The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup... The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……展开更多
Applying computer technology to the field of food safety,and how to identify liquor quickly and accurately,is of vital importance and has become a research focus.In this paper,sparse principal component analysis(SPCA)...Applying computer technology to the field of food safety,and how to identify liquor quickly and accurately,is of vital importance and has become a research focus.In this paper,sparse principal component analysis(SPCA)was applied to seek sparse factors of the mid-infrared(MIR)spectra of five famous vintage year Chinese spirits.The results showed while meeting the maximum explained variance,23 sparse principal components(PCs)were selected as features in a support vector machine(SVM)model,which obtained a 97%classification accuracy.By comparison principal component analysis(PCA)selected 10 PCs as features but only achieved an 83%classification accuracy.Although both approaches were better than a direct SVM approach based on the classification results(64%classification accuracy),they also demonstrated the importance of extracting sparse PCs,which captured most important information.The combination of computer technology SPCA and MIR provides a new and convenient method for liquor identification in food safety.展开更多
A pilot scale test was conducted in a submerged membrane bioreactor SMBR with capacity of 10. 0 m^3/d for 120 days to treat high-strength Chinese traditional medicine wastewater. Performance of the SMBR was investigat...A pilot scale test was conducted in a submerged membrane bioreactor SMBR with capacity of 10. 0 m^3/d for 120 days to treat high-strength Chinese traditional medicine wastewater. Performance of the SMBR was investigated with a sludge retention time （ TSR ） of 50 days, a hydraulic retention time （ THR ） of 8.0 h, membrane flux of 8. 0 IV（ m^2 · h） and dissolved oxygen （DO） concentration of 2. 0 - 3. 0 mg/L, respectively. It was observed that the SMBR had high capacity of COD and suspended solid （SS） removal. The influent COD concentration was fluctuated between I 000 and 5 000 mg/L, while the averaged effluent COl） concentration was only 44. 6 mg/L. The influent SS concentration was fluctuated between 1 000 and 1 600 mg/L, while little effluent SS was detected. It was found that the COD remove rate increased with mixed liquor suspended solids （MLSS） and organic loading rate （ROL）. In order to obtain good-quality effluent, the operational conditions of the SMBR were suggested as follows： the temperature was controlled above 10 ℃, MLSS about 7000 mg/L, R,L under 24. 76 kg/（ m^3 · d）, low vacuum value and constant water flux.展开更多
A 62-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital in2011 because of recurrent abdominal pain,nausea and constipation for six months.Computed tomography enterography(CTE)showed tortuous thread-like calcifications in the...A 62-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital in2011 because of recurrent abdominal pain,nausea and constipation for six months.Computed tomography enterography(CTE)showed tortuous thread-like calcifications in the ileocolic vein and right colic vein,while colonoscopy revealed purple-blue mucosa extending from the cecum to the splenic flexure.Based on the results of these tests,the patient was diagnosed with idiopathic mesenteric phlebosclerosis(IMP).She had a history of Chinese medical liquor intake for one and a half years and her symptoms subsided after conservative treatment.In 2013,a 63-year-old male patient who presented with recurrent lower right abdominal pain,bloating,melena and diarrhea for fifteen months was admitted to our institution.Colonoscopy and CTE led to the diagnosis of IMP.He also used Chinese medical liquor for approximately 12 years.The patient underwent total colectomy and the postoperative course was uneventful.We searched for previously published reports on similar cases and analyzed the clinical data of 50 cases identified in PubMed.As some of these patients admitted use of Chinese medicines,we hypothesize that Chinese medicines may play a role in the pathogenesis of IMP.展开更多
Objectives:Investigating the element profiles of Be,Al,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Se,Rb,Sr,Ag,Cd,Cs,La,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Pb,Th,and U of Baijiu(Chinese liquors),and setting up their classification according to geographical...Objectives:Investigating the element profiles of Be,Al,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Se,Rb,Sr,Ag,Cd,Cs,La,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Pb,Th,and U of Baijiu(Chinese liquors),and setting up their classification according to geographical origin.Materials and Methods:Twenty-eight Chinese liquors from Shandong,Guizhou,and Sichuan provinces were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with the aid of matrix matching,online internal calibration,and direct injection to determine the concentrations of the aforementioned 26 elements.Multivariate statistical analysis,based on the contents of elements in the liquors,was applied to differentiate the liquors from different origins.Results:Both the cluster analysis based on 11 elements and the discriminant analysis based on 5 elements can separate the liquors of Shandong Province from others.A leave-one-out cross test of the discriminant analysis data resulted in 100 per cent accuracy regarding the recognition ability and prediction ability for the liquors from Shandong Province,and an overall 75.0 per cent accuracy of its prediction for all the 28 total liquors.Limitations:The liquors of Guizhou and Sichuan provinces can not be differentiated successfully.Conclusions:The liquors produced in Shandong Province can be differentiated in a great extent from Guizhou and Sichuan provinces based on the multivariate statistical analysis of the concentration of elements in liquors,while those of Guizhou and Sichuan provinces can not be differentiated successfully due to their geographical adjacency.展开更多
文摘 The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……
基金This work was financially supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant Number:61962010).
文摘Applying computer technology to the field of food safety,and how to identify liquor quickly and accurately,is of vital importance and has become a research focus.In this paper,sparse principal component analysis(SPCA)was applied to seek sparse factors of the mid-infrared(MIR)spectra of five famous vintage year Chinese spirits.The results showed while meeting the maximum explained variance,23 sparse principal components(PCs)were selected as features in a support vector machine(SVM)model,which obtained a 97%classification accuracy.By comparison principal component analysis(PCA)selected 10 PCs as features but only achieved an 83%classification accuracy.Although both approaches were better than a direct SVM approach based on the classification results(64%classification accuracy),they also demonstrated the importance of extracting sparse PCs,which captured most important information.The combination of computer technology SPCA and MIR provides a new and convenient method for liquor identification in food safety.
基金Sponsored by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2002AA601310).
文摘A pilot scale test was conducted in a submerged membrane bioreactor SMBR with capacity of 10. 0 m^3/d for 120 days to treat high-strength Chinese traditional medicine wastewater. Performance of the SMBR was investigated with a sludge retention time （ TSR ） of 50 days, a hydraulic retention time （ THR ） of 8.0 h, membrane flux of 8. 0 IV（ m^2 · h） and dissolved oxygen （DO） concentration of 2. 0 - 3. 0 mg/L, respectively. It was observed that the SMBR had high capacity of COD and suspended solid （SS） removal. The influent COD concentration was fluctuated between I 000 and 5 000 mg/L, while the averaged effluent COl） concentration was only 44. 6 mg/L. The influent SS concentration was fluctuated between 1 000 and 1 600 mg/L, while little effluent SS was detected. It was found that the COD remove rate increased with mixed liquor suspended solids （MLSS） and organic loading rate （ROL）. In order to obtain good-quality effluent, the operational conditions of the SMBR were suggested as follows： the temperature was controlled above 10 ℃, MLSS about 7000 mg/L, R,L under 24. 76 kg/（ m^3 · d）, low vacuum value and constant water flux.
文摘A 62-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital in2011 because of recurrent abdominal pain,nausea and constipation for six months.Computed tomography enterography(CTE)showed tortuous thread-like calcifications in the ileocolic vein and right colic vein,while colonoscopy revealed purple-blue mucosa extending from the cecum to the splenic flexure.Based on the results of these tests,the patient was diagnosed with idiopathic mesenteric phlebosclerosis(IMP).She had a history of Chinese medical liquor intake for one and a half years and her symptoms subsided after conservative treatment.In 2013,a 63-year-old male patient who presented with recurrent lower right abdominal pain,bloating,melena and diarrhea for fifteen months was admitted to our institution.Colonoscopy and CTE led to the diagnosis of IMP.He also used Chinese medical liquor for approximately 12 years.The patient underwent total colectomy and the postoperative course was uneventful.We searched for previously published reports on similar cases and analyzed the clinical data of 50 cases identified in PubMed.As some of these patients admitted use of Chinese medicines,we hypothesize that Chinese medicines may play a role in the pathogenesis of IMP.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFD0400500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31601556)Beijing Natural Science Foundation Program and Scientific Research Key Program of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education(KZ201410011015).
文摘Objectives:Investigating the element profiles of Be,Al,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Se,Rb,Sr,Ag,Cd,Cs,La,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Pb,Th,and U of Baijiu(Chinese liquors),and setting up their classification according to geographical origin.Materials and Methods:Twenty-eight Chinese liquors from Shandong,Guizhou,and Sichuan provinces were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with the aid of matrix matching,online internal calibration,and direct injection to determine the concentrations of the aforementioned 26 elements.Multivariate statistical analysis,based on the contents of elements in the liquors,was applied to differentiate the liquors from different origins.Results:Both the cluster analysis based on 11 elements and the discriminant analysis based on 5 elements can separate the liquors of Shandong Province from others.A leave-one-out cross test of the discriminant analysis data resulted in 100 per cent accuracy regarding the recognition ability and prediction ability for the liquors from Shandong Province,and an overall 75.0 per cent accuracy of its prediction for all the 28 total liquors.Limitations:The liquors of Guizhou and Sichuan provinces can not be differentiated successfully.Conclusions:The liquors produced in Shandong Province can be differentiated in a great extent from Guizhou and Sichuan provinces based on the multivariate statistical analysis of the concentration of elements in liquors,while those of Guizhou and Sichuan provinces can not be differentiated successfully due to their geographical adjacency.
