Anxiety is a very common mental disorder among neurological diseases. Some herbs have soothing effects and play an important role in reducing anxiety. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Citrus a...Anxiety is a very common mental disorder among neurological diseases. Some herbs have soothing effects and play an important role in reducing anxiety. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Citrus aurantium L. essential oil on anxiety and its interference with serotonergic pathway. Sixty male mice were assigned into control, sham (saline and olive oil), and experimental groups. Intraperitoneal injection of Citrus aurantium L. essential oil was applied at doses of 0.5, 2.5, and 5 percent for 5 days. In another set of experiments, after intraperitoneal injection of Citrus aurantium L. essential oil at doses of 0.5, 2.5, and 5 percent for 5 days, on the 5th day, 30 minutes before applying essential oil, fluoxetine (2 mg/kg) was injected. Then, the anxiety-related behavior was assessed using elevated plus maze test. The results revealed that injection of essential oil of Citrus aurantium L. alone or along with fluoxetine led to increasing the number of entries into the open arms and the time spent in open arms that was significantly different compared with control and sham groups (P?< 0.001). Besides, further effects revealed when fluoxetine added to essential oils, however no more effects obtained when compared to fluoxetine alone. It is concluded that Citrus aurantium L. essential oil can reduce the anxiety in male mice and due to fluoxetin potentiation and maximum response observed, the herb may express its anxiolytic effects in part, via serotonergic system.展开更多
Anxiety is among the most common disorders affecting a great number of people. Different neurotransmitter systems, such as GABAergic system, play an important role in emergence of anxiety-related behaviors. In this st...Anxiety is among the most common disorders affecting a great number of people. Different neurotransmitter systems, such as GABAergic system, play an important role in emergence of anxiety-related behaviors. In this study, we have investigated the effect of Citrus aurantium L. essential oil on anxiety and its interaction with GABAergic pathways. Male mice were assigned into control, sham, and experimental groups. Intraperitoneal injection of Citrus aurantium L. essential oil was applied at doses of 0.5, 2.5, and 5 percent for 5 days. Diazepam (0.1 mg/kg) was injected on the fifth day, thirty minutes before applying Citrus aurantium L. essential oil. The anxiety-related behavior of mice was then assessed using elevated plus-maze test. In groups receiving Citrus aurantium L. essential oil at doses of 2.5 and 5 percent, the percent time spent in the open arms increased significantly (P Citrus aurantium L. essential oil resulted in increasing in the number of entries to the open arms and the percent time spent in the open arms (P Citrus aurantium L. essential oil can reduce anxiety-related behaviors in male mice thah may act via GABAergic system.展开更多
Relationship between sociability and the amount of brain’s dopamine is very well known. In this study, we have examined the effect of Citrus aurantium L. essential oil on anxiety and its interaction with dopaminergic...Relationship between sociability and the amount of brain’s dopamine is very well known. In this study, we have examined the effect of Citrus aurantium L. essential oil on anxiety and its interaction with dopaminergic pathways. 70 male mice were assigned into experimental, control, and sham groups. Essential oil of Citrus aurantium L. was injected intraperitonealy at doses of 0.5%, 2.5% and 5% for 5 days. Subcutaneous injection of haloperidol was administered on the fifth day, 30 minutes before the injection of the essential oil. The anxiety-related behavior of mice was then assessed by elevated plus-maze test. The result of this study showed that the injection of Citrus aurantium L. essential oil at doses of 2.5% and 5% increased significantly the time spent in the open arms (OAT) (p < 0.001), also there was a significant increase in the number of entries into the open arms (OAE). Injection of different doses of the essential oil along with haloperidol significantly increased OAT (p < 0.001(. The results demonstrate that the essential oil of Citrus aurantium L. along with haloperidol medication reduces anxiety-related behaviors.展开更多
Due to our previous findings about the role of GABAegic neurotransmission in anxiolytic effects of Citrus aurantium L. essential oil, we are now presenting flomazenil interaction with this herb, as an antagonist of be...Due to our previous findings about the role of GABAegic neurotransmission in anxiolytic effects of Citrus aurantium L. essential oil, we are now presenting flomazenil interaction with this herb, as an antagonist of benzodiazepines at GABA receptor. The study was performed on 84 male albino mice assigned to 14 groups of six. The animals were injected intraperitoneally with the Citrus aurantium L. essential oil for 5 days. On the fifth day, either normal saline or flomazenil (0.1 mg/kg) was injected to the experimental groups. Thirty minutes after the injection, all the groups were assessed for anxiety-related behavior by elevated plus-maze test. In groups receiving Citrus aurantium L. essential oil at doses of 2.5 and 5 percent, the time spent in the open arms increased significantly (P aurantium L. essential oil regarding the increment in the number of entries to the open arms and the time spent in the open arms (P aurantium L. essential oil induces its anxiolytic effects like benzodiazepines, in the same site at GABA receptor.展开更多
To study the neuro protective effect of flavonoids extracts from immature bitter orange(Citrus aurantium L.),the PC12 cells treated with 6-hydroxydopamine(6-OHDA)were used as the Parkinson’s disease(PD)model.To deter...To study the neuro protective effect of flavonoids extracts from immature bitter orange(Citrus aurantium L.),the PC12 cells treated with 6-hydroxydopamine(6-OHDA)were used as the Parkinson’s disease(PD)model.To determine the optimal dose of 6-OHDA for constructing a PD model,PC12 cells were incubated with different concentrations of 6-OHDA for 24 h.After 24 h incubation,PC12 cells of drug groups were added 6-OHDA and different concentrations of flavonoids extracts were measured cell viability by CCK8 for selecting effective concentration of flavonoids extracts;the ROS level was determined using flow cytometry;the levels of MDA,CAT,SOD and GSH-Px were assayed by Colorimetric kit for oxidative stress investigation.Compared with the model group,PC12 cell viability was significantly enhanced(P<0.05),the levels of ROS and MDA were reduced significantly(P<0.05),and the activities of SOD,CAT and GSH-Px were significantly enhanced(P<0.05)in drug groups.In conclusion,immature bitter orange flavonoids extracts could protect PC12 cells against 6-OHDA-induced oxidative stress.展开更多
文摘Anxiety is a very common mental disorder among neurological diseases. Some herbs have soothing effects and play an important role in reducing anxiety. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Citrus aurantium L. essential oil on anxiety and its interference with serotonergic pathway. Sixty male mice were assigned into control, sham (saline and olive oil), and experimental groups. Intraperitoneal injection of Citrus aurantium L. essential oil was applied at doses of 0.5, 2.5, and 5 percent for 5 days. In another set of experiments, after intraperitoneal injection of Citrus aurantium L. essential oil at doses of 0.5, 2.5, and 5 percent for 5 days, on the 5th day, 30 minutes before applying essential oil, fluoxetine (2 mg/kg) was injected. Then, the anxiety-related behavior was assessed using elevated plus maze test. The results revealed that injection of essential oil of Citrus aurantium L. alone or along with fluoxetine led to increasing the number of entries into the open arms and the time spent in open arms that was significantly different compared with control and sham groups (P?< 0.001). Besides, further effects revealed when fluoxetine added to essential oils, however no more effects obtained when compared to fluoxetine alone. It is concluded that Citrus aurantium L. essential oil can reduce the anxiety in male mice and due to fluoxetin potentiation and maximum response observed, the herb may express its anxiolytic effects in part, via serotonergic system.
文摘Anxiety is among the most common disorders affecting a great number of people. Different neurotransmitter systems, such as GABAergic system, play an important role in emergence of anxiety-related behaviors. In this study, we have investigated the effect of Citrus aurantium L. essential oil on anxiety and its interaction with GABAergic pathways. Male mice were assigned into control, sham, and experimental groups. Intraperitoneal injection of Citrus aurantium L. essential oil was applied at doses of 0.5, 2.5, and 5 percent for 5 days. Diazepam (0.1 mg/kg) was injected on the fifth day, thirty minutes before applying Citrus aurantium L. essential oil. The anxiety-related behavior of mice was then assessed using elevated plus-maze test. In groups receiving Citrus aurantium L. essential oil at doses of 2.5 and 5 percent, the percent time spent in the open arms increased significantly (P Citrus aurantium L. essential oil resulted in increasing in the number of entries to the open arms and the percent time spent in the open arms (P Citrus aurantium L. essential oil can reduce anxiety-related behaviors in male mice thah may act via GABAergic system.
文摘Relationship between sociability and the amount of brain’s dopamine is very well known. In this study, we have examined the effect of Citrus aurantium L. essential oil on anxiety and its interaction with dopaminergic pathways. 70 male mice were assigned into experimental, control, and sham groups. Essential oil of Citrus aurantium L. was injected intraperitonealy at doses of 0.5%, 2.5% and 5% for 5 days. Subcutaneous injection of haloperidol was administered on the fifth day, 30 minutes before the injection of the essential oil. The anxiety-related behavior of mice was then assessed by elevated plus-maze test. The result of this study showed that the injection of Citrus aurantium L. essential oil at doses of 2.5% and 5% increased significantly the time spent in the open arms (OAT) (p < 0.001), also there was a significant increase in the number of entries into the open arms (OAE). Injection of different doses of the essential oil along with haloperidol significantly increased OAT (p < 0.001(. The results demonstrate that the essential oil of Citrus aurantium L. along with haloperidol medication reduces anxiety-related behaviors.
文摘Due to our previous findings about the role of GABAegic neurotransmission in anxiolytic effects of Citrus aurantium L. essential oil, we are now presenting flomazenil interaction with this herb, as an antagonist of benzodiazepines at GABA receptor. The study was performed on 84 male albino mice assigned to 14 groups of six. The animals were injected intraperitoneally with the Citrus aurantium L. essential oil for 5 days. On the fifth day, either normal saline or flomazenil (0.1 mg/kg) was injected to the experimental groups. Thirty minutes after the injection, all the groups were assessed for anxiety-related behavior by elevated plus-maze test. In groups receiving Citrus aurantium L. essential oil at doses of 2.5 and 5 percent, the time spent in the open arms increased significantly (P aurantium L. essential oil regarding the increment in the number of entries to the open arms and the time spent in the open arms (P aurantium L. essential oil induces its anxiolytic effects like benzodiazepines, in the same site at GABA receptor.
文摘To study the neuro protective effect of flavonoids extracts from immature bitter orange(Citrus aurantium L.),the PC12 cells treated with 6-hydroxydopamine(6-OHDA)were used as the Parkinson’s disease(PD)model.To determine the optimal dose of 6-OHDA for constructing a PD model,PC12 cells were incubated with different concentrations of 6-OHDA for 24 h.After 24 h incubation,PC12 cells of drug groups were added 6-OHDA and different concentrations of flavonoids extracts were measured cell viability by CCK8 for selecting effective concentration of flavonoids extracts;the ROS level was determined using flow cytometry;the levels of MDA,CAT,SOD and GSH-Px were assayed by Colorimetric kit for oxidative stress investigation.Compared with the model group,PC12 cell viability was significantly enhanced(P<0.05),the levels of ROS and MDA were reduced significantly(P<0.05),and the activities of SOD,CAT and GSH-Px were significantly enhanced(P<0.05)in drug groups.In conclusion,immature bitter orange flavonoids extracts could protect PC12 cells against 6-OHDA-induced oxidative stress.
