The ongoing SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has rapidly increased the desire to manage bioaerosol exposures in indoor settings. Studies using chlorine dioxide gas (ClO<sub>2</sub>) at low concentrations have shown thi...The ongoing SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has rapidly increased the desire to manage bioaerosol exposures in indoor settings. Studies using chlorine dioxide gas (ClO<sub>2</sub>) at low concentrations have shown this intervention to be an effective mitigation strategy against viral, bacterial, and fungal elements in ambient air. There is an array of available products for generating ClO<sub>2</sub> gas however most involve the use of expensive or sophisticated technology that makes their applicability limited to specialized consumers. The purpose of this study was to determine the virucidal efficacy of three pragmatic and affordable, ClO<sub>2</sub> generating products using an aerosolized MS2 surrogate in a sealed chamber room under five different scenarios. The products tested included: Ultrashock—a ClO<sub>2</sub> releasing pod (30 ppmv), Filter Media—a ClO<sub>2</sub> impregnated zeolite media made to fit into an air blower housing (<0.01 ppmv) and Flow Stick—a smaller ClO<sub>2</sub> impregnated media filled air reactor tube (<0.01 ppmv). Testing scenarios included product deployment post MS2 bioaerosol introduction (Ultrashock and Filter Media), during MS2 bioaerosol introduction (Filter Media and Flow Stick) and prior to MS2 bioaerosol introduction (Filter Media). MS2 surface samples were collected using sterile petri-dishes and MS2 and ClO<sub>2</sub> air samples were collected from sampling ports on the outer chamber wall at 0, 90 and 180 minutes. The Ultrashock and Filter Media with air flow in the rapid sweep scenario showed the greatest reduction in air MS2 (T<sub>180</sub> = 99.992% and T<sub>180</sub> = 99.996% respectively) compared to the control (T<sub>180 </sub>= 99.6%). When compared to the control results, the filter media with air flow engaged prior to the introduction of MS2 yielded reductions of 99.87% and 99.93% in air and on surfaces respectively at T<sub>0</sub>, demonstrating the protective effect residual ClO2 has against air and surface contamination. These product formats have potential uses as remedial and preventative interventions against viral constituents in air and should undergo further evaluation to determine efficacy and human health risk.展开更多
The SET mechanism between chlorine dioxide （ClO2） and phenol was studied by using ab initio method at 4-31G* level. Geometries of the reactants, intermediate and products of the reaction were optimized and the singl...The SET mechanism between chlorine dioxide （ClO2） and phenol was studied by using ab initio method at 4-31G* level. Geometries of the reactants, intermediate and products of the reaction were optimized and the single point energy calculations of the species were performed. The relative structure data of the reactants, intermediate and products are given.The SET mechanism between ClO2and phenol was confirmed by ab initio calculations. The reaction is exothermic about 200 88 kJ/mol.展开更多
为研制一种适用于酸性条件下的固体H_(2)S抑制剂,在室温(20℃)酸性条件下以水为溶剂、以二乙醇(DEA)胺和二氧化氯(ClO_(2))作为抑制剂对H_(2)S抑制率进行研究,利用硬脂酸、氢氧化钠、羟丙基甲基纤维素、聚乙二醇和七水硫酸锌使抑制剂成...为研制一种适用于酸性条件下的固体H_(2)S抑制剂,在室温(20℃)酸性条件下以水为溶剂、以二乙醇(DEA)胺和二氧化氯(ClO_(2))作为抑制剂对H_(2)S抑制率进行研究,利用硬脂酸、氢氧化钠、羟丙基甲基纤维素、聚乙二醇和七水硫酸锌使抑制剂成型。经实验20 mL 15%的二乙醇胺和0.57%的二氧化氯溶液抑制效果最佳,达到67.14%。不同温度条件下抑制剂对硫化氢的抑制率随温度上升而降低,基本稳定在66%~67%之间。不同温度条件下抑制剂与混合酸液体系(以镇北油田在用酸液体系为例)配伍性良好,抑制率随温度上升而降低,基本稳定在65%~67%之间。实验结果表明:成型抑制剂以抑制剂与七水硫酸锌质量比为1∶9时的抑制剂效果最好,达到80.57%。该新型H_(2)S抑制剂在不同酸性条件、温度下都拥有较好的抑制效果,固态成型后为解决油田液态抑制剂加注困难、加注浪费问题提供了参考方案。展开更多
In acidic medium, malonic used as masking agent, let the mixed aqueous of chlorine dioxide and chlorine react with Fe2+, then have the residual Fe2+ coloured with 1.10phenanthroline solution. The authors...In acidic medium, malonic used as masking agent, let the mixed aqueous of chlorine dioxide and chlorine react with Fe2+, then have the residual Fe2+ coloured with 1.10phenanthroline solution. The authors can quantify the content of chlorine dioxide and chlorine in the water by detecting the difference of absorbtivity of the coloured solution when it is no masking agent and it is added masking agent. The method is simple, innocuity, specific, quick, accurate and sensitive. The mini detect limitation are:Chlorine: 7.66×10-3mg/L,dioxide Chlorine: 2.91×10-3mg/L.R is 0.9997,CV is 2.55%.展开更多
文摘The ongoing SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has rapidly increased the desire to manage bioaerosol exposures in indoor settings. Studies using chlorine dioxide gas (ClO<sub>2</sub>) at low concentrations have shown this intervention to be an effective mitigation strategy against viral, bacterial, and fungal elements in ambient air. There is an array of available products for generating ClO<sub>2</sub> gas however most involve the use of expensive or sophisticated technology that makes their applicability limited to specialized consumers. The purpose of this study was to determine the virucidal efficacy of three pragmatic and affordable, ClO<sub>2</sub> generating products using an aerosolized MS2 surrogate in a sealed chamber room under five different scenarios. The products tested included: Ultrashock—a ClO<sub>2</sub> releasing pod (30 ppmv), Filter Media—a ClO<sub>2</sub> impregnated zeolite media made to fit into an air blower housing (<0.01 ppmv) and Flow Stick—a smaller ClO<sub>2</sub> impregnated media filled air reactor tube (<0.01 ppmv). Testing scenarios included product deployment post MS2 bioaerosol introduction (Ultrashock and Filter Media), during MS2 bioaerosol introduction (Filter Media and Flow Stick) and prior to MS2 bioaerosol introduction (Filter Media). MS2 surface samples were collected using sterile petri-dishes and MS2 and ClO<sub>2</sub> air samples were collected from sampling ports on the outer chamber wall at 0, 90 and 180 minutes. The Ultrashock and Filter Media with air flow in the rapid sweep scenario showed the greatest reduction in air MS2 (T<sub>180</sub> = 99.992% and T<sub>180</sub> = 99.996% respectively) compared to the control (T<sub>180 </sub>= 99.6%). When compared to the control results, the filter media with air flow engaged prior to the introduction of MS2 yielded reductions of 99.87% and 99.93% in air and on surfaces respectively at T<sub>0</sub>, demonstrating the protective effect residual ClO2 has against air and surface contamination. These product formats have potential uses as remedial and preventative interventions against viral constituents in air and should undergo further evaluation to determine efficacy and human health risk.
文摘The SET mechanism between chlorine dioxide （ClO2） and phenol was studied by using ab initio method at 4-31G* level. Geometries of the reactants, intermediate and products of the reaction were optimized and the single point energy calculations of the species were performed. The relative structure data of the reactants, intermediate and products are given.The SET mechanism between ClO2and phenol was confirmed by ab initio calculations. The reaction is exothermic about 200 88 kJ/mol.
文摘为研制一种适用于酸性条件下的固体H_(2)S抑制剂,在室温(20℃)酸性条件下以水为溶剂、以二乙醇(DEA)胺和二氧化氯(ClO_(2))作为抑制剂对H_(2)S抑制率进行研究,利用硬脂酸、氢氧化钠、羟丙基甲基纤维素、聚乙二醇和七水硫酸锌使抑制剂成型。经实验20 mL 15%的二乙醇胺和0.57%的二氧化氯溶液抑制效果最佳,达到67.14%。不同温度条件下抑制剂对硫化氢的抑制率随温度上升而降低,基本稳定在66%~67%之间。不同温度条件下抑制剂与混合酸液体系(以镇北油田在用酸液体系为例)配伍性良好,抑制率随温度上升而降低,基本稳定在65%~67%之间。实验结果表明:成型抑制剂以抑制剂与七水硫酸锌质量比为1∶9时的抑制剂效果最好,达到80.57%。该新型H_(2)S抑制剂在不同酸性条件、温度下都拥有较好的抑制效果,固态成型后为解决油田液态抑制剂加注困难、加注浪费问题提供了参考方案。
文摘In acidic medium, malonic used as masking agent, let the mixed aqueous of chlorine dioxide and chlorine react with Fe2+, then have the residual Fe2+ coloured with 1.10phenanthroline solution. The authors can quantify the content of chlorine dioxide and chlorine in the water by detecting the difference of absorbtivity of the coloured solution when it is no masking agent and it is added masking agent. The method is simple, innocuity, specific, quick, accurate and sensitive. The mini detect limitation are:Chlorine: 7.66×10-3mg/L,dioxide Chlorine: 2.91×10-3mg/L.R is 0.9997,CV is 2.55%.
