Identification of QTLs for Yield-Related Traits in the Recombinant Inbred Line Population Derived from the Cross Between a Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat-Derived Variety Chuanmai 42 and a Chinese Elite Variety Chuannong 16

Synthetic hexaploid wheat （SHW） represents a valuable source of new resistances to a range of biotic and abiotic stresses. A recombinant inbred line （RIL） population with 127 recombinant inbred lines derived from a SHW-derived variety Chuanmai 42 crossing with a Chinese spring wheat variety Chuannong 16 was used to map QTLs for agronomic traits including grain yield, grains per square meter, thousand-kernel weight, spikes per square meter, grain number per spike, grains weight per spike, and biomass yield. The population was genotyped using 184 simple-sequence repeat （SSR） markers and 34 sequence-related amplified polymorphism （SRAP） markers. Of 76 QTLs （LOD〉2.5） identified, 42 were found to have a positive effect from Chuanmai 42. The QTL QGy.saas-4D.2 associated with grain yield on chromosome 4D was detected in four of the six environments and the combined analysis, and the mean yield, across six environments, of individuals carrying the Chuanmai 42 allele at this locus was 8.9% higher than that of those lines carrying the Chuannong 16 allele. Seven clusters of the yield-coincident QTLs were detected on 1A, 4A, 3B, 5B, 4D, and 7D.

川麦42中源于人工合成小麦的一个高产位点鉴定

人工合成小麦是改良现代小麦的重要基因资源。川麦42是人工合成小麦与普通小麦杂交育成的高产、抗条锈、广适小麦新品种。利用小麦全基因组的1029个SSR标记扫描,检测了川麦42遗传背景中人工合成小麦导入位点,并利用川麦42与四川小麦品种川农16构建的127个重组自交系(RIL,F8),在4年6个环境下种植获得的农艺性状数据,分析了人工合成小麦导入位点对小麦产量和产量构成因子的遗传效应,在川麦42遗传背景中发现一个高产的人工合成小麦导入位点Barc1183。根据Barc1183分子标记,将RIL群体中的127个株系分为川麦42基因型(具人工合成小麦导入位点)和川农16基因型(具川农16位点)两组,前者的人工合成小麦导入位点能促进分蘖能力,提高有效穗数、每平方米粒数,增加收获指数、籽粒生产率,在4年6个环境下较后者平均增产达8.92%,Barc1183为一高产的人工合成小麦导入位点。利用中国春双端体和硬粒小麦Longdon的D染色体代换系验证,将其定位于小麦4D染色体长臂。川麦42遗传背景中的高产人工合成小麦导入位点Barc1183,对于进一步开展小麦高产育种研究具有重要价值。