Neighbor Sum Distinguishing Index of Graphs with Maximum Average Degree

A proper k-edge coloring of a graph G = (V(G), E(G)) is an assignment c: E(G) → {1, 2, …, k} such that no two adjacent edges receive the same color. A neighbor sum distinguishing k-edge coloring of G is a proper k-edge coloring of G such that for each edge uv ∈ E(G). The neighbor sum distinguishing index of a graph G is the least integer k such that G has such a coloring, denoted by χ’Σ(G). Let be the maximum average degree of G. In this paper, we prove χ’Σ(G) ≤ max{9, Δ(G) +1} for any normal graph G with . Our approach is based on the discharging method and Combinatorial Nullstellensatz.

An Upper Bound for the Adjacent Vertex Distinguishing Acyclic Edge Chromatic Number of a Graph

A proper k-edge coloring of a graph G is called adjacent vertex distinguishing acyclic edge coloring if there is no 2-colored cycle in G and the color set of edges incident to u is not equal to the color set of edges incident to v, where uv ∈E（G）. The adjacent vertex distinguishing acyclic edge chromatic number of G, denoted by χ＇αα（G）, is the minimal number of colors in an adjacent vertex distinguishing acyclic edge coloring of G. In this paper we prove that if G（V, E） is a graph with no isolated edges, then χ＇αα（G）≤32△.

Neighbor Sum Distinguishing Edge Coloring of Subcubic Graphs

A proper edge-k-coloring of a graph G is a mapping from E（G） to {1, 2,..., k} such that no two adjacent edges receive the same color. A proper edge-k-coloring of G is called neighbor sum distinguishing if for each edge uv ∈ E（G）, the sum of colors taken on the edges incident to u is different from the sum of colors taken on the edges incident to v. Let X（G ） denote the smallest value k in such a ＇ G coloring of G. This parameter makes sense for graphs containing no isolated edges （we call such graphs normal）. The maximum average degree mad（G） of G is the maximum of the average degrees of its non-empty subgraphs. In this paper, we prove that if G is a normal subcubic graph with mad（G） 〈 5 then x＇（G） ≤ 5. We also prove that if G is a normal subcubic graph with at least two 2-vertices, 6 colors are enough for a neighbor sum distinguishing edge coloring of G, which holds for the list version as well.

Neighbor Sum Distinguishing Chromatic Index of Sparse Graphs via the Combinatorial Nullstellensatz

Let Ф ： E（G）→ {1, 2,…, k}be an edge coloring of a graph G. A proper edge-k-coloring of G is called neighbor sum distinguishing if ∑eЭu Ф（e）≠∑eЭu Ф（e） for each edge uv∈E（G）.The smallest value k for which G has such a coloring is denoted by χ＇Σ（G） which makes sense for graphs containing no isolated edge（we call such graphs normal）. It was conjectured by Flandrin et al. that χ＇Σ（G） ≤△（G） ＋ 2 for all normal graphs,except for C5. Let mad（G） = max{（2｜E（H）｜）/（｜V（H）｜）｜HЭG}be the maximum average degree of G. In this paper,we prove that if G is a normal graph with△（G）≥5 and mad（G） 〈 3-2/（△（G））, then χ＇Σ（G）≤△（G） ＋ 1. This improves the previous results and the bound △（G） ＋ 1 is sharp.

Neighbor Sum Distinguishing Total Choice Number of Planar Graphs without 6-cycles

Pilsniak and Wozniak put forward the concept of neighbor sum distinguishing(NSD)total coloring and conjectured that any graph with maximum degreeΔadmits an NSD total(Δ+3)-coloring in 2015.In 2016,Qu et al.showed that the list version of the conjecture holds for any planar graph withΔ≥13.In this paper,we prove that any planar graph withΔ≥7 but without 6-cycles satisfies the list version of the conjecture.

单圈图的邻点全和可区别全染色

用结构分析法完整刻画单圈图U的邻点全和可区别全染色,并得到当U■C_(n)且n■0(mod 3)时,ftndiΣ(U)=Δ(U)+2;其他情况下,ftndiΣ(U)=Δ(U)+1.表明邻点全和可区别全染色猜想在任意单圈图上都成立.

三正则构造图的邻点全和可区别全染色

首先,根据Snark图的结构特点,构造基于双星和十字交叉形的两类三正则图;其次,利用穷染法和组合分析法研究四类三正则构造图的邻点全和可区别全染色问题,得到了它们的邻点全和可区别全色数均为2.

Neighbor Distinguishing Total Choice Number of Sparse Graphs via the Combinatorial Nullstellensatz

Let G =（V, E） be a graph and Ф ： V tA E → {1, 2,..., k） be a total-k-coloring of G. Let f（v）（S（v）） denote the sum（set） of the color of vertex v and the colors of the edges incident with v. The total coloring Ф is called neighbor sum distinguishing if （f（u） ≠ f（v）） for each edge uv∈ E（G）. We say that Фis neighbor set distinguishing or adjacent vertex distinguishing if S（u） ≠ S（v） for each edge uv ∈ E（G）. For both problems, we have conjectures that such colorings exist for any graph G if k 〉 △（G） ＋ 3. The maximum average degree of G is the maximum of the average degree of its non-empty subgraphs, which is denoted by mad （G）. In this paper, by using the Combinatorial Nullstellensatz and the discharging method, we prove that these two conjectures hold for sparse graphs in their list versions. More precisely, we prove that every graph G with maximum degree A（G） and maximum average degree mad（G） has ch＇＇∑（G） 〈 △（G） ＋ 3 （where ch＇＇∑（G） is the neighbor sum distinguishing total choice number of G） if there exists a pair （k, m） ∈ {（6, 4）, （5, 18/5）, （4, 16）} such that △（G） 〉 k and mad （G） 〈 m.

Neighbor Sum Distinguishing Index of Sparse Graphs

A proper k-edge coloring of a graph G is an assignment of one of k colors to each edge of G such that there are no two edges with the same color incident to a common vertex.Let f(v)denote the sum of colors of the edges incident to v.A k-neighbor sum distinguishing edge coloring of G is a proper k-edge coloring of G such that for each edge uv∈E(G),f(u)≠f(v).Byχ’_∑(G),we denote the smallest value k in such a coloring of G.Let mad(G)denote the maximum average degree of a graph G.In this paper,we prove that every normal graph with mad(G)<10/3 andΔ(G)≥8 admits a(Δ(G)+2)-neighbor sum distinguishing edge coloring.Our approach is based on the Combinatorial Nullstellensatz and discharging method.

双圈图的D(2)-点可区别边染色

图G的一个正常k-边染色f满足对■u,v∈V(G),当d(u,v)≤2时都有S_(f)(u)≠S_(f)(v),其中S_(f)(v)={f(vw)|vw∈E(G)}表示顶点v的所有关联边上所染颜色构成的集合,则称f为图G的k-D(2)-点可区别边染色(简记为k-D(2)-VDEC),将其所需要颜色的最小数k称为D(2)-点可区别边色数,简记为χ’_(2-vd)(G).结合Hall定理证明了最大度为△(G)的双圈图G都有χ’_(2-vd)(G)≤△(G)+2.

若干联图的邻点和可约边染色

该文在已有的图染色概念基础之上,结合实际问题提出了邻点和可约边染色的新概念,设计了一种新型的邻点和可约边染色(adjacent vertex sum reducible edge coloring, AVSREC)算法,该算法采用迭代寻优方式针对有限点内的所有非同构图集进行求解,通过实验结果分析,总结得到了若干联图的定理并给出证明.

图的邻点全和可区别全染色

设f:V(G)∪E(G)→{1,2,…,k}是图G的一个正常k-全染色。令φ(x)=f(x)+eЭx/∑f(e)+∑y∈N(x)/∑f(y),其中N(x)={y∈V(G)|xy∈E(G)}。对任意的边uv∈E(C),若有Φ(u)≠Φ(v)成立,则称f是图G的一个邻点全和可区别k-全染色。图G的邻点全和可区别全染色中最小的颜色数k叫做G的邻点全和可区别全色数,记为f tndi∑(G)。本文确定了路、圈、星、轮、完全二部图、完全图以及树的邻点全和可区别全色数,同时猜想:简单图G(≠K2)的邻点全和可区别全色数不超过△(G)+2。

若干倍图的2-距离和可区别全染色

为了研究图的2-距离和可区别全染色问题,根据倍图的结构特点,通过组合分析法和构造染色函数法,得到了路、圈、星、扇、轮、完全二部图的倍图的2-距离和可区别全色数.

广义Mycielski图M_(n)(C_(m)^(3))的邻和可区别全染色

将阶数至少为4的圈图中距离为3的任意两点连边得到了圈的3次方图,应用构造染色法,研究了广义Mycielski图M_(n)(C_(m)^(3))和M n(C k 2k)的邻和可区别全染色问题,得到了邻和可区别全色数,验证了邻和可区别全色数的猜想对这两类图的正确性.

Neighbor sum distinguishing total colorings via the Combinatorial Nullstellensatz

Let G=(V,E)be a graph andφbe a total coloring of G by using the color set{1,2,...,k}.Let f(v)denote the sum of the color of the vertex v and the colors of all incident edges of v.We say thatφis neighbor sum distinguishing if for each edge uv∈E(G),f(u)=f(v).The smallest number k is called the neighbor sum distinguishing total chromatic number,denoted byχ′′nsd(G).Pil′sniak and Wo′zniak conjectured that for any graph G with at least two vertices,χ′′nsd(G)(G)+3.In this paper,by using the famous Combinatorial Nullstellensatz,we show thatχ′′nsd(G)2(G)+col(G)-1,where col(G)is the coloring number of G.Moreover,we prove this assertion in its list version.

联图P_(m)∨C_(n)的邻和可区别边染色

图G的邻和可区别边染色是指图G的一个正常边染色φ,满足图G中的任意一条边uv,点u关联边的颜色数之和异于点V。图G的一个邻和可区别k-边染色中用到的最小颜色数k,称为图G的邻和可区别边色数。本研究运用数学归纳法、分析法研究了联图P_(m)∨C_(n)的邻和可区别边染色问题,得到了联图P_(m)∨C_(n)的邻和可区别边色数。

边替换图的邻和可区别全染色

考虑图的邻和可区别全染色问题及其相关的1-2猜想.首先,利用独立消圈集法得到剖分图S(G)和三角扩展图R(G)的邻和可区别全色数;其次,当G为任意简单连通图且T为给定的特殊图时,证明边替换图G[T]满足1-2猜想.

若干倍图的邻点全和可区别全染色

为了进一步研究图的邻点全和可区别全染色问题,该文根据倍图的结构性,通过穷染法和染色算法,得到了路、圈、星、扇、轮、完全二部图以及树的倍图的邻点全和可区别全色数的精确值.

P_m∨C_n的点可区别边色数

研究了路和圈的联图的点可区别的边染色,得到了其点可区别的边色数。

C_m·F_n的邻点可区别边色数

Fn表示阶为n+1的扇,当m个Fn的扇心连成圈时,用Cm·Fn表示.设Cm=u1u2…unv1,V(Cm·Fn)={ui|i=1,2,…,m}∪{vij|i=1,2,…,m;j=1,2,…,n},E(Cm·Fn)=E(Cm)∪{uivij|i=1,2,…,m;j=1,2,…,n}∪{vijvi(j+1)|i=1,2,…,m;j=1,2,…,n-1}.研究Cm·Fn的邻点可区别的边色数.