Antivirulence therapy inhibits bacterial virulence factors, thus preventing the development of infection without affecting bacterial growth. The development of new antibiotics is complicated by the increasing incidenc...Antivirulence therapy inhibits bacterial virulence factors, thus preventing the development of infection without affecting bacterial growth. The development of new antibiotics is complicated by the increasing incidence of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria. Antiviru-lence therapy is a promising alternative to traditional an-tibiotic therapy for the treatment of infectious disease, either alone or in combination with antibiotic treatment. In this review, we consider patents concerning inhibition of several bacterial virulence factors： adhesion/colonization, secretion systems, cellular signalling systems and antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. Finally, we emphasize the importance of analyzing new targets and/or molecules in this feld and of considering possible resistance mechanisms.展开更多
Research and development within the windsurfing field is comprised purely of previous experience, prototype building and testing on the water. The use of Computer Aided Design （CAD） systems and simulation packages c...Research and development within the windsurfing field is comprised purely of previous experience, prototype building and testing on the water. The use of Computer Aided Design （CAD） systems and simulation packages can significantly help in the design and testing phases by optimizing the design before a prototype is built. In the paper, supported by these software tools, the authors show a new patented system, named iDO, developed with the aim to stabilize the windsurf, to allow reducing the initial difficulties that a beginner meets in the learning phase. The design process, from the idea to the manufacturing aspects, with all the technical and technological problems, is described. The validation product was carried out by means of user evaluation questionnaires from sixty-four windsurfing beginners in several countries over world. The results show that the users are significantly satisfied with the product.展开更多
基金Supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III FEDER,Spanish Network for the Research in Infectious Diseases,No.REIPIRD12/0015the Spanish Ministry of Health and FEDER funding,No.FIS PI10/00056-PI13/02390(to Tomás M) and PI12/00552(to Bou G)the Miguel Servet Programme(C.H.U.A.Coruna and ISCIII)(to Tomás M)
文摘Antivirulence therapy inhibits bacterial virulence factors, thus preventing the development of infection without affecting bacterial growth. The development of new antibiotics is complicated by the increasing incidence of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria. Antiviru-lence therapy is a promising alternative to traditional an-tibiotic therapy for the treatment of infectious disease, either alone or in combination with antibiotic treatment. In this review, we consider patents concerning inhibition of several bacterial virulence factors： adhesion/colonization, secretion systems, cellular signalling systems and antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. Finally, we emphasize the importance of analyzing new targets and/or molecules in this feld and of considering possible resistance mechanisms.
文摘Research and development within the windsurfing field is comprised purely of previous experience, prototype building and testing on the water. The use of Computer Aided Design （CAD） systems and simulation packages can significantly help in the design and testing phases by optimizing the design before a prototype is built. In the paper, supported by these software tools, the authors show a new patented system, named iDO, developed with the aim to stabilize the windsurf, to allow reducing the initial difficulties that a beginner meets in the learning phase. The design process, from the idea to the manufacturing aspects, with all the technical and technological problems, is described. The validation product was carried out by means of user evaluation questionnaires from sixty-four windsurfing beginners in several countries over world. The results show that the users are significantly satisfied with the product.
