Spatial Identification of Urban Ecological Function on the North Slope of Qinling Mountains Based on Ecological Sensitivity—A Case Study in Baoji, China

Since the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, ecological civilization has been the key construction goal in China, which has a profound impact on the process of urbanization. In recent years, with the rapid development of urbanization and unreasonable land development and utilization, the ecological environment has deteriorated sharply, and the stability of ecological environment has always been a difficult problem in the process of regional development. The spatial division of urban ecological function can be divided into different types of spatial utilization according to the fragile state of ecological environment, which not only guarantees urban construction but also maintains the ecological environment health, and has great economic benefits and ecological value in formulating regional development strategies and ecological protection. In this paper, from four perspectives of “land, water, human and forest”, eight factors affecting ecological sensitivity were selected, and GIS spatial superposition method was used to conduct qualitative and quantitative analysis on the ecological sensitivity of Baoji City, and the evaluation results of single factor ecological sensitivity and comprehensive ecological sensitivity were obtained. The areas with different ecological sensitivity are divided into extremely sensitive areas, highly sensitive areas, moderately sensitive areas, slightly sensitive areas and non-sensitive areas. The research shows that the proportion of extreme, high, moderate, mild and insensitive areas in Baoji City is 7.32%, 10.57%, 22.25%, 42.91% and 16.95% respectively. Finally, the areas with different sensitivity grades are identified as three types of urban ecological function areas: ecological conservation area, ecological coordinated moderate utilization area and ecological suitable construction area, so as to provide scientific theoretical basis for urban construction and land use optimization in Baoji City.

Construction of Urban Ecological Garden in Qinhuangdao City

By applying the relevant theories of constructing urban ecological gardens,the problems existing in the ecological garden city construction of Qinhuangdao City were analyzed,the construction planning and countermeasures were put forward.

Ecological Garden City Green System Plan in Shenyang City

Based on analyzing the current situation of green space in Shenyang City, the plan conception and goal of an ecological garden city green space system is proposed. Taking the corridors in urban areas as a support, a scientific system of urban and suburban areas is established, strengthening the construction of natural ecological green land which is around the city fringe area and the urban river system.

On Construction and Development of Ecological Garden City in Handan

Through introducing the connotation of ecological garden city, the paper analyzed the current construction situations and problems in Handan City and proposed the countermeasures of building national garden city in Handan.

Value Assessment of Ecosystem Service Function of Ecological Public Welfare Forests in Wenchang City

Based on the measurement parameters and index in the Specifications for Assessment of Forest Ecosystem Services in China(LY/T 1721-2008),the value of ecological service functions of ecological public welfare forest in Wenchang City was evaluated and analyzed.The results show that the total value of ecosystem service function of ecological public welfare forests in Wenchang City is about 4.020 billion yuan,of which storage capacity,water purification,soil fixation,fertilizer(N,P and K fertilizer) conservation,carbon sequestration,oxygen release,forest nutrient accumulation,providing anion,absorbing SO_2,absorbing fluoride,absorbing NxO,absorbing soil heavy metals,dust retention,noise reduction,sterilization,forest protection,forest biodiversity protection,and forest recreation(ecological tourism) are about 1.510 billion,582.256 million,3.769 million,268.220 million,116.360 million,2.747 million,22.682 million,42.817 million,1.722 million,74,600,131,900,187.918 million,77.409 million,28.721 million,43.090 million,180.696 million,571.036 million,and 108.677 million yuan

The Practice Strategy of Construction of Ecological Garden City in China: A Case Study of Action of “Xuchang Being Full of Green” in Xuchang City

Starting from the purpose and current situation of the implementation of action of "Xuchang being full of green",this study analyzed the problems existing in the implementation of action of "Xuchang being full of green" and discussed the implementation plan of action of "Xuchang being full of green" from two aspects of macro strategy and node promotion strategy,hoping to promote the construction of ecological garden cities in Xuchang and other cities in China.

Clean Production and Ecological Industry:A Key to Eco-city Development

Eco-city development is a healthy process towards sustainable development, within the carrying capacity of local ecosystem through changing production mode, consumption behavior and decision instrument based on ecological economics and system engineering. The key to its planning is an ecological integration to make trade-off between economic wealth and environmental health, between material and spiritual civilization, between natural and human eco-cybernetics. Integration, demonstration, citizens’ participation and scientists’ and technician’s catalyzing are the key instruments for the implementation of the ecocity plan. "Clean production" and "ecological industry" are key elements in comprehensive development towards an eco-city. Beyond the technical and management questions, how to interlink production, consumption and reduction at the local and regional level, the spatial and urban dimension should be considered in order to perform an integrative urban eco-space.

Study on the Planning of Garden Greening Tree Species in Liuzhou City

By analyzing the application situation of greening tree species in Liuzhou City,this study aimed to put forward several strategies and suggestions for garden tree species planning in Liuzhou City according to relevant theories and principles.

Study on the Biodiversity Protection System of Eco-garden City

It is a basic requirement of eco-garden city construction to establish a biodiversity protection system,and also a concrete requirement of ecological development for an eco-garden city.Biodiversity protection system of the eco-garden city includes the following contents:clarifying hierarchical requirements of the urban biodiversity protection,that is,classified protection of planning hierarchy and biodiversity hierarchy;achieving biodiversity protection via the planning system;establishing a quantity index system of urban biodiversity protection.Major strategies for establishing the biodiversity protection system were given as below:giving proper ecological planning and design;providing policy and law support;enhancing the construction of humanistic and education environment.Study on biodiversity protection system in eco-garden city may become an important support for the future quality evaluation of urban construction.

Reviewed Interpretations and Inspirations on the Development and Strategies of Garden City Theory in Singapore

Reconceptualising the construction of Garden Cities in Singapore from the perspective of the history of urban development and urbanization,in conjunction with the development and trends of vertical greening systems.To summarise the principles of development in modern ecosystems in the context of rapid urbanisation and high population density trends:1.Long-term planning and adherence to ecological principles are required for urban construction and development.2.Urban development should insist on controlling and guiding the urbanisation process.3.Strong executive and coordination capacity of the government is an essential force for the development of new cities.4.The cultivation of urban culture is required to be initiated by the government to promote social consensus and directing the power of the public.5.Respond to the trend of the times and make flexible use of science and technology(vertical ecosystems)to solve urban problems.

黄河流域收缩城市“三生”功能耦合协调分析

利用第五、第六和第七次全国人口普查资料对黄河流域的收缩城市进行识别并测算其收缩强度,借助多指标综合评价法、耦合协调度模型分析2010年、2015年和2020年收缩城市的“三生”功能大小及耦合协调度,进一步运用随机森林模型探究其关键影响因素。结果表明:在黄河流域内90个地级市(州、盟)中,持续收缩型城市有27个,阶段收缩型城市有9个,潜在收缩型城市有29个,城市收缩现象显著;不同区域收缩城市的“三生”功能水平差异显著,其中生产和生活功能整体呈上升态势;“三生”功能的耦合协调度呈现由勉强协调向初级协调发展的特征,中、下游区域协调度优于上游,经济社会的快速发展和人民生活水平的提高有助于“三生”功能的耦合协调发展。

面向美好生活的公园城市建设:理论探索与地方实践

当前,公园城市建设已从增加公园绿地的单一建设方式转向场景营造、活动置入、人文赋能等多元融合的发展目标,不断实现人民对美好生活的向往。本文从广阔的城市发展史中去探索和理解公园城市的建设意义,并从公园城市建设的理论内涵与特征,深入分析公园城市的建设路径和发展模式,进一步揭示如何基于面向美好生活的愿景推动公园城市的建设理念不断深入城市规划建设当中。文章强调,公园城市建设是以绿色发展理念为引领的城市发展新模式,是坚持以人为本,以共建、共治、共享的方式构建经济、政治、文化、社会、生态协调发展的现代城市,为推进我国公园城市建设提供理论参考和实践启示。

基于“三生空间”的福州市土地利用功能转型与生态环境效应研究

基于2000、2010、2020年3期土地利用现状遥感监测数据,按照“生产—生活—生态”土地利用主导功能分类,通过土地利用转移矩阵、生态环境质量指数、土地利用转型的生态贡献率等方法,定量分析了2000—2020年间福州市“三生空间”结构转型的时空演化特征与生态环境效应。结果表明:(1)福州市“三生空间”分布格局基本保持一致,生态空间分布最广泛呈缩减趋势,生活空间主要分布在市辖区呈扩张趋势,生产空间主要分布在福州主城区和东部地区呈先减后增趋势。(2)“三生空间”的转换以生态空间的转出、生活空间的转入为主,转入量和转出量并不平衡,转换较为活跃的地区主要分布在福州主城区和东部地区,其他地区转换较为零散。(3)福州市生态环境质量改善和退化趋势并存,但两者发生区域在空间上并不重叠,整体的生态环境质量指数下降,生态环境质量空间分异显著,高值区主要位于永泰县,低值区集中于主城区。生态环境质量的改善主要以农业生产用地、草地生态用地转为林地生态用地为主,林地生态用地和农业生产用地转为工矿生产用地则是导致生态环境质量退化的主要影响因素。

顾及城郊农田生态服务价值的中心城区生态安全网络重构

针对中心城区日益凸显的农业、生态、城镇三类空间冲突问题,借鉴田园城市理论,创新性地提出一种利用城郊高生态价值农田细化城市生态安全网络,构建“三生”空间协调有序的国土空间格局的方法。利用防城港市遥感影像、国土调查和社会经济数据,在城郊耕地综合评价的基础上,采用评价结果修正的当量因子法评估其农田生态价值。进一步利用InVEST、MSPA及MCR模型初步构建市域生态安全网络,再将高生态价值农田作为临时生态节点完成网络重构,并进行对比分析。以重构的新网络指导中心城区的规划分区优化,并对市域和中心城区两级生态网络要素的空间管控规则及联合管理机制进行了探索。结果表明:(1)防城港市区单位面积农田生态价值为35540元/hm^(2),高生态价值农田较均匀的环城分部。(2)重构后的网络新增34个临时节点和51条绿带,延长48.425 km,增加808.89 hm^(2)生态源。(3)新网络能有效引导中心城区形成圈层发展结构,较原网络在连通性、有效性、稳定性上均有所提升。研究结果为注重协调发展的国土空间规划背景下区域空间格局优化提供了新的思路。

基于“三生”功能的晋中市土地利用转型时空特征及驱动因素分析

以“三生”功能为视角,定量分析山西省晋中市土地利用转型特征及其驱动因素,探究市域土地利用转型规律。运用地学信息图谱、多指标综合指数法探究晋中市2000—2020年土地利用转型图谱特征和隐性形态时空格局特征,运用地理探测器分析转型驱动因素。结果表明,2000—2020年晋中市处于高强度的土地利用转型状态。2000—2010年图谱单元变化最为明显的是农业生产用地向绿地生态用地和农村生活用地的转换,2010—2020年图谱单元类型以农业生产用地与绿地生态用地之间的相互转换为主。晋中市各区县转型指数呈持续上升趋势,2020年在晋中市东北部形成“Z”字形空间集聚特征。榆次区、平遥县与其周边的寿阳县、太谷区、祁县和榆社县共同形成“T”字形高速发展区。土地利用转型是自然环境、交通区位、社会经济共同作用的结果。自然环境和交通区位对土地利用显性转型的驱动力较大,交通区位和社会经济因子对隐性转型的驱动力较大。

基于生态敏感性评价的临江市生态功能分区研究

为了保护临江市生态环境,促进临江市可持续发展,选取土地利用类型、土壤条件、降雨量地形起伏度、植被覆盖度和生态保护区6个敏感因子通过ArcGIS的空间分析技术对临江市生态敏感性进行研究评价。评价结果显示临江市整体生态敏感性较高,中敏感区占比最大,零散分布于临江市全域。基于生态敏感性评价结果,在保证村级行政边界完整的情况下,将临江市划分为5个不同功能类型的生态分区,并对各生态分区提出了不同的发展策略和管控措施,以期为此类生态环境良好、生态敏感性较高的区域制定空间保护策略提供参考依据,为推动生态文明建设奠定基础。

从生态隔离绿带到公园城市绿心——基于城市视角的成都环城生态区实践与功能价值变迁

环城生态区是成都市为防止城市蔓延、改善城市生态环境采取的重要举措。本文从城市的角度看环城生态区的建设实践,以成都市确定产业功能区规划、公园城市理念的提出为节点,将环城生态区的建设实践分为三个阶段,探究每一个阶段的城市发展诉求,以及环城生态区的规划应对、空间与社会治理手段、主要功能及价值的变迁,总结经验与得失,以期为其他城市建设可持续发展的人居环境、协调处理保护与发展的长期矛盾提供启示。

基于BP神经网络和路径分析模型的生态园林城市——以郑州为例

生态园林城市绿化规模的预测是生态园林城市发展中的一个核心问题,其与经济指标、社会指标、环境指标存在着复杂的非线性关系。BP神经网络由于具有良好的非线性拟合性能,而被应用于各种预测领域。首先,采用文献分析法梳理出固定资产投资额、GDP等26个影响生态园林城市绿化建设的因素。其次,以2019年被命名为国家生态园林城市的郑州市为研究对象,基于BP神经网络理论训练了生态园林城市绿化规模的预测模型,并对训练集、测试集的预测值和真实值进行对比分析。最后,通过构建路径分析模型梳理出26个影响因素中复杂的因果关系,包括直接间接影响、正负反馈、路径系数等。研究发现:训练的“26-7-1”网络结构的BP神经网络能够准确预测出生态园林城市的绿化规模,进而可为生态园林城市发展中,如何科学、合理地预测适应城市发展的绿化规模提供依据;构建的路径分析模型,可以反映城市发展中各影响因素以何种方式和强度影响生态园林城市绿化建设。

中国式花园城市:理论构建与实践路径

花园城市是生态文明潮流下营造和谐人居环境的一种理想模式,与中国本土文化和城市发展形势相结合被赋予了更丰富的内涵。中国式花园城市吸收国外花园城市建设经验,延续中华传统自然山水观意蕴,拓展现代生态都市主义理论,成为建设人与自然和谐共生现代化的重要载体。其特性包括系统性、人民性、人文性、生态性、强韧性等。在具体构成上以城市要件、环境要件和连通要件为支撑,涵盖微观花园要素、中观花园场景、宏观花园体系三个层次。实践方面可在景观设计上建设开敞花园空间、在空间形态上打造全域花园体系、在功能设置上营造多元花园场景、在治理方式上共享多重花园红利。