Alzheimer’s disease is a prominent chronic neurodegenerative condition characterized by a gradual decline in memory leading to dementia.Growing evidence suggests that Alzheimer’s disease is associated with accumulat...Alzheimer’s disease is a prominent chronic neurodegenerative condition characterized by a gradual decline in memory leading to dementia.Growing evidence suggests that Alzheimer’s disease is associated with accumulating various amyloid-βoligomers in the brain,influenced by complex genetic and environmental factors.The memory and cognitive deficits observed during the prodromal and mild cognitive impairment phases of Alzheimer’s disease are believed to primarily result from synaptic dysfunction.Throughout life,environmental factors can lead to enduring changes in gene expression and the emergence of brain disorders.These changes,known as epigenetic modifications,also play a crucial role in regulating the formation of synapses and their adaptability in response to neuronal activity.In this context,we highlight recent advances in understanding the roles played by key components of the epigenetic machinery,specifically DNA methylation,histone modification,and microRNAs,in the development of Alzheimer’s disease,synaptic function,and activity-dependent synaptic plasticity.Moreover,we explore various strategies,including enriched environments,exposure to non-invasive brain stimulation,and the use of pharmacological agents,aimed at improving synaptic function and enhancing long-term potentiation,a process integral to epigenetic mechanisms.Lastly,we deliberate on the development of effective epigenetic agents and safe therapeutic approaches for managing Alzheimer’s disease.We suggest that addressing Alzheimer’s disease may require distinct tailored epigenetic drugs targeting different disease stages or pathways rather than relying on a single drug.展开更多
染色体病在目前尚无有效治疗方法,产前诊断是防止染色体病患儿出生的有效措施。随着分子生物学技术的发展,荧光原位杂交(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)技术已逐渐成为解决复杂染色体异常的一种重要方法,染色体特异重复序列...染色体病在目前尚无有效治疗方法,产前诊断是防止染色体病患儿出生的有效措施。随着分子生物学技术的发展,荧光原位杂交(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)技术已逐渐成为解决复杂染色体异常的一种重要方法,染色体特异重复序列探针、全染色体或染色体区域特异性探针、特异性位置探针、端粒或亚端粒探针等多种FISH DNA探针的出现,提高了染色体病的检出率。FISH技术灵敏度高、特异性强、操作简便、实验周期短,在降低染色体病发病率、预防患儿出生方面发挥巨大作用,是产前诊断的重要工具。展开更多
基金supported by a grant from the Massachusetts Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center(5P50 AG 005134)(to SL).
文摘Alzheimer’s disease is a prominent chronic neurodegenerative condition characterized by a gradual decline in memory leading to dementia.Growing evidence suggests that Alzheimer’s disease is associated with accumulating various amyloid-βoligomers in the brain,influenced by complex genetic and environmental factors.The memory and cognitive deficits observed during the prodromal and mild cognitive impairment phases of Alzheimer’s disease are believed to primarily result from synaptic dysfunction.Throughout life,environmental factors can lead to enduring changes in gene expression and the emergence of brain disorders.These changes,known as epigenetic modifications,also play a crucial role in regulating the formation of synapses and their adaptability in response to neuronal activity.In this context,we highlight recent advances in understanding the roles played by key components of the epigenetic machinery,specifically DNA methylation,histone modification,and microRNAs,in the development of Alzheimer’s disease,synaptic function,and activity-dependent synaptic plasticity.Moreover,we explore various strategies,including enriched environments,exposure to non-invasive brain stimulation,and the use of pharmacological agents,aimed at improving synaptic function and enhancing long-term potentiation,a process integral to epigenetic mechanisms.Lastly,we deliberate on the development of effective epigenetic agents and safe therapeutic approaches for managing Alzheimer’s disease.We suggest that addressing Alzheimer’s disease may require distinct tailored epigenetic drugs targeting different disease stages or pathways rather than relying on a single drug.
文摘染色体病在目前尚无有效治疗方法,产前诊断是防止染色体病患儿出生的有效措施。随着分子生物学技术的发展,荧光原位杂交(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)技术已逐渐成为解决复杂染色体异常的一种重要方法,染色体特异重复序列探针、全染色体或染色体区域特异性探针、特异性位置探针、端粒或亚端粒探针等多种FISH DNA探针的出现,提高了染色体病的检出率。FISH技术灵敏度高、特异性强、操作简便、实验周期短,在降低染色体病发病率、预防患儿出生方面发挥巨大作用,是产前诊断的重要工具。
