Heterogeneous Spaces in the City: Study on Spatial Characteristics of Tibetan Settlements in Chengdu

Settlement of the minorities is a particular heterogeneous space in a metropolis,and such spaces exist as inseparable parts of the city for historical,social and geopolitical reasons.Taking Tibetan settlement in Wuhou District,Chengdu City for example,this study analyzed spatial features and evolution history of minority settlements,and explored how to respect and accept historic signifi cance and cultural value of these heterogeneous spaces during the rapid urban development,and then use them reasonably and reform creatively,so as to maintain their original spatial features and integrate the spaces into the overall urban structure.

“三江并流”区垂直地带传统聚落选址特征及分异研究

高山纵谷区受到严苛的自然条件限制,存在显著的水平和垂直空间异质性,对聚落分布与选址特征产生重要影响。文章在以往主要关注自然地理要素对聚落选址产生影响的基础上,引入表征人文环境的民族属性,以滇西北“三江并流”区德钦-维西段传统聚落为例,采用因子分析和聚类分析,对600余个自然村进行选址特征及其分异总结。结果表明:①海拔、地形、气候条件和民族属性对聚落选址具有显著影响;②根据聚类分析所得的四种聚落选址类型分别为高半山型干寒平坡单民族聚落、中半山型干温坡地民族聚落、河谷型干热小阶地单民族聚落以及复合型暖湿大阶地多民族聚落;③不同聚落形成了具有垂直和水平差异的景观格局以及不同民族适应地形、气候的聚落生计特点。文章进一步识别了高山纵谷地带聚落在垂直和水平维度的适应性规律,强调聚落在进行选址营建时充分融入自然与人文环境的适应性智慧,实现传统聚落的保护与可持续发展。