Research on the Reform of“Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing”Teaching Based on the Concept of Outcome-Based Education

Continuously evolving teaching concepts and the adoption of diverse teaching methods have led to outcome-oriented education becoming a fundamental focus of teaching reform in colleges and universities.In this article,the“Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing”course is used as an example to discuss the reform of education based on the concept of outcome-based education,with the purpose of improving students'learning outcomes and practical skills.

Chinese nursing students'culture-related learning styles and behaviours:A discussion paper

Globalisation requires that nursing education focuses on culturally competent care.International students studying in Australia present a valuable resource for cultural learning,yet internationalisation presents opportunities and challenges for both lecturers and students.This paper explores Chinese nursing students,the single largest group of international students in Australia,their communication behaviour,patterns and learning styles at Australian universities from cultural and psychosocial perspectives.Our aim is to provide insight for educators in Western countries to better understand this particular ethnic group and help Chinese nursing students overcome learning difficulties and develop their potential learning capabilities.We further recommend coping strategies to help international Chinese nursing students'learning.

Development of Specialized Courses and Establishment of Teaching Materials in Nursing of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine

Since the Third Plenary Session of the 11 thCentral Committee of the Communist Party of China( CPC),with the promotion and development of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the pace of TCM nursing work has been accelerated in nationwide,and a group of integrated Chinese and western medicine nurses have been cultivated preliminarily. However,professional nurses of integrated Chinese and western medicine are still deficient extremely. The target of talent cultivation,based on the theory of "focusing on humanism,expanding diathesis,and enhancing practice to highlight the accommodation and integration of nurses of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine",is to cultivate competent,practical and interdisciplinary senior nursing talents with strong professional basis,skilled operations,rich humanistic literacy,and sharp innovative spirit who not only master modern nursing knowledge and skills,but also can perform comprehensive nursing under the guidance of TCM theory of holistic concept and syndrome differentiation and nursing. This study,through investigating and analyzing the settings of3-year nursing professional courses in about 20 senior medical colleges,including senior nursing education of TCM,reformed the development of professional nursing courses of integrated Chinese and western medicine and the establishment of educational materials according to the course settings and educational work modes,so as to analyze the current status of nursing education of integrated Chinese and western medicine,determine course targets,and establish course system and educational work modes.

Chinese nurses’ perceived impact of international educational experiences and cultural beliefs following a 1-year study abroad program: an exploratory study

Objectives:To examine the perceived impact of international educational experiences and cultural beliefs before and after completing a 1-year Masters of Science in Nursing program.Methods:An exploratory study was conducted among Chinese nurses studying abroad in a private medium-sized university in the United States.The 27-item electronic pre-survey was administered within 1 week of starting the program and the post-survey was administered 1 year later at the completion of the program.Results:Majority of participants(n=25)were female,23–36 years of age.Findings revealed that the perceived impact of international educational experiences assessed at the start of the program was similar to the perceived impact measured at the end of the 1-year program,suggesting that the students learned and experienced what they anticipated.There was a significant impact on cultural beliefs from the start of the program compared with the end of the program suggesting that a 1-year study abroad program does influence cultural beliefs.Conclusions:Understanding what is important to provide in a study abroad program and providing the educational experiences identified by students as impactful are avenues to help host universities best develop their programs.Findings suggested that the 1-year program can influence foreign students’cultural beliefs,yet the professional and personal impact of this change warrants further study.

Teaching in Different Cultures:Comparison of Teacher Education Programs between China and the U.S.

In recent years,teacher education,as an important part of educational issues,has attracted governments'attention in the world and made some achievements.Chinese people often say that education is the hope for the revitalization of the nation,and teacher education is the hope for the revitalization of education.Thus,teacher education plays an important role in the devel opment of the whole nation.This essay aims to find out the respective advantages and disadvantages of the teacher education pro grams in China and the America,through the comparison of their specific characteristics.It will also explore what the Chinese teacher education system can benefit from the successful experiences of that in the U.S.

The Influence of Culture on Education: China and America

This paper shows some different influences of culture on education in China and America. America and China have different education systems, which produce different education forms and methods. Also, parents use different methods to educate their children. In order to develop our education system in China, we must change our educational concepts, develop our economy and strengthen cultural communication with other countries.

Studies of nursing in acute mastitis in China:Bibliometric analysis

Objective:To analyze the research hotspots of nursing related to lactation acute mastitis in China and provide guidance and reference for nursing researchers.Methods:Papers from China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Data,VIP Data,and SinoMed are collected.All papers were imported into Noteexpress software in the form of bibliography to check again and delete duplicate references.The remaining literature was screened by reading the title and abstract and finally included by reading the full text.The paper’s information was analyzed using SPSS 22.0.Results:1275 papers are searched and 531 papers are included at last.Periodical literature accounted for the highest proportion,96.80%.Moreover,the journal with the largest number of entries is China Health Care and Nutrition.In 2007,the number of literatures related to acute mastitis nursing began to increase rapidly,and the most articles were published in Henan.Among the literature types,the majority are literatures expert experience.Only 18 literature reports were funded.Conclusions:Papers on acute mastitis nursing are increasing year by year and gradually become a research hotspot.However,the development of this study is uneven in different regions,with little financial support,and randomized controlled trials are still to be carried out.

The effects of the application of WeChat as a platform combined with problem-based learning in nursing teaching in China:a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Recently,WeChat application has been widely applied in the field of nursing education in China.Among them,WeChat as a platform combined with problem-based learning(PBL)teaching method is a commonly used method in nursing teaching,however,no unanimous consensus on the effectiveness of the application of nursing teaching.Purpose:The purpose of this meta-analysis is to systematically evaluate the effectiveness of WeChat as a platform combined with PBL teaching method in nursing teaching for Chinese nursing students from four aspects:nursing students'performance,ability,learning interest and teaching satisfaction.Methods:The following English and Chinese databases were searched for relevant articles:PubMed,Embase,Cochrane library,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),WanFang Database,VIP Database and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database(CBM).The search timeframe was set fromthe establishment of these databaseto August 2021.Two reviewers separately screened records,abstracted data,and assessed risk of bias in trials included.Review Manager Software 5.3 was used to analyze data.Results:A total of 11 randomized controlled trials(RCTs)were included.The results of this meta-analysis showed that WeChat combined with PBL teaching method can significantly improve theory examination(SMD=2.50,95%CI:1.69 to 3.30,P<0.001),operation skill(SMD=2.32,95%CI:1.47 to 3.18,P<0.001),comprehensive ability(SMD=3.18,95%CI:1.59 to 4.76,P<0.001),and learning interest(SMD=3.08,95%CI:1.44 to 4.72,P<0.001)in Chinese nursing students,and increase nursing students on teachers'teaching satisfaction(SMD=2.64,95%CI:0.39 to 4.89,P<0.001).Conclusion:WeChat combined with PBL teaching method can significantly enhance Chinese nursing students'knowledge mastery and application,improve their comprehensive ability and learning interest,and improve classroom teaching effect.College nursing educators should consider adopting WeChat combined with PBL teaching method in nursing education to fully demonstrate its application value.

Perceptions of cultural competency of undergraduate nursing students

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the level of cultural competence of undergraduate nursing students at a large Midwestern University. Background: Developing cultural competence of nurses is critical to meet the needs of our growing diverse society. Methods: A convenience sample of 150 undergraduate nursing students completed a one-time questionnaire assessing students’ cultural competence. Results: Nursing students’ rated their overall knowledge and comfort moderate to poor with only 28% rated themselves as very comfortable and 15% as very skillful in providing culturally competent care. Students rated their knowledge and comfort highest in taking a family history, whereas, the lowest scores were related to pregnancy and childbirth, death and dying, and organ donation in other cultures. Conclusions: Findings suggest that nursing students feel inadequately prepared to provide culturally competent care.

Increasing undergraduate nursing students’cultural competence:an evaluation study

Background:Cultural competence has become increasingly important for Chinese health professionals because of internationalization and the opening up of China to overseas visitors and business as well as a growing awareness of the needs of minority groups within China.This study aimed to evaluate a workshop designed to improve cultural competence among Chinese undergraduate nursing students.Methods:A one-group pretest and posttest design was applied.The intervention was a one-day workshop based on transformative learning theory using a variety of teaching strategies.Forty undergraduate nursing students from a university in Wuhan,China selected by convenient sampling received the intervention.Data were collected before the intervention(T1),immediately after the intervention(T2),and 1 month(T3)and 3 months(T4)following the intervention through the Chinese version of Cultural Competence Inventory for Nurses(CCIN).A researcher-designed evaluation form including open-ended questions was also used.Results:Participants’scores by CCIN increased significantly in the total score(p<.001)as well as the components of cultural awareness(p=.003),cultural knowledge(p<.001),cultural understanding(p=.007)and cultural skills(p<.001),but not in cultural respect.This improvement maintained at T3 and T4.Overall,participants were satisfied with the workshop,and the qualitative results supported the effects of this intervention.Conclusions:The one-day workshop was effective in improving nursing students’cultural competence.Replication or further refinement of this workshop is recommended for future research among additional nursing students with diverse backgrounds.

Experiences of Chinese nurses studying for master’s degree in the UK: a qualitative study

Objective:To explore experiences of Chinese nurses who study for Master of Science in Professional Practice(health care)in the United Kingdom.Methods:A qualitative approach was applied,consisting of semi-structured telephone interviews(n=8).The Colaizzi seven-step framework analysis method was used to extract themes.Results:The themes that emerged are as follows:(1)gains from studying overseas,(2)difficulties during studying,and(3)impacts of learning experience on work.The gains for nurses studying overseas include the improvement of scientific research capabilities,reconstruction of critical thinking,and development of reflection ability.Difficulties while studying mainly include language barrier,strict assessment,and boring life.Conclusions:The education of nursing postgraduate attaches impor tance to the cultivation of thinking.Nurses are very interested in nursing research including qualitative and quantitative methods.Nurses encountered language barriers in their study and life even though they knew a cer tain level of English.

儒家生命伦理融入老年护理学课程思政的实践效果

目的:探讨儒家生命伦理融入老年护理学课程思政的实践效果。方法:采取整群抽样法,以2018级312名(对照组)和2019级266名(试验组)本科护生为研究对象,对照组采用常规教学模式,试验组开展融入儒家生命伦理的老年护理学课程思政教学,课程结束后调查试验组护生对课程思政的内容和效果的感受,分析两组护生关怀能力、服务老年人意愿和考试成绩。结果:试验组266名护生中96.2%认为我国传统文化对医学生有可借鉴的智慧和思想,83.1%认为教学设计参与性和启发性较好,92.5%对课程评价总体满意。与老人共同生活的时间、家庭关系、对老龄化问题的关注程度会影响护生服务老年人意愿(P<0.05)。试验组护生关怀能力、服务老年人意愿、考试成绩均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:将儒家生命伦理融入老年护理学课程思政的教学设计有助于提升护生关怀能力和服务老年人意愿,促进其道德品质提升,更好地满足社会对老年护理人才的需求。

“健康中国”视域下以教育家精神引领中医护理课程建设

教育家精神根植于中华传统文化,是中华文明的重要组成部分,中医护理也是我国人民在几千年历史进程中的伟大发明与创造,两者具有天然的共同性、密切的联系性、紧密的结合性。因此,可以以教育家精神引领中医护理课程建设,以教育家精神的科学内涵丰富中医护理课程内容,以教育家精神与时俱进为教师专业发展指路引航,以教育家精神为思政元素润物无声、潜移默化地丰富学生的精神世界,从而全面助力健康中国建设。

中医医院新入职本科护士培训考核评价指标的构建

目的 构建中医医院新入职本科护士培训考核评价指标。方法 通过文献研究、小组讨论,建立中医医院新入职本科护士培训考核评价指标初稿,选取来自7个省份的中华护理学会中医中西医结合护理分会的15名专家进行2轮专家咨询,确定考核评价内容及其权重。结果 2轮专家函询问卷的有效回收率均为100%,专家权威系数分别是0.962、0.980,肯德尔协调系数分别是0.220、0.268(均P<0.05),最终形成的中医医院新入职本科护士培训考核评价指标包括5项一级指标、24项二级指标和77项三级指标。结论 构建的中医医院新入职本科护士培训考核评价指标具有较高的可靠性和科学性,可为中医医院管理者及培训者选拔人才提供参考。

中医药文化融入中医药院校课程思政模式的探索--以《老年护理学》课程为例

[目的]以中医药院校《老年护理学》课程为例,积极探索将中医药文化融入课程思政教育的教学改革新模式。[方法]通过文献研究法等方法,聚焦护理专业育人本质,构建《老年护理学》中医药文化课程思政方案和评价体系。[结果]通过老年护理四个维度“认识、实践、感悟、创新”,构建出中医药课程思政方案教学模式,根据不同维度形成全方位的课程思政评价体系,促进课程思政的有效实施。[结论]将中医药文化融入课程思政,解决医学专业教育与思政育人“两张皮”现象,为中医药文化继承发扬及现代化中医药高素质人才培养,作出了有益探索和贡献。

融入中医思政元素的多元化儿科护理学教学实践研究

目的探索在高等中医院校儿科护理学课程中融入中医思政元素多元化教学的实践效果。方法选取安徽中医药大学2019级429名学生作为研究组,选取安徽中医药大学2018级432名学生作为对照组。对照组在儿科护理学教学中采用常规课堂教学方法,研究组在儿科护理学教学中结合学科特点、护生的特征和中医文化的特色,采用融入中医思政的多元化教学方法。比较两组师生的教学反馈。结果儿科护理学课程中融入含中医思政元素的多元化教学后,97.4%的学生能明显感受到老师的亲和力、正向引导力,99.3%的学生认为最满意的事是获得中西医专业知识和能力,97.2%的学生能积极利用资源完成学习任务,学生普遍认为自主学习能力、对专业课和中医的兴趣、职业信念及规划均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。教师认为本教学改革更具有现代意识和中医特色,有利于护理本科生适应中医护理临床和塑造职业价值观。结论儿科护理学课程中融入中医思政元素的多元化教学可有效提升学生的学习效率和综合素质,引导学生正确认识护理专业地位和社会价值、中医在健康维护中的作用,有助于稳定护理队伍。

以中医护士培训基地为依托的中医护理专业化培训现状及研究进展

本文从中医护理专业化培训现状和研究进展方面切入,梳理以中医护士培训基地为依托的中医护理专业化培训模式、培训内容和方法、培训质量评价、培训机构和师资队伍建设、专科培训与临床实践结合五个方面的现状与发展,为国内中医护士培训基地的培训管理和中医护理专业化培训政策及方法制定提供参考。

中医护理方案在青少年低度近视中的效果评价

目的评价对青少年低度近视实施中医护理方案的效果。方法选取2022年3月—2022年11月在中国中医科学院眼科医院眼科门诊就诊的青少年低度近视患儿130例(260只眼),随机分为对照组和观察组,各65例(130只眼)。对照组予常规护理和框架眼镜矫正,观察组在对照组的基础上给予中医护理方案干预,包括耳穴压丸、梅花针、眼部刮痧及个性化健康教育,每周2次,连续干预3个月。干预前及干预后分别填写《中小学生近视一般状况调查问卷》,观察患者用眼健康行为变化,采用近视疾病相关知识及预防保健知识答题评估近视知识掌握程度,检查患者裸眼视力和屈光度,进行统计学分析。结果(1)用眼健康行为:观察组干预后的每日户外活动时间高于对照组(t=3.018,P=0.003),每次使用电子产品的时间(t=2.822,P=0.006)、每日持续近距离读写的时间(t=2.648,P=0.009)、每周课外学习时间低于对照组(t=2.093,P=0.038),差异均有统计学意义。(2)近视知识掌握程度:2组干预后近视知识答题得分均较干预前升高(t_(对照组)=5.576、t_(观察组)=11.626,均P=0.000),干预后2组比较,观察组得分高于对照组(t=4.350,P=0.000),差异均有统计学意义。(3)裸眼视力:对照组干预后裸眼视力较干预前降低(t=3.310,P=0.001),观察组干预后裸眼视力较干预前升高(t=5.118,P=0.000),差异均有统计学意义。干预后2组比较,观察组裸眼视力优于对照组(t=5.109,P=0.000),差异均有统计学意义。(4)屈光度:对照组干预后屈光度较本组干预前升高,差异有统计学意义(t=4.176,P=0.000),观察组干预后屈光度较干预前比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后2组比较,观察组屈光度优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.092,P=0.037)。结论耳穴压丸、梅花针、眼部刮痧及个性化健康教育的中医护理方案在一定程度上能延缓青少年低度近视的进展。

基于中医情志护理的健康宣教结合五音疗法对冠心病经皮冠状动脉介入术术后患者焦虑抑郁及睡眠质量的影响

目的观察基于中医情志护理的健康宣教结合五音疗法对冠心病经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)术后患者焦虑抑郁及睡眠质量的影响。方法选择2022年1月至2023年8月赣南医学院第一附属医院收治的60例行PCI的冠心病患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组(30例)、观察组(30例),对照组采用常规护理,观察组采用基于中医情志护理的健康宣教结合五音疗法护理。比较两组患者的睡眠质量、焦虑和抑郁情绪、健康行为、中医证候积分情况。结果观察组护理后的Spiegel睡眠量表评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组护理后的焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组护理后的健康行为评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组护理后的心胸疼痛、胸闷、心悸、气短、心中烦躁、夜寐不安、精神不振评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论冠心病PCI术后给予患者基于中医情志护理的健康宣教结合五音疗法,可明显改善患者睡眠质量、心理状态,缓解患者心胸疼痛、胸闷、心悸等症状,改善患者健康行为,可广泛应用。

中美文化交流的独特符号:丁龙研究的解构与再建构

论文回顾和梳理了120多年来丁龙研究的成果与主体,丁龙研究的学术分期以及丁龙文化符号的再建构。研究显示,1901—2022年,中美有关丁龙研究的文献成果,据不完全统计有126篇(部),成果形式多样。丁龙研究的主体,包括新闻记者、专家学者、广播电视工作者和侨务工作者。丁龙研究的学术分期主要分为两个阶段:建构阶段(1901—2000年)和解构阶段(2000年至今)。丁龙的“视野和理想”具有更加丰富的内涵,为再构建提供了更加广阔的空间。一是从美国排华视域研究丁龙;二是从美国早期“中国观”视域研究丁龙;三是从中美文化交流视域研究丁龙。“丁龙汉学讲座教授”的设立,是20世纪初发生在美国纽约的一个历史事件,开美国汉语教学、中国文化研究之先河。如今,“丁龙”已经成为美国汉学史、美国华侨史、中美文化交流史的一个重要的文化象征和标志性文化符号。