conceptual Metaphor Theory,this paper aims to analyze the conceptual metaphors in Xi Jinping's 2016 New Year address so as to summarize the types,functions and significance of conceptual metaphors in Chinese political discourses,in the hope of helping readers interpret political speeches better.

Addressing the public health concerns of physical inactivity, low levels of fitness, and unhealthy weight among Chinese school-aged children

In China, sports and physical activity （PA） have tradition- ally been an integral part of school curricula to promote fitness and enhance healthy growth among children and ado- lescents. Three decades of economic reforms, however, have brought major changes in social, economic.

The Comparison of Chinese and American Address Forms

This paper contributes to the debate about the Chinese and American address forms in order to help us to improve thecommunication between the two nations.It takes the comparison of the Characters of Chinese and American Address Forms as itsstarting point.It then analyzes the main factors(the influence from the culture's power orientation and the philosophical factor)which make the great differences between Chinese and American address forms.It applies the communicative function of Chineseand American address forms as well.

Studies of Cultural Differences between English and Chinese Address Terms

English and Chinese address terms have apparent differences,which are caused by their own different social and cultural backgrounds and reflect different cultural implications between the east and the west. To understand the eastern and western culture better,it's necessary to make a comparison between them.

Correctly Addressing Your Chinese Counterpart

People doing business in China should try to know how to address their Chinese counter-parts, especially in formal settings so as to better engage with them. Different cultures mean people are addressed differently.

Boost the Modernization of Human Rights Protection Systems and Endeavor to Fulfill the Chinese Dream——An Address at the Opening Ceremony of the 7th Beijing Forum on Human Rights, Sept. 17, 2014

This session of the Forum has the theme, “The Chinese Dream： New Progress in the Cause of Human Rights in China.” This theme concentrates on such important subtopics as “The Chinese Dream and Human Rights” ,

Chinese-Spanish Translation of International Conference Addresses from the Perspective of Skopos Theory

This paper chooses the Spanish translation of the address to the China-CELAC Forum opening ceremony as a research corpus and adopts Skopos theory and its three basic rules as a theoretical guide to discuss the principles of Spanish translation of the conference address,the features of translation of words and sentences with Chinese characteristics,and the applicability of three rules of Skopos theory to Chinese-Spanish translation of international conference addresses.In Chinese-Spanish translation,the translator should convey the meaning of the source text while meeting the desired needs of the target audience under the guidance of Skopos theory to avert conflict between output content and reader ideology and fulfill cross-cultural communication.

On the Pragmatic Thought of Gabelentz from the Address Words of Chinesische Grammatik

Chinesische Grammatik is a book about Chinese grammar compiled by Hans Georg von der Gabelentz,in the 19th century.It is also a textbook for teaching Chinese as a second language.Among them,“weft”is a comprehensive system,which contains his pragmatic thought beyond the times.The study of appellations not only shows Hans Georg von der Gabelentz’s pragmatic thought,but also reflects his idea that the cultivation of learners’language ability should be the overall goal in Chinese teaching and the role of culture in cross-cultural communication.And the advanced educational concept of learning to use.

以人口高质量发展积极应对人口老龄化:内在逻辑与治理进路

人口老龄化是人口高质量发展的重要背景,人口高质量发展则为积极应对人口老龄化提供人口要素的支撑。结合人口高质量发展与积极应对人口老龄化国家战略的行动目标,在厘清二者辩证关系的基础上,需从激活老年群体价值潜力,完善终身教育体系,统筹“一老一小”服务,面向老龄社会需求优化人力资源分布等方面着手,找准共同进路,把握机遇挑战,在中国式现代化进程中不断夯实高质量的人口要素基础,积极应对人口老龄化。

基于RoBERTa-BiLSTM-SelfAttention-CRF的中文地址解析方法

针对中文地址解析精准度不高、效率低以及忽略细粒度地址要素等问题,提出融合自注意力机制的RoBERTa-BiLSTM-SelfAttention-CRF的中文地址解析方法。首先,利用RoBERTa提取地址文本的深层语义特征和丰富的上下文信息;其次,通过BiLSTM网络建模地址文本的序列关系,捕捉地址要素之间的关系依赖;然后,在不同地址要素之间引入自注意力机制建立有效关联,优化模型在解析中文地址时的表现;最后,采用CRF标注地址序列,实现精确的地址解析。实验结果表明,自注意力机制的引入有助于提升中文地址解析效果,该方法在自建数据集上,准确率为0.9594,召回率为0.9697,F1值为0.9645。在CCKS2021公开数据集上,准确率为0.9080,召回率为0.9158,F1值为0.9119,较目前先进方法F1值提升0.0069,表现出良好的性能及泛化能力。

CFGT:一种基于词典的中文地址要素解析模型

地址要素解析作为地理编码过程中的关键环节,直接影响到地理编码的准确性。由于中文地址表达的多样性和复杂性,两段相似的地址文本在地理表示上却可能完全不同。传统的通过词典匹配进行地址要素解析的方法无法较好地应对歧义词,从而导致识别准确率欠佳。文中提出一种基于词典的中文地址要素解析模型(Collaborative Flat-Graph Transformer,CFGT),利用自匹配词、最近上下文等词汇信息增强地址文本字符序列表示,有效遏制了地址文本表达的歧义性。具体地,模型首先构建Flat-Lattice和Flat-Shift两种协作图,为地址字符捕获自匹配词和最近上下文词汇的知识,并设计融合层实现图之间的协作;其次,通过改进的相对位置编码,进一步强化词信息对地址文本字符序列的增强效果;最后,利用Transformer和条件随机场进行地址要素解析。在Weibo和Resume等多个公开数据集及Address私有数据集上开展的实验表明,CFGT模型的性能优于已有的中文地址要素解析模型和中文命名实体识别模型。

SPECIAL ISSUE： LANGUAGE STUDIES AND METHODS FROM THE CROSS-DISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVE Semantic Transfer of Chinese Kinship Terms to Occupational Address Forms since the Economic Reform

Semantic transfer of kinship terms in address forms to nonkin has always been an intriguing topic to researchers from different fields, anthropologists and sociolinguists alike, whose investigations involve data from various cultures. This study focuses on eight Chinese kinship terms used in twenty-one address forms for addressing nonkin in newly created occupations and practices during the recent economic reform in China, in an attempt to identify the driving force behind such transfer. By examining the use of these kinship terms in addressing nonkin in the economic reform, this study compares its findings to those from earlier studies and has found surprisingly that except gender, the other distinctive features, such as consanguinity, affinity, seniority, and generation, have all become neutralized in the semantic transfer, driven chiefly by the nonkin＇s occupational status. The results from this study demonstrate that the ＂categorical falsity＂ evidenced in the semantic transfer of kinship terms in address forms to nonkin is in essence a manifestation of performing an attitudinal ＂speech act＂ by the general public about how the nonkin＇s occupational status is evaluated in the economic reform.

China President XI Jin-ping Met with Dr.Margaret Chan,Director-General of the World Health Organization,and Addressed to Promote Integrative Medicine and Chinese Medicine to Develop in Oversea Countries

China President Xi Jin-ping met with Dr. Margaret Chan, Director-General of the World Health Organization （WHO）, at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, Aug. 20, 2013. XI Jin-ping said that China will continue to improve public health and enhance cooperation with the WHO. The Chinese government always prioritizes its people＇s health and will make unremitting efforts to further implement reform of its public health system, Xi said. He promised that the Chinese government would continue to effectively distribute public health and medical resources in order to achieve full coverage of basic health services to all Chinese people by 2020.

Competition or Cooperation: Chinese, German youth address environment, energy security

The German-Chinese Young Leader Conference co-hosted by the CPICA and Global Bridges was held in Dresden,Germany from June 2 to 7.As part of the Chinese delegation,I joined the working group on environmental protection and energy security.The German and Chinese delegates had a fruitful discussion.

基于规则的中文地址要素解析方法

在日常生产与生活中,地址是最常见的使用自然语言描述地理位置的参考系统之一。地址地理编码技术被认为是大量业务数据的G IS实现可视化定位和空间分析的桥梁,在房地产管理、土地管理、城市规划、公安、邮政、税收、电讯和公共卫生等领域中具有十分重要的应用前景。地址要素解析是中文地址编码的核心技术之一。它是将自然语言描述的地址拆分为在某一限定区域内,可以指定某一地理范围的地址要素的过程。实际上,这个过程可以被看作是一种特定的中文分词任务。由于语言和文化的原因,中文地址描述采用连续的字符串,而且普遍存在不规范现象。目前,采用的地址解析方法在较大程度上受限于词典的更新维护和规则的不完备问题。本文以大规模地名词典和地址数据库为数据源,通过系统分析地址要素的构词特征和句法模式,构建了各类地址要素的特征字库,提出了中文地址的数字表达方法,设计了RBAI中文地址要素解析算法,开发了相应的原型系统。实验结果准确率达到92%以上,处理效率达2800条/秒。这表明该方法符合大规模数据处理的应用需求,具有重要的推广应用价值。

地址树模型的中文地址提取方法

地址是一种对个体地域空间位置信息的编码方法。在我国,由于城市快速发展,地址规划相对落后,非标准地址大量存在。本文在分析标准地址模型空间约束关系类型的基础上,提出了一种基于地址树模型的中文地址提取方法。该模型以拓扑关系作为空间约束关系是否一致的判断标准,可以从非标准地址中提取标准地址,并剔除非标准和错误地址元素。试验证明,该方法有较高的地址匹配率。

一种基于有限状态机的中文地址标准化方法

由于中文的内涵多义性和形式多样性的特点,使中文地址长期以来存在着难以标准化的问题,对进一步开展地址定位、区域网格分析和社情、舆情定位等工作都造成了较大的障碍。针对这个问题提出了基于地址分级模型和有限状态机驱动的新方法,并通过软件开发对这种方法的地址识别率和匹配准确率进行了验证,实验结果显示该方法对中文地址能够达到96%左右的识别率,匹配准确率也达到了85%左右,并且还能实现标准地址库的自动化更新。因此,采取该方法能够有效地解决中文地址标准化困难的问题,具有显著的实用性和研究参考价值。

汉英社交称谓语对比分析

在以往社会语言学家们研究成果的基础上,对汉语和英语(主要是美国英语)中的社交称谓作了对比、分析,指出从Brown与Gilman所建立的"权势"(power)与"等同"(solidarity)语义对立模式看,美国英语称谓系统中的三种语义模式原理在汉语称谓系统中是适用的,甚至是相似的。但由于汉英两种语言文化背景差异较大,其具体社会称谓语也有较大的区别。