Influence of Chinese and Western Culture on Modern Church Architecture in Yan’an Area

Based on the historical records and field investigation, this paper aims at elaborating the architectural styles, interior space design and architectural landscape of modern church architecture in Yan’an, analyzing the influence of Chinese and western culture on modern church architecture in Yan’an and expounding the historical and cultural value as church architecture, which will play a great role in the protection, inheritance and utilization of modern architecture in Yan’an area.

The Dissemination, Influence, and Reception of the Modern Western Translation Theories in China

Modern Western translation theories have exerted a great influence upon the Chinese translation fields. The author of the present paper believes that science has no boundaries and nationality. It is advisable and necessary to learn and absorb what we do not know and then make the best use of the knowledge. The author tries to analyze what the western translation theories have brought to us, the advantages and disadvantage of them, and finally put forward the possible attitude we may take to the western translation theories.

On the Establishment of Modern Medical System of Assimilating Advantages of Oriental Medicine and Western Medicine—A Speech by the Vice-Chairperson of the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China,President of Chinese Medical Associatio

It is known to all that traditional Chinese medicine and pharmacy, as the summary of Chinese people fighting against various kinds of disease for thousands of years, has a summate theoretical system possessing the essence of Chinese classical philosophy, intensively reflects deep thinking and pondering of Chinese culture on the human being himself and dialectical relation between human and culture, making indelible contribution to the offspring reproduction and prosperity.

British Missionary Timothy Richard and Chinese Modern Education

British missionary Timothy Richard came to China, actuated by preaching the Gospel and expanding the sphere of Christian influence. Considering some complex reasons for history, civilization, ideology and custom etc, he paid attention to secular education as well as doing missionary work to attain his Christian goal. He laid much stress on the function of education, so he proposed Chinese government should set up Educational Department. In the late Qing Dynasty, he participated in the organization and management of Shanxi Imperial University. Under the circumstances of modern times of China, when it was in the grip of national crisis, and the contradictory between China and foreign countries was acute and complicated, all the work he had done exerted objective influences in many aspects. While it reflected the strong semi—colonial character in modernization of Chinese education, it had some positive effect as well.

Multi-disciplinary Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine——An Exploration

This paper discusses the present state of Tra- ditional Chinese Medicine being divided into three leading lines of thought, namely, the Clinical line, the Integration of Western and Chinese Medicine line and the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine line. It also describes the position of Tra- ditional Chinese Medicine being a medical science rich in philosophy and wisdom and a culture centred upon medical science and technology. It outlines the basic characteristic of Traditional Chinese Medicine being rooted in the ’ Holistic Theory’ and ’ Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment ’ and pointed out various flaws in methodology in Integra- tion of Western and Chinese Medicine research. It also stresses that in order to make fruitful progress in the development of Traditional Chinese Medicine, multi-discipline research in Traditional Chinese Medicine should be made on a thoroughly under- standing of the basic methodology of Traditional Chi- nese Medicine and follow its established principles.

As An“Unfinished Scheme”-- Detective Fiction and the Sinicization of Modernity,1896-1949

This paper,analyses how the Chinese writers borrowed the literary genre of detective fiction from the West,but also points out the"indigenous"features of the Chinese detective fiction during the late Qing and early republic periods.Further,it examines why a few Chinese writers chose to reshape detective fiction-an imported literary genre-with these indigenous features.While earlier studies argue that the"old htterateurs"in modem China represented the conservative forces,I believe that these writers were in fact well aware of the impact of Western ideologies and intellectual trends on the Chinese society.Their preference of the indigenous,therefore,was not a bhnd choice but a conscious act of resistance.Unlike the"New Literature"writers'positive responses to Westem ideas,this group of writers treated Western ideas not as the way-to save the motherland.Rather,they viewed the"hegemony"of the empires with alarm,and resorted to a set of traditional Chinese cultural values for ways of precluding such hegemony.Their efforts of reshaping detective fiction by this means,I argue,sheds a new light on the cultural transformation of the Chinese society-and,more broadly,of the Asian societies-during this time.That is,such transformation figured not simply as the great triumph of the West over the Asian societies,but rather suggested a dynamic process of cultural collisions and re-creation.

新质生产力:中国式现代化的新动能与新路径

纵观西方现代化和中国式现代化的历史进程,生产力的持续发展是现代化的共同特征。人类历史上每一次生产力的重大跃升都以一系列开创性的科学发现和技术突破为先导,因而科技创新是社会生产力发展的关键因素。随着新一轮科技革命和产业变革的孕育兴起,新质生产力将取代传统生产力,成为推动中国式现代化的重要力量。新质生产力是以科技创新为主导,实现关键性、颠覆性技术突破的生产力,本质上是社会生产力的一次重大跃升。发展新质生产力是推动高质量发展的内在要求和重要着力点,亦是中国式现代化的必然选择。加快形成新质生产力以推进中国式现代化,应在宏观层面坚持市场与政府有机结合,使二者协力推动科技创新;应在中观层面培育战略性新兴产业和未来产业,增强发展新动能;应在微观层面坚持“两个毫不动摇”,激发各类创新主体活力。

中国式现代化对“西方中心主义”的破解

实现现代化是人类文明进步的显著标识和各个国家的发展需要。各国现代化实践道路的多样性源于现代性的本质规定,这一本质规定内蕴普遍性和特殊性的有机统一,既具有各国现代化的共同特征,也包含自身的民族特色。西方资本主义国家率先开辟了现代化的历史进程,并在世界范围内推行现代化发展的单一模式,以资本现代化的文明面向来掩盖其剥削实质,衍生出“西方中心主义”的文明视域。中国共产党在百年历史进程中开辟出中国特色社会主义现代化新道路,在坚持社会主义文明定向的基础上,拒斥了西方一元现代性叙事的强制逻辑,向世界展现出多元现代性的文明图景。

中国式现代化对西方“现代化陷阱”的跨越

现代化代表着人类社会发展由不发达状态走向发达状态的必然趋势,昭示着人类社会文明发展的现代方向,是全人类的共同追求。作为人类社会现代化的早发形态,西方式现代化存在着诸多难以克服的固有缺陷,并非定于一尊的现代化模式。中国式现代化是中国共产党矢志不渝的奋斗目标,是关于现代化道路的中国实践和探索。中国式现代化能够跨越西方所谓的“马尔萨斯陷阱”“中等收入陷阱”“马尔库塞陷阱”“库兹涅茨陷阱”“修昔底德陷阱”,开创了人类实现现代化的新道路和新愿景,为发展中国家提供了实现现代化的新参考和新选择。

中国式现代化背景下西部农村学前教育高质量发展的困境与纾解

西部农村学前教育高质量发展对建设教育强国、推进中国式现代化具有重要意义。理论上,中国式现代化从普惠性教育、整体性思维、内涵式发展、共生型主张、前瞻性布局五个维度为农村学前教育高质量发展指明了方向。实践上,通过对我国西部70所农村幼儿园的大规模调研发现,在中国式现代化进程中,我国学前教育整体取得了跨越式发展,但西部农村学前教育仍面临规模与质量协同的“困顿”、教育资源供给与需求的“错配”、园本课程特色与底色的“迷失”、教师专业发展能动与被动的“纠葛”、教育督导与评估机制的“乏力”等困境。为此,有必要建立“量质并举”的教育质量观,顺应人口变动,合理调控教育资源,坚持乡土特色与课程底色并重,构建以教师为核心的“1+3+N”育人新格局,加强数字化教育质量评估体系建设。

中国式现代化与人类文明新形态的时代内涵

理解人类文明新形态的主要内涵、形成逻辑与重要意义,需要将其放在中国特色社会主义与社会主义初级阶段的特定语境之中,也即人类文明新形态有着特定的时代内涵。人类文明新形态源于中国式现代化的实践成就与理论升华,其产生的标志是统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局的提出,相应地“五个文明”的协调发展成为其核心以及主要表现形式。而新发展理念则从方法论与世界观的维度开创人类文明新形态并指引着其发展。在人类文明新形态的形成过程中,马克思主义中国化时代化的“两个结合”不仅构成其根脉和魂脉,而且为其发展成熟提供精神指引。在社会主义初级阶段乃至更高阶段,人类文明新形态以实现全体人民物质生活和精神生活的共同富裕以及人的全面自由发展为目标,而全体人民共同富裕彰显其先进特质并推动其发展。人类文明新形态的内涵也就借助中国式现代化、“五个文明”、新发展理念、“两个结合”与共同富裕等具有中国特色的话语表达出来,显示出其与传统社会主义文明和西方资本主义文明相比较的创新性、发展性、世界性及其使命追求。由于人类文明新形态产生于中国特色社会主义初级阶段,其发展与成熟既与中国式现代化的发展成熟同步,也是一个与之相比更长的发展过程,但在世界百年未有之大变局的时代背景下也给人类现代化与人类文明发展提供了方案与方向。

在超越西方现代性危机中建构中国式现代化的新现代性

现代化是当今人类社会发展不可逆转的必然趋势,是评价一个国家或民族发展是否与时俱进的重要依据,综合表现人类文明演进的历史整体。由于中国社会经济的蓬勃发展,中国在许多领域获得了前所未有的成就,中国式现代化成为当前学界热议的重要话题,而西方现代化亦不再是标志着社会模式未来发展的“唯一神话”。对比中国式现代化的深刻内涵和中国特色,探究西方现代化凸显的现代性危机问题、西方现代性危机背后的叙事逻辑以及中国式现代化如何在超越西方现代性危机中建构新的现代性等问题。通过对中国式现代化新路的理论与实践研究,展示中国在走自己的现代化道路中,如何对西方现代性危机叙事逻辑系统进行反思,建构自身的新现代性,为人类现代化发展贡献中国智慧与中国方案。

“中国目录学史研究”的主要内容与框架

中国目录学在经历了漫长的知识积累与经验总结后,借19世纪末至20世纪初近代学术转型之机,在充分继承传统目录学历史财富基础上,吸收西方目录学思想,完成了学科体系的理论化、系统化建构。本课题旨在对先秦至公元2000年中国目录学的历史发展进行全景式梳理,从“中国目录学史研究资料整理”及“中国目录学史研究”两个维度,按照“提出问题→梳理史料→分析史料→解决问题”的研究思路开展研究:首先,提出中国目录学史重要理论问题,搭建中国目录学史研究框架;其次,全面展开中国目录学史研究资料收集,编撰《中国目录学年表新编》;最后,根据中国目录学史的历史分期,分阶段开展中国目录学史的研究与写作。

中国式现代化:现代性诸问题的反思与超越

纵观人类近现代史,虽然世界各国现代化道路各不相同,但主要国家在现代化道路上都不同程度地陷入现代化“发展陷阱”。由资本逻辑所支配的文明对立的逻辑、政治权力的逻辑、社会分化的逻辑、劳动异化的逻辑、生态文明的逻辑等诸多问题,致使全球都被裹挟至现代性困境之中。中国式现代化作为后发国家现代化具有鲜明的反思性与超越性,是人类发展史上的伟大创造。西方国家现代性的片面演进吁求着完整的现代性出场。面对这一前沿命题,中国共产党以马克思主义为指导,扬弃资本逻辑、坚持人民至上逻辑,构建起更为完整的现代性运行规律。中国式现代化在兼顾自身健康发展与全球共同发展的同时,找到了摒弃资本主义的现代性弊端的实践途径,探索出人类经济社会发展的新模式,开辟出人类文明发展的新道路。

比较视域下中国式现代化的世界意义

中国式现代化作为惠及全体民众、谋求共同富裕、追求全面协调、实现生态美好、倡导和平发展的现代化新模式,以“人民至上”为价值遵循、以全面协调为发展逻辑、以和平发展为基本原则,超越了西方资本主义现代化的发展模式;开创政党中心主义新范式、秉持独立自主基本原则、坚持守正与创新相统一,突破了后发现代化国家对西方发达国家的依附关系,重塑了现代化新路径;创造以全过程人民民主为核心的政治文明、以实现共同富裕为目标的物质文明、以交流互鉴为基点的精神文明、以公平正义为归宿的社会文明、以人与自然和谐共生为内在要求的生态文明,为人类文明注入了新活力。

中国式现代化的独特文明观对西方文明观的批判与超越

中国式现代化所蕴含的独特文明观及其发展实践,形成了对西方文明观的有力批判和全面超越。西方文明观基于“文明—野蛮”“传统—现代”“民主—威权”“中心—边缘”等二元对立叙事逻辑在不同时期呈现多重面相,这些面相下隐藏着二元对立服务于一元倾向、真理原则臣服于价值原则、道义主张屈从于利益诉求的实质性局限。中国式现代化坚持发展全过程人民民主,揭穿了“西方化即民主化”的假象;坚持文明多样性,以平等、互鉴、对话、包容超越“文明冲突论”和“文明优越论”;坚持贯通古今、融通中外,以系统观念超越线性思维;推动构建人类命运共同体,以“世界同心圆”超越“西方中心论”。

何以中国式?中华文明支撑中国式现代化的多维审视

习近平在文化传承发展座谈会上阐释了中华文明与中国式现代化的内在联系,中华文明赋予中国式现代化以深厚底蕴。与西方文明浸润下的西方现代化不同,中华文明是中国式现代化之所以“中国式”的根源。从中西文明差异视角拨开西方现代化的迷雾与迷思,认识中华文明支撑中国式现代化的逻辑必然,全面阐释中华文明为中国式现代化理论生成提供资源沃土,在不同时期现代化历史探索中提供文化支撑,为现代化建设的实践发展提供前进力量,既是对何以形成发展助推中国式现代化的最好注解,也是回应“何以中国式”时代命题,深化中国式现代化发展的理论自觉。