China is currently facing the problem of large-scale destruction of the overall cityscape brought about by the rapid development of the city. The optimization of urban stocks and the improvement of urban quality have ...China is currently facing the problem of large-scale destruction of the overall cityscape brought about by the rapid development of the city. The optimization of urban stocks and the improvement of urban quality have become the necessary paths for major cities to improve their urban soft power and obtain secondary economic growth. At present, most cities in China are still in the exploratory period of the protection of the cityscape, facing the dilemma of various ways but poor effects. Since the 1990 s, Yangzhou has begun to protect and inherit the cityscape, accumulating systematic protection methods and retaining the complete cityscape. This paper analyzed the characteristic cityscape of the ancient city of Yangzhou, sorted out its strategic methods in the planning management, and summarized the local experience in the inheritance of the characteristic cityscape, in order to provide a reference for China's future cityscape protection work.展开更多
Rohtak is one of the eight priority towns (Regional Centres) of National Capital Region (NCR) Regional Plan 2001. It lies 70 kms north-west from Delhi, the National Capital of India. Located at 28?41'1'' N...Rohtak is one of the eight priority towns (Regional Centres) of National Capital Region (NCR) Regional Plan 2001. It lies 70 kms north-west from Delhi, the National Capital of India. Located at 28?41'1'' North latitude and 76?12'42'' East longitude in the NCR region of Haryana state on National Highway No. 10, it spreads over 100.57 km2. Its population was projected to grow to 500,000 by 2001. Despite its nearness to the national capital it did not attract investment and the rate of urbanization remained low. Rohtak city grew slower than the state of Haryana in the three decades ending in 2001. On being declared as Municipal Corporation in 2010 urban growth of Rohtak took place in the form of extension in territorial jurisdiction and inclusion of urbanized eight villages. The new economic environment demands sustainable land management. Spatial information of land use/land cover types and their change detection in time series are important means for city planning and undertaking development activities. The present work is undertaken in that spirit. It has analyzed the relationship between urban growth and land use changes and their impact on Rohtak city. The period of focus is from 1983 to 2010. Both primary and secondary sources of data have been used for the present study. Secondary sources of data—guide map, topographical sheet and high resolution satellite imageries have been used to detect land use/land cover changes from the study area whereas primary source of data include ground truth and photographs from the field.展开更多
Lao Zhang was a retired construction worker in Hohhot, capital of north China＇s Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region. The old man had worked to build apartment buildings all his life but never expected, even in a dream,...Lao Zhang was a retired construction worker in Hohhot, capital of north China＇s Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region. The old man had worked to build apartment buildings all his life but never expected, even in a dream, to be able to set his home in one of them.展开更多
Semantic segmentation is an important sub-task for many applications.However,pixel-level ground-truth labeling is costly,and there is a tendency to overfit to training data,thereby limiting the generalization ability....Semantic segmentation is an important sub-task for many applications.However,pixel-level ground-truth labeling is costly,and there is a tendency to overfit to training data,thereby limiting the generalization ability.Unsupervised domain adaptation can potentially address these problems by allowing systems trained on labelled datasets from the source domain(including less expensive synthetic domain)to be adapted to a novel target domain.The conventional approach involves automatic extraction and alignment of the representations of source and target domains globally.One limitation of this approach is that it tends to neglect the differences between classes:representations of certain classes can be more easily extracted and aligned between the source and target domains than others,limiting the adaptation over all classes.Here,we address:this problem by introducing a Class-Conditional Domain Adaptation(CCDA)method.This incorporates a class-conditional multi-scale discriminator and class-conditional losses for both segmentation and adaptation.Together,they measure the segmentation,shift the domain in a classconditional manner,and equalize the loss over classes.Experimental results demonstrate that the performance of our CCDA method matches,and in some cases,surpasses that of state-of-the-art methods.展开更多
Harmonious urban color can reduce urban light pollution,relieve the urban heat island effect,improve the living quality and form a distinctive style.However,due to the manifold architectural styles,urban color in metr...Harmonious urban color can reduce urban light pollution,relieve the urban heat island effect,improve the living quality and form a distinctive style.However,due to the manifold architectural styles,urban color in metropolises typically becomes complicated,which may destroy the color harmony of metropolises.Up to now,there has not been enough research on the quantitative expression of the degree of color harmony,and the research on comparing the urban color characteristics of different metropolises is also relatively insufficient.This paper firstly developed a method to quantitatively measure the degrees of color harmony(DCHs)of five metropolises in 2020:London,Tokyo,Chicago,Paris,and Beijing,by writing a Python program and using the Sentinel-2 A remote sensing data.GIS buffers were then used to analyze the spatial distribution of the DCHs within each metropolis.In addition,20 typical samples were selected to analyze the differences of the DCHs between residential and industrial areas.The results showed that:(1)The values of the DCHs of London and Tokyo were the highest,followed by Chicago and Paris,while Beijing was the lowest.(2)The values of the DCHs were increasing from the inside out in Chicago,Paris,and London,while those in Beijing and Tokyo were decreasing.(3)The values of the DCHs in industrial areas were much lower than in residential areas.Based on the above results,policy implications are provided for color management of these metropolises.Lastly,this study may provide a method for the rapid analysis the DCHs for other metropolises.展开更多
This article examines the cultural and architectural exchanges between Shanghai and New York in the mid-20^(th) century and their iconic roles as avant-garde global capitals.It considers the cultural and architectural...This article examines the cultural and architectural exchanges between Shanghai and New York in the mid-20^(th) century and their iconic roles as avant-garde global capitals.It considers the cultural and architectural free-thinkers and the groundbreaking movements they led,as well as their influence on the character and identity of both cities.Art Deco was the emblematic symbol of these modern forces.The article analyses the new technologies and theatrical perspective,the performative and spectacular qualities of Art Deco as the signature styles and cultural heritage of both cities.展开更多
Cityscape is a cultural character of city form and existing environment that developed amid historical process, including natural and social-economic factors, as well as citizens’ lifestyles. It is spirit of the city...Cityscape is a cultural character of city form and existing environment that developed amid historical process, including natural and social-economic factors, as well as citizens’ lifestyles. It is spirit of the city, gives city vitality, preserves, develops and popularizes cities’ culture. Planners should emphasize the protection of urban identities, explore typical and distinctive city features, as well as enhance and strengthen them, to indicate them with architecture and landscape languages and avoid the phenomenon of "thousand cities with same appearances" lead by cloning and copying. Also, the reconstruction of historic features should be carefully differentiated with fake history.展开更多
文摘China is currently facing the problem of large-scale destruction of the overall cityscape brought about by the rapid development of the city. The optimization of urban stocks and the improvement of urban quality have become the necessary paths for major cities to improve their urban soft power and obtain secondary economic growth. At present, most cities in China are still in the exploratory period of the protection of the cityscape, facing the dilemma of various ways but poor effects. Since the 1990 s, Yangzhou has begun to protect and inherit the cityscape, accumulating systematic protection methods and retaining the complete cityscape. This paper analyzed the characteristic cityscape of the ancient city of Yangzhou, sorted out its strategic methods in the planning management, and summarized the local experience in the inheritance of the characteristic cityscape, in order to provide a reference for China's future cityscape protection work.
文摘Rohtak is one of the eight priority towns (Regional Centres) of National Capital Region (NCR) Regional Plan 2001. It lies 70 kms north-west from Delhi, the National Capital of India. Located at 28?41'1'' North latitude and 76?12'42'' East longitude in the NCR region of Haryana state on National Highway No. 10, it spreads over 100.57 km2. Its population was projected to grow to 500,000 by 2001. Despite its nearness to the national capital it did not attract investment and the rate of urbanization remained low. Rohtak city grew slower than the state of Haryana in the three decades ending in 2001. On being declared as Municipal Corporation in 2010 urban growth of Rohtak took place in the form of extension in territorial jurisdiction and inclusion of urbanized eight villages. The new economic environment demands sustainable land management. Spatial information of land use/land cover types and their change detection in time series are important means for city planning and undertaking development activities. The present work is undertaken in that spirit. It has analyzed the relationship between urban growth and land use changes and their impact on Rohtak city. The period of focus is from 1983 to 2010. Both primary and secondary sources of data have been used for the present study. Secondary sources of data—guide map, topographical sheet and high resolution satellite imageries have been used to detect land use/land cover changes from the study area whereas primary source of data include ground truth and photographs from the field.
文摘Lao Zhang was a retired construction worker in Hohhot, capital of north China＇s Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region. The old man had worked to build apartment buildings all his life but never expected, even in a dream, to be able to set his home in one of them.
基金funded by the Ontario Research Fund-Research Excellence program for their supports.
文摘Semantic segmentation is an important sub-task for many applications.However,pixel-level ground-truth labeling is costly,and there is a tendency to overfit to training data,thereby limiting the generalization ability.Unsupervised domain adaptation can potentially address these problems by allowing systems trained on labelled datasets from the source domain(including less expensive synthetic domain)to be adapted to a novel target domain.The conventional approach involves automatic extraction and alignment of the representations of source and target domains globally.One limitation of this approach is that it tends to neglect the differences between classes:representations of certain classes can be more easily extracted and aligned between the source and target domains than others,limiting the adaptation over all classes.Here,we address:this problem by introducing a Class-Conditional Domain Adaptation(CCDA)method.This incorporates a class-conditional multi-scale discriminator and class-conditional losses for both segmentation and adaptation.Together,they measure the segmentation,shift the domain in a classconditional manner,and equalize the loss over classes.Experimental results demonstrate that the performance of our CCDA method matches,and in some cases,surpasses that of state-of-the-art methods.
基金The Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA20040400)。
文摘Harmonious urban color can reduce urban light pollution,relieve the urban heat island effect,improve the living quality and form a distinctive style.However,due to the manifold architectural styles,urban color in metropolises typically becomes complicated,which may destroy the color harmony of metropolises.Up to now,there has not been enough research on the quantitative expression of the degree of color harmony,and the research on comparing the urban color characteristics of different metropolises is also relatively insufficient.This paper firstly developed a method to quantitatively measure the degrees of color harmony(DCHs)of five metropolises in 2020:London,Tokyo,Chicago,Paris,and Beijing,by writing a Python program and using the Sentinel-2 A remote sensing data.GIS buffers were then used to analyze the spatial distribution of the DCHs within each metropolis.In addition,20 typical samples were selected to analyze the differences of the DCHs between residential and industrial areas.The results showed that:(1)The values of the DCHs of London and Tokyo were the highest,followed by Chicago and Paris,while Beijing was the lowest.(2)The values of the DCHs were increasing from the inside out in Chicago,Paris,and London,while those in Beijing and Tokyo were decreasing.(3)The values of the DCHs in industrial areas were much lower than in residential areas.Based on the above results,policy implications are provided for color management of these metropolises.Lastly,this study may provide a method for the rapid analysis the DCHs for other metropolises.
文摘This article examines the cultural and architectural exchanges between Shanghai and New York in the mid-20^(th) century and their iconic roles as avant-garde global capitals.It considers the cultural and architectural free-thinkers and the groundbreaking movements they led,as well as their influence on the character and identity of both cities.Art Deco was the emblematic symbol of these modern forces.The article analyses the new technologies and theatrical perspective,the performative and spectacular qualities of Art Deco as the signature styles and cultural heritage of both cities.
文摘Cityscape is a cultural character of city form and existing environment that developed amid historical process, including natural and social-economic factors, as well as citizens’ lifestyles. It is spirit of the city, gives city vitality, preserves, develops and popularizes cities’ culture. Planners should emphasize the protection of urban identities, explore typical and distinctive city features, as well as enhance and strengthen them, to indicate them with architecture and landscape languages and avoid the phenomenon of "thousand cities with same appearances" lead by cloning and copying. Also, the reconstruction of historic features should be carefully differentiated with fake history.
