Wild chive oil is an extremely effective larvicide against malaria mosquito vector Anopheles stephensi

Objective: To assess the chemical composition and mosquito larvicidal potentials of essential oil of wild chive(Allium schoenoprasum L.) against Anopheles stephensi.Methods: In the search for an environmentally safer alternative mosquitoes control, the larvicidal efficacy of essential oil obtained from the leaves of Allium schoenoprasum L. against Anopheles stephensi was determined. The composition of chive essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Results: In toxicity assays, the essential oil demonstrated substantial larvicidal activity against larvae of Anopheles stephensi with LC_(50) and LC_(90) values of 2.60, and 7.31 ppm after 24 h of exposure, respectively. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of chive essential oil identified 35 components representing more than 97.31% of the total essential oil. The main constituents were sulfur compounds, including diallyl trisulfide(13.72%), 2-ethyl[1,3]dithiane(8.93%), allyl methyl trisulfide(8.77%), and trimethylene trisulfide(6.64%), respectively. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that wild chive essential oil has a rich source of eco-friendly bioactive compounds for use as a mosquito larvicide. The main reason for its extraordinary properties may be related to the high percentage of sulfur compounds.

香葱中蒜氨酸酶的分离纯化及其酶学性质

对香葱中蒜氨酸酶进行分离纯化并研究其酶学性质。通过均浆、离心、硫酸铵分级沉淀、透析、DEAE-52离子交换层析和Sephadex G200凝胶过滤层析技术分离纯化得到纯度较高的蒜氨酸酶,并利用SDS-PAGE电泳对其纯度进行鉴定。结果表明,经分离纯化可得纯化倍数为19.6倍的蒜氨酸酶,酶比活力为11.44U/mg,酶活回收率为32.1%,达到电泳纯,其亚基的分子质量约为54.5ku。纯酶的最适反应温度为45℃,最适pH7.0,以S-甲基-L-半胱氨酸亚砜为底物,蒜氨酸酶的Km为45.31mmol/L,Vmax为40.32μmol/(mg.min)。

水分胁迫下香葱穴盘苗的生理效应

研究了水分胁迫对香葱穴盘苗根系活力、叶片光合色素、渗透调节能力以及活性氧等的影响。结果表明:在水分胁迫下,香葱穴盘苗根系活力和叶片相对含水量与对照相比显著下降;叶片中叶绿素、可溶性糖、脯氨酸及MDA含量显著上升;SOD、POD及可溶性蛋白质的含量与对照相比无显著差异,香葱对水分胁迫有忍耐性.在基质含水量下降至17%的情况下,复水7d后各项生理指标与对照相比均无显著差异,表明其在复水后完全恢复。

不同香葱品种富硒能力鉴定评价

为了鉴定不同香葱(Allium schoenoprasum)品种的富硒能力,在同等供硒和统一田间管理下,测定19份不同香葱品种可食用部分总硒含量,测量株高、株幅、单株叶片数、分蘖数和单株重共5个农艺性状,测定氨基酸含量、粗蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量、维生素C含量和干物率共5个品质性状,并进行相关性分析,明确农艺性状、品质性状与植株硒含量的相关性,通过聚类分析对香葱的富硒能力进行品种分类。结果表明,不同香葱品种富硒能力差异较大,19个香葱品种硒含量平均为0.014 mg/kg,其中AF85含量最高,为0.024 mg/kg。硒含量与氨基酸含量呈显著正相关,与可溶性糖含量呈显著负相关。将供试品种硒含量进行聚类分析,可分为高富硒类、中等富硒类和低富硒类,其中高富硒类包括AF85和AF60,硒含量平均为0.0230 mg/kg。

泸西县香葱产业发展现状、存在问题及建议

泸西县是全国最大的香葱种植基地,为促进该地区香葱产业绿色、健康可持续发展,作者通过调研,总结了泸西香葱产业发展现状,找出香葱产业存在的问题,并从品种研发、质量控制、执法等方面提出了切实可行的建议。