Dear Editor： Chronic total occlusions （CTOs） of the coronary artery are commonly encountered complex lesionst11. Percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） for CTO is technically challenging due to low procedural ...Dear Editor： Chronic total occlusions （CTOs） of the coronary artery are commonly encountered complex lesionst11. Percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） for CTO is technically challenging due to low procedural success ratesTM. Microcatheter is one of the important devices for treatment of CTOTM. It has been widely used attributed to the excellent crossability whenever angula- tion and tortuousity of the coronary artery is encoun- tered. In the process, the microcatheter has to be withdrawn from the guide wire after the wire is proved to locate in the true lumen.展开更多
Coronary artery chronic total occlusion(CTO)is defi ned as an occluded coronary artery segment without anterograde fl ow for at least three months.It can be classified as a“true”or“functional”CTO based on flow cha...Coronary artery chronic total occlusion(CTO)is defi ned as an occluded coronary artery segment without anterograde fl ow for at least three months.It can be classified as a“true”or“functional”CTO based on flow characteristics.In“true”CTO,there is no anterograde flow.In“functional”CTO,there is minimal anterograde flow through the occluded segment of the coronary artery.CTO is a common fi nding during coronary angiography and its prevalence may vary depending on the reported literature.Among patients without previous coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG),CTO is found in about 20–30% of the patients.CTO may develop insidiously over a period of time and involve a complex interplay between intracellular and extracellular factors,smooth muscle and foam cells,calcifi cation,and neovascularization.There is a growing body of evidence to support that CTO revascularization may improve clinical outcome when compared to medical management.Both the European and American cardiovascular societies support CTO revascularization with a class 2a recommendation(level of evidence B).Historically,due to low procedural success rate,apparent ineffi cient resource utilization,potential increase in complication rates and uncertain clinical benefi ts,only about 10–20%of patients with CTO are treated with percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Recent advances using novel and innovative techniques with dedicated equipment have signifi cantly improved the procedural success rate for CTO PCI to about 90%in the hands of experienced operators.With increasing interest in CTO PCI coupled with increased educational effort,CTO PCI likely will become more accessible to patients in need of CTO revascularization.Ongoing advancement in innovative techniques and equipment will continue to improve procedural success rates and reduce procedural complication rate for CTO PCI.Furthermore,there are a number of prospective clinical trials on the horizon which should help defi ne the clinical benefi ts and limitations of CTO PCI in the near future.展开更多
Treatment of coronary chronic total occlusion(CTO)with percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)has rapidly increased during the past decades.Different strategies and approach were developed in the recent past years lea...Treatment of coronary chronic total occlusion(CTO)with percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)has rapidly increased during the past decades.Different strategies and approach were developed in the recent past years leading to an increase in CTO-PCI procedural success.The goal to achieve an extended revascularization with a high rate of completeness is now supported by strong scientific evidences and consequently,has led to an exponential increase in the number of CTO-PCI procedures,even if are still underutilized.It has been widely demonstrated that complete coronary revascularization,achieved by either coronary artery bypass graft or PCI,is associated with prognostic improvement,in terms of increased survival and reduction of major adverse cardiovascular events.The application of“contemporary”strategies aimed to obtain a state-of-the-art revascularization by PCI allows to achieve long-term clinical benefit,even in highrisk patients or complex coronary anatomy with CTO.The increasing success of CTO-PCI,allowing a complete or reasonable incomplete coronary revascularization,is enabling to overcome the last great challenge of interventional cardiology,adding a“complex”piece to“complete”the puzzle.展开更多
BACKGROUND Percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)of diseased saphenous vein grafts(SVG)continues to pose a clinical challenge.Current PCI guidelines give a class III recommendation against performing PCI on chronical...BACKGROUND Percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)of diseased saphenous vein grafts(SVG)continues to pose a clinical challenge.Current PCI guidelines give a class III recommendation against performing PCI on chronically occluded SVG.However,contemporary outcomes after SVG intervention have incrementally improved with distal protection devices,intracoronary vasodilators,drug-eluting stents,and prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy.AIM To reassess the procedural and long-term outcomes of PCI for totally occluded SVG with contemporary techniques.METHODS This was a retrospective observational study conducted at a single university hospital.The study population consisted of 35 consecutive patients undergoing PCI of totally occluded SVG.Post-procedure dual antiplatelet therapy was continued for a minimum of one year and aspirin was continued indefinitely.Clinical outcomes were assessed at a mean follow-up of 1221±1038 d.The primary outcome was freedom from a major adverse cardiac event(MACE)defined as the occurrence of any of the following:death,myocardial infarction,stroke,repeat bypass surgery,repeat PCI,or graft reocclusion.RESULTS The study group included 29 men and 6 women with a mean age of 69±12 years.Diabetes was present in 14(40%)patients.All patients had Canadian Heart Classification class III or IV angina.Clinical presentation was an acute coronary syndrome in 34(97%)patients.Mean SVG age was 12±5 years.Estimated duration of occlusion was acute(<24 h)in 34%of patients,subacute(>24 h to 30 d)in 26%,and late(>30 d)in 40%.PCI was initially successful in 29/35 SVG occlusions(83%).Total stent length was 52±35 mm.Intraprocedural complications of distal embolization or no-reflow occurred in 6(17%)patients.During longer term follow-up,MACE-free survival was only 30%at 3 years and 17%at 5 years.CONCLUSION PCI of totally occluded SVG can be performed with a high procedural success rate.However,its clinical utility remains limited by poor follow-up outcomes.展开更多
目的观察替格瑞洛联合麝香保心丸对冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞(chronic total occlusion,CTO)患者血管内皮的再生作用。方法根据纳入排除标准选择2019年11月1日至2021年12月31日在医院心内科住院的60例经冠状动脉造影确诊为冠状动脉CTO的患者...目的观察替格瑞洛联合麝香保心丸对冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞(chronic total occlusion,CTO)患者血管内皮的再生作用。方法根据纳入排除标准选择2019年11月1日至2021年12月31日在医院心内科住院的60例经冠状动脉造影确诊为冠状动脉CTO的患者,按治疗方法分为两组,分别为常规组和观察组,每组30例。常规组给予常规治疗和替格瑞洛治疗,观察组在常规组基础上给予麝香保心丸治疗。比较两组治疗前和治疗12个月后血管炎症指数、血管内皮损伤和增殖标志物水平的变化,记录两组内皮舒张功能和侧支循环改善率。结果治疗前两组冠状动脉CTO患者的血管炎症指标、血管内皮损伤和增殖标志物比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,观察组可溶性CD40配体(sCD40L)、高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、内皮素-1(ET-1)、血管性血友病因子(vWF)显著下降,与常规组相比,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);而内皮一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)和Jagged1蛋白均显著升高,与常规组相比,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组冠状动脉CTO患者的内皮舒张功能比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组侧支循环良好率高于常规组(P<0.05)。结论替格瑞洛联合麝香保心丸治疗冠状动脉CTO患者可抑制血管炎症的表达,纠正其内皮功能障碍,促进内皮细胞增殖,改善冠状动脉CTO患者冠状动脉侧支循环。展开更多
目的:探讨经靶向导管注入尼可地尔与重组人尿激酶原(rh-proUK)联合经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)治疗冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞(chronic total occlusion,CTO)的效果及对远期预后的影响。方法:收集2021年9月至2023年1月于我院成功进行PCI术的237...目的:探讨经靶向导管注入尼可地尔与重组人尿激酶原(rh-proUK)联合经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)治疗冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞(chronic total occlusion,CTO)的效果及对远期预后的影响。方法:收集2021年9月至2023年1月于我院成功进行PCI术的237例CTO患者为研究对象,开展回顾性研究。根据治疗方法不同进行分组,将经靶向导管注入尼可地尔联合PCI术治疗的患者纳入尼可地尔组(n=78),将经靶向导管注入rh-proUK联合PCI术治疗的患者纳入rh-proUK组(n=78),将经靶向导管注入尼可地尔与rh-proUK联合PCI术治疗的患者纳入联合组(n=81)。比较3组微循环指标[靶血管心肌梗死溶栓试验(TIMI)血流分级、TIMI心肌灌注分级(TMPG)、校正TIMI血流帧数(cTFC)]、心肌损伤指标[肌酐、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、N末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、肌钙蛋白(IcTnI)]、心功能[左心室舒张末期内径(LVED)、室壁运动积分指数(WMSI)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)]、心肌微循环血流灌注情况[心肌灌注定量分析常数(k)]及不良心血管事件发生率。结果:联合组TMPG 3级占比高于尼可地尔组、rh-proUK组,cTFC低于尼可地尔组、rh-proUK组(P<0.05);术后24h联合组CK-MB、肌酐、IcTnI、NT-proBNP均低于尼可地尔组、rh-proUK组(P<0.05);术后3个月联合组LVEF高于尼可地尔组、rh-proUK组,LVED低于尼可地尔组、rh-proUK组(P<0.05);术后7d联合组基础态、负荷态心肌微循环血流灌注k值高于尼可地尔组、rh-proUK组(P<0.05);3组术后6个月、12个月不良心血管事件总发生率比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:经靶向导管注入尼可地尔与rh-proUK联合PCI术治疗CTO患者可促进术后心肌微循环改善,有助于缓解术后心肌损伤、恢复心功能,改善远期预后。展开更多
Background The safety of percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） for chronic total occlusion （CTO） lesions in remote hospitals without surgical facilities remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate three-year ...Background The safety of percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） for chronic total occlusion （CTO） lesions in remote hospitals without surgical facilities remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate three-year outcomes after CTO for PCI in ten centers around China where no on-site coronary artery bypass grafting （CABG） support was available. Methods A total of 152 patients from 10 Chinese hospitals without on-site surgical facilities were prospectively studied. Intra-procedural and in-hospital events were assessed. Angiographic follow-up was indexed eight months after the initial procedure. Clinical follow-up was extended to three years. The primary outcome was the rate of major adverse cardiac events （MACE）, defined as cardiac death, myocardial infarction and target-vessel revascularization （TVR）. Results The incidence of CTO was 7.9% in patients who underwent PCI, Successful recanalization was achieved in 132 patients （86.8%）. Compared with patients in the PCI success group, patients with PCI procedural failure had longer lesion lengths （（42.32±22.08） mm vs （27.61±22.85） mm, P=0.023）, a higher rate of perforation （25.0% vs 0, P=0.014）, and a greater need for pericardial puncture. There were significant differences in MACE in-hospital and at one year and three years between the failure （10.0%, 30.0% and 35.0%） and the success （3.0%, 12.1% and 14.4%） groups （P=0.037, 0.034 and 0.040, respectively）. These led to a significant decrease in the MACE-free survival rate at one and three years in the failure group, compared with the success group （P=0.031 and 0.023, respectively）. Stump was the only predictor of recanalization success （HR 0.158, 95% Cl 0.041-0.612, P=0.008）, whereas procedural failure （OR 13.023, 95% CI 6.67-13.69, P=0.002）, incomplete revascularization （OR 9.71, 95% CI 2.93-5.59, P=0.005）, and total stent length （OR 6.02, 95% Cl 1.55-11.93, P=0.027） were three independent predictors of MACE. Conclusions PCI for CTO was unsafe in remote hospitals without CABG facilities. Paying attention to coronary perforation is important for successful procedures.展开更多
Objectives:Reported data regarding the prevalence,prognostic impact,and safety and efficacy of revascularization of coronary chronic total occlusion(CTO)in patients with left main coronary artery(LMCA)disease who unde...Objectives:Reported data regarding the prevalence,prognostic impact,and safety and efficacy of revascularization of coronary chronic total occlusion(CTO)in patients with left main coronary artery(LMCA)disease who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)are scarce.The aim of the present study was to compare clinical outcomes among patients with LMCA disease undergoing PCI.Outcomes were compared between those with and without coronary CTO and between those with CTO who had successful and unsuccessful CTO recanalization procedures.Methods:All consecutive patients with significant LMCA disease(>50%stenosis at coronary angiography)who underwent PCI between July 2014 and December 2018 were retrospectively included in our study.The primary endpoint of the study was long-term mortality.Secondary endpoints included the incidence of myocardial infarction,repeat percutaneous or surgical revascularization,stroke,and stent thrombosis.Results:Between July 2014 and December 2018,578 patients underwent PCI for LMCA disease at Pederzoli Hospital and University of Turin were enrolled.They were divided into 3 groups:group A:374(65%)patients without CTO,group B:108(19%)patients with untreated or unsuccessfully treated CTO,and group C:96(17%)patients with successfully treated CTO.At a median follow-up of(1090±279)days,there were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of the primary and secondary endpoints.However,there was a trend towards higher mortality in patients with untreated or unsuccessfully treated CTO(13%vs.19%vs.14%in groups A,B,and C,respectively;P=0.12).The primary and secondary endpoints were further analyzed based on the presence or absence of myocardial viability:subgroup C1:54(56%)patients with successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty(PTCA)having viability,and subgroup C2:42(44%)patients with successful PTCA not having viability.There was a trend toward a statistically significant higher rate of death among patients in group B,who underwent unsuccessful recanalization with viable myocardium(19%vs.9%vs.19%in groups B,C1,and C2,respectively,P=0.05).On multivariable analysis,the propensity for successful revascularization of CTO was associated with a reduced risk of death(P=0.01;odds ratio,0.75;95%confidence interval:0.62-0.87).Conclusions:Among patients with LMCA disease undergoing PCI,CTO represents a common finding associated with worse prognosis.Successful revascularization of CTO in patients with viable myocardium appears to significantly improve prognosis.展开更多
目的研究不同严重程度冠状动脉(冠脉)钙化的存在对于冠脉慢性完全闭塞性病变(CTO)患者经皮冠脉介入治疗(PCI)的影响。方法采用回顾性分析,纳入2019年11月至2021年11月间于辽宁省人民医院心内科成功接受PCI的冠脉慢性完全闭塞性病变患者...目的研究不同严重程度冠状动脉(冠脉)钙化的存在对于冠脉慢性完全闭塞性病变(CTO)患者经皮冠脉介入治疗(PCI)的影响。方法采用回顾性分析,纳入2019年11月至2021年11月间于辽宁省人民医院心内科成功接受PCI的冠脉慢性完全闭塞性病变患者205例,且术中造影结果均证实CTO病变部位存在钙化,根据病变的钙化程度,按照无钙化/轻度钙化(n=119)和中度/重度钙化(n=86)分为两组,分析比较两组患者的基线资料、病变特征、手术策略及手术结局。结果中度/重度钙化的CTO患者的年龄、1年以上吸烟史、糖尿病史、高血压史及既往搭桥手术史显著高于无钙化/轻度钙化的CTO患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。从病变特征上来看,中度/严重钙化组的J-CTO评分更高(3.3±1.0分vs.1.9±0.50分,P<0.001),钝性出口更多(70.9%vs.21.0%,P<0.001),管腔直径更大(3.0 mm vs.2.4 mm,P<0.001),病变更长(30 mm vs.26 mm,P<0.001)等特点。此外,中度/重度钙化组的患者,手术时间更长(165 min vs.108 min,P<0.001),透视时间更久(85 min vs.45min,P<0.001),造影剂应用更多(260.1 ml vs.180.0 ml,P<0.001)。但两组在技术成功率(89.5%vs.95.8%,P=0.141)和手术成功率(86.0%vs.93.3%,P=0.085)相比,差异均无统计学意义。结论相较于无钙化/轻度钙化的CTO病变,中度/重度钙化的CTO病变手术更加复杂,所需手术时间和透视时间更长,造影剂用量更多,但对于经验丰富的术者,钙化病变的程度对于CTO-PCI的手术成功率及术后安全性事件的发生情况并无影响。展开更多
文摘Dear Editor： Chronic total occlusions （CTOs） of the coronary artery are commonly encountered complex lesionst11. Percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） for CTO is technically challenging due to low procedural success ratesTM. Microcatheter is one of the important devices for treatment of CTOTM. It has been widely used attributed to the excellent crossability whenever angula- tion and tortuousity of the coronary artery is encoun- tered. In the process, the microcatheter has to be withdrawn from the guide wire after the wire is proved to locate in the true lumen.
文摘Coronary artery chronic total occlusion(CTO)is defi ned as an occluded coronary artery segment without anterograde fl ow for at least three months.It can be classified as a“true”or“functional”CTO based on flow characteristics.In“true”CTO,there is no anterograde flow.In“functional”CTO,there is minimal anterograde flow through the occluded segment of the coronary artery.CTO is a common fi nding during coronary angiography and its prevalence may vary depending on the reported literature.Among patients without previous coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG),CTO is found in about 20–30% of the patients.CTO may develop insidiously over a period of time and involve a complex interplay between intracellular and extracellular factors,smooth muscle and foam cells,calcifi cation,and neovascularization.There is a growing body of evidence to support that CTO revascularization may improve clinical outcome when compared to medical management.Both the European and American cardiovascular societies support CTO revascularization with a class 2a recommendation(level of evidence B).Historically,due to low procedural success rate,apparent ineffi cient resource utilization,potential increase in complication rates and uncertain clinical benefi ts,only about 10–20%of patients with CTO are treated with percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Recent advances using novel and innovative techniques with dedicated equipment have signifi cantly improved the procedural success rate for CTO PCI to about 90%in the hands of experienced operators.With increasing interest in CTO PCI coupled with increased educational effort,CTO PCI likely will become more accessible to patients in need of CTO revascularization.Ongoing advancement in innovative techniques and equipment will continue to improve procedural success rates and reduce procedural complication rate for CTO PCI.Furthermore,there are a number of prospective clinical trials on the horizon which should help defi ne the clinical benefi ts and limitations of CTO PCI in the near future.
文摘Treatment of coronary chronic total occlusion(CTO)with percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)has rapidly increased during the past decades.Different strategies and approach were developed in the recent past years leading to an increase in CTO-PCI procedural success.The goal to achieve an extended revascularization with a high rate of completeness is now supported by strong scientific evidences and consequently,has led to an exponential increase in the number of CTO-PCI procedures,even if are still underutilized.It has been widely demonstrated that complete coronary revascularization,achieved by either coronary artery bypass graft or PCI,is associated with prognostic improvement,in terms of increased survival and reduction of major adverse cardiovascular events.The application of“contemporary”strategies aimed to obtain a state-of-the-art revascularization by PCI allows to achieve long-term clinical benefit,even in highrisk patients or complex coronary anatomy with CTO.The increasing success of CTO-PCI,allowing a complete or reasonable incomplete coronary revascularization,is enabling to overcome the last great challenge of interventional cardiology,adding a“complex”piece to“complete”the puzzle.
文摘BACKGROUND Percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)of diseased saphenous vein grafts(SVG)continues to pose a clinical challenge.Current PCI guidelines give a class III recommendation against performing PCI on chronically occluded SVG.However,contemporary outcomes after SVG intervention have incrementally improved with distal protection devices,intracoronary vasodilators,drug-eluting stents,and prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy.AIM To reassess the procedural and long-term outcomes of PCI for totally occluded SVG with contemporary techniques.METHODS This was a retrospective observational study conducted at a single university hospital.The study population consisted of 35 consecutive patients undergoing PCI of totally occluded SVG.Post-procedure dual antiplatelet therapy was continued for a minimum of one year and aspirin was continued indefinitely.Clinical outcomes were assessed at a mean follow-up of 1221±1038 d.The primary outcome was freedom from a major adverse cardiac event(MACE)defined as the occurrence of any of the following:death,myocardial infarction,stroke,repeat bypass surgery,repeat PCI,or graft reocclusion.RESULTS The study group included 29 men and 6 women with a mean age of 69±12 years.Diabetes was present in 14(40%)patients.All patients had Canadian Heart Classification class III or IV angina.Clinical presentation was an acute coronary syndrome in 34(97%)patients.Mean SVG age was 12±5 years.Estimated duration of occlusion was acute(<24 h)in 34%of patients,subacute(>24 h to 30 d)in 26%,and late(>30 d)in 40%.PCI was initially successful in 29/35 SVG occlusions(83%).Total stent length was 52±35 mm.Intraprocedural complications of distal embolization or no-reflow occurred in 6(17%)patients.During longer term follow-up,MACE-free survival was only 30%at 3 years and 17%at 5 years.CONCLUSION PCI of totally occluded SVG can be performed with a high procedural success rate.However,its clinical utility remains limited by poor follow-up outcomes.
文摘目的观察替格瑞洛联合麝香保心丸对冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞(chronic total occlusion,CTO)患者血管内皮的再生作用。方法根据纳入排除标准选择2019年11月1日至2021年12月31日在医院心内科住院的60例经冠状动脉造影确诊为冠状动脉CTO的患者,按治疗方法分为两组,分别为常规组和观察组,每组30例。常规组给予常规治疗和替格瑞洛治疗,观察组在常规组基础上给予麝香保心丸治疗。比较两组治疗前和治疗12个月后血管炎症指数、血管内皮损伤和增殖标志物水平的变化,记录两组内皮舒张功能和侧支循环改善率。结果治疗前两组冠状动脉CTO患者的血管炎症指标、血管内皮损伤和增殖标志物比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,观察组可溶性CD40配体(sCD40L)、高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、内皮素-1(ET-1)、血管性血友病因子(vWF)显著下降,与常规组相比,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);而内皮一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)和Jagged1蛋白均显著升高,与常规组相比,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组冠状动脉CTO患者的内皮舒张功能比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组侧支循环良好率高于常规组(P<0.05)。结论替格瑞洛联合麝香保心丸治疗冠状动脉CTO患者可抑制血管炎症的表达,纠正其内皮功能障碍,促进内皮细胞增殖,改善冠状动脉CTO患者冠状动脉侧支循环。
文摘目的:探讨经靶向导管注入尼可地尔与重组人尿激酶原(rh-proUK)联合经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)治疗冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞(chronic total occlusion,CTO)的效果及对远期预后的影响。方法:收集2021年9月至2023年1月于我院成功进行PCI术的237例CTO患者为研究对象,开展回顾性研究。根据治疗方法不同进行分组,将经靶向导管注入尼可地尔联合PCI术治疗的患者纳入尼可地尔组(n=78),将经靶向导管注入rh-proUK联合PCI术治疗的患者纳入rh-proUK组(n=78),将经靶向导管注入尼可地尔与rh-proUK联合PCI术治疗的患者纳入联合组(n=81)。比较3组微循环指标[靶血管心肌梗死溶栓试验(TIMI)血流分级、TIMI心肌灌注分级(TMPG)、校正TIMI血流帧数(cTFC)]、心肌损伤指标[肌酐、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、N末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、肌钙蛋白(IcTnI)]、心功能[左心室舒张末期内径(LVED)、室壁运动积分指数(WMSI)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)]、心肌微循环血流灌注情况[心肌灌注定量分析常数(k)]及不良心血管事件发生率。结果:联合组TMPG 3级占比高于尼可地尔组、rh-proUK组,cTFC低于尼可地尔组、rh-proUK组(P<0.05);术后24h联合组CK-MB、肌酐、IcTnI、NT-proBNP均低于尼可地尔组、rh-proUK组(P<0.05);术后3个月联合组LVEF高于尼可地尔组、rh-proUK组,LVED低于尼可地尔组、rh-proUK组(P<0.05);术后7d联合组基础态、负荷态心肌微循环血流灌注k值高于尼可地尔组、rh-proUK组(P<0.05);3组术后6个月、12个月不良心血管事件总发生率比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:经靶向导管注入尼可地尔与rh-proUK联合PCI术治疗CTO患者可促进术后心肌微循环改善,有助于缓解术后心肌损伤、恢复心功能,改善远期预后。
文摘Background The safety of percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） for chronic total occlusion （CTO） lesions in remote hospitals without surgical facilities remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate three-year outcomes after CTO for PCI in ten centers around China where no on-site coronary artery bypass grafting （CABG） support was available. Methods A total of 152 patients from 10 Chinese hospitals without on-site surgical facilities were prospectively studied. Intra-procedural and in-hospital events were assessed. Angiographic follow-up was indexed eight months after the initial procedure. Clinical follow-up was extended to three years. The primary outcome was the rate of major adverse cardiac events （MACE）, defined as cardiac death, myocardial infarction and target-vessel revascularization （TVR）. Results The incidence of CTO was 7.9% in patients who underwent PCI, Successful recanalization was achieved in 132 patients （86.8%）. Compared with patients in the PCI success group, patients with PCI procedural failure had longer lesion lengths （（42.32±22.08） mm vs （27.61±22.85） mm, P=0.023）, a higher rate of perforation （25.0% vs 0, P=0.014）, and a greater need for pericardial puncture. There were significant differences in MACE in-hospital and at one year and three years between the failure （10.0%, 30.0% and 35.0%） and the success （3.0%, 12.1% and 14.4%） groups （P=0.037, 0.034 and 0.040, respectively）. These led to a significant decrease in the MACE-free survival rate at one and three years in the failure group, compared with the success group （P=0.031 and 0.023, respectively）. Stump was the only predictor of recanalization success （HR 0.158, 95% Cl 0.041-0.612, P=0.008）, whereas procedural failure （OR 13.023, 95% CI 6.67-13.69, P=0.002）, incomplete revascularization （OR 9.71, 95% CI 2.93-5.59, P=0.005）, and total stent length （OR 6.02, 95% Cl 1.55-11.93, P=0.027） were three independent predictors of MACE. Conclusions PCI for CTO was unsafe in remote hospitals without CABG facilities. Paying attention to coronary perforation is important for successful procedures.
文摘Objectives:Reported data regarding the prevalence,prognostic impact,and safety and efficacy of revascularization of coronary chronic total occlusion(CTO)in patients with left main coronary artery(LMCA)disease who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)are scarce.The aim of the present study was to compare clinical outcomes among patients with LMCA disease undergoing PCI.Outcomes were compared between those with and without coronary CTO and between those with CTO who had successful and unsuccessful CTO recanalization procedures.Methods:All consecutive patients with significant LMCA disease(>50%stenosis at coronary angiography)who underwent PCI between July 2014 and December 2018 were retrospectively included in our study.The primary endpoint of the study was long-term mortality.Secondary endpoints included the incidence of myocardial infarction,repeat percutaneous or surgical revascularization,stroke,and stent thrombosis.Results:Between July 2014 and December 2018,578 patients underwent PCI for LMCA disease at Pederzoli Hospital and University of Turin were enrolled.They were divided into 3 groups:group A:374(65%)patients without CTO,group B:108(19%)patients with untreated or unsuccessfully treated CTO,and group C:96(17%)patients with successfully treated CTO.At a median follow-up of(1090±279)days,there were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of the primary and secondary endpoints.However,there was a trend towards higher mortality in patients with untreated or unsuccessfully treated CTO(13%vs.19%vs.14%in groups A,B,and C,respectively;P=0.12).The primary and secondary endpoints were further analyzed based on the presence or absence of myocardial viability:subgroup C1:54(56%)patients with successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty(PTCA)having viability,and subgroup C2:42(44%)patients with successful PTCA not having viability.There was a trend toward a statistically significant higher rate of death among patients in group B,who underwent unsuccessful recanalization with viable myocardium(19%vs.9%vs.19%in groups B,C1,and C2,respectively,P=0.05).On multivariable analysis,the propensity for successful revascularization of CTO was associated with a reduced risk of death(P=0.01;odds ratio,0.75;95%confidence interval:0.62-0.87).Conclusions:Among patients with LMCA disease undergoing PCI,CTO represents a common finding associated with worse prognosis.Successful revascularization of CTO in patients with viable myocardium appears to significantly improve prognosis.
文摘目的研究不同严重程度冠状动脉(冠脉)钙化的存在对于冠脉慢性完全闭塞性病变(CTO)患者经皮冠脉介入治疗(PCI)的影响。方法采用回顾性分析,纳入2019年11月至2021年11月间于辽宁省人民医院心内科成功接受PCI的冠脉慢性完全闭塞性病变患者205例,且术中造影结果均证实CTO病变部位存在钙化,根据病变的钙化程度,按照无钙化/轻度钙化(n=119)和中度/重度钙化(n=86)分为两组,分析比较两组患者的基线资料、病变特征、手术策略及手术结局。结果中度/重度钙化的CTO患者的年龄、1年以上吸烟史、糖尿病史、高血压史及既往搭桥手术史显著高于无钙化/轻度钙化的CTO患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。从病变特征上来看,中度/严重钙化组的J-CTO评分更高(3.3±1.0分vs.1.9±0.50分,P<0.001),钝性出口更多(70.9%vs.21.0%,P<0.001),管腔直径更大(3.0 mm vs.2.4 mm,P<0.001),病变更长(30 mm vs.26 mm,P<0.001)等特点。此外,中度/重度钙化组的患者,手术时间更长(165 min vs.108 min,P<0.001),透视时间更久(85 min vs.45min,P<0.001),造影剂应用更多(260.1 ml vs.180.0 ml,P<0.001)。但两组在技术成功率(89.5%vs.95.8%,P=0.141)和手术成功率(86.0%vs.93.3%,P=0.085)相比,差异均无统计学意义。结论相较于无钙化/轻度钙化的CTO病变,中度/重度钙化的CTO病变手术更加复杂,所需手术时间和透视时间更长,造影剂用量更多,但对于经验丰富的术者,钙化病变的程度对于CTO-PCI的手术成功率及术后安全性事件的发生情况并无影响。
