The influence of chloride or sulphur dioxide on the corrosion behavior of copper tube in the air-conditioning system was studied using scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersion spectrometer (EDS) and cycli...The influence of chloride or sulphur dioxide on the corrosion behavior of copper tube in the air-conditioning system was studied using scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersion spectrometer (EDS) and cyclic polarization techniques. The results showed that the corrosion of copper tube are mainly caused by the SO42- and Cl- ions in the circulating water, and the former is mainly responsible for the general corrosion of the copper tube whilst the latter for the pitting corrosion. The different influences of SG42- and Cl- ions on the corrosion type of copper tube may be attributed to that the radius of SO42- ion is much larger than that of Cl- ion. Meanwhile the results also indicated that SO42- inhibits the pitting corrosion caused by Cl- and Cl- inhibits the general corrosion initiated by SO42- due to their competitive adsorption on the copper matrix.展开更多
l- ions behavior in Ag(SO_3)3-2 solution was studied. The mechanism of Ag particles formation in the solution was discussed, and factors affecting its formation were investigated.
The mechanism of adsorbing indium(Ⅲ) from sulfate solutions with CL-P204Levextrel resin containing di(-2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid was examined by batch operation andinfrared spectra. The results showed that the P2...The mechanism of adsorbing indium(Ⅲ) from sulfate solutions with CL-P204Levextrel resin containing di(-2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid was examined by batch operation andinfrared spectra. The results showed that the P204 adsorbed on the resin behaved in the similar wayto solvent extraction except that it was as a monomer in resin adsorbing but in dimeric form insolvent extraction. Three factors including temperature, indium(Ⅲ) concentration of solution, andthe size of resin particles which influence the In^(3+)/H^+ exchange on CL-P204 Levextrel resin wereinvestigated by the modified limited batch technique in order to determine the kinetics ofIn^(3+)/H^+ exchange. It was found that the rate of ion exchange increased with the temperature andthe concentration of solution increasing and with the size of the resin particles decreasing.According to the expression developed by Boyd et al., the controlling factor of In^(3+)/H^+ exchangeon CL-P204 Levextrel resin was the diffusion through the resin particles. The effective diffusioncoefficient, activation energy, and entropy of activation in the particle-diffusion were determinedas 1.57 x 10^(-10) m^2/s, 11.9 kJ/mol, -84.1 J/(mol·K), respectively.展开更多
文摘The influence of chloride or sulphur dioxide on the corrosion behavior of copper tube in the air-conditioning system was studied using scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersion spectrometer (EDS) and cyclic polarization techniques. The results showed that the corrosion of copper tube are mainly caused by the SO42- and Cl- ions in the circulating water, and the former is mainly responsible for the general corrosion of the copper tube whilst the latter for the pitting corrosion. The different influences of SG42- and Cl- ions on the corrosion type of copper tube may be attributed to that the radius of SO42- ion is much larger than that of Cl- ion. Meanwhile the results also indicated that SO42- inhibits the pitting corrosion caused by Cl- and Cl- inhibits the general corrosion initiated by SO42- due to their competitive adsorption on the copper matrix.
文摘l- ions behavior in Ag(SO_3)3-2 solution was studied. The mechanism of Ag particles formation in the solution was discussed, and factors affecting its formation were investigated.
文摘The mechanism of adsorbing indium(Ⅲ) from sulfate solutions with CL-P204Levextrel resin containing di(-2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid was examined by batch operation andinfrared spectra. The results showed that the P204 adsorbed on the resin behaved in the similar wayto solvent extraction except that it was as a monomer in resin adsorbing but in dimeric form insolvent extraction. Three factors including temperature, indium(Ⅲ) concentration of solution, andthe size of resin particles which influence the In^(3+)/H^+ exchange on CL-P204 Levextrel resin wereinvestigated by the modified limited batch technique in order to determine the kinetics ofIn^(3+)/H^+ exchange. It was found that the rate of ion exchange increased with the temperature andthe concentration of solution increasing and with the size of the resin particles decreasing.According to the expression developed by Boyd et al., the controlling factor of In^(3+)/H^+ exchangeon CL-P204 Levextrel resin was the diffusion through the resin particles. The effective diffusioncoefficient, activation energy, and entropy of activation in the particle-diffusion were determinedas 1.57 x 10^(-10) m^2/s, 11.9 kJ/mol, -84.1 J/(mol·K), respectively.
文摘【目的】马铃薯是对盐分较敏感的农作物,土壤盐渍化会严重影响马铃薯的生长发育及其产量和品质。有关钙对Na Cl胁迫下马铃薯离子吸收、分布的研究较少。本文通过研究不同浓度Ca Cl2对Na Cl胁迫下马铃薯脱毒苗离子吸收、分布和运输的影响,探讨钙对Na Cl胁迫下马铃薯的调控机制,为盐渍土上马铃薯的生产提供理论依据与技术支持。【方法】以‘克新一号’马铃薯品种为试验材料,采用组织培养方法,将0、5、10、15和20 mmol/L Ca Cl2与0、25、50和75 mmol/L Na Cl分别添加到MS+2mg/L B9+3%蔗糖+0.9%琼脂培养基中,制成不同处理组合的培养基。将继代培养的脱毒苗按单节茎段剪切接种到培养基中进行培养。接种30天时调查脱毒苗生物量和Na+、Cl-、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+、P积累量,并分析Na+/K+、Na+/Ca2+、Na+/Mg2+比值及根系与茎叶的SK、Na、SMg、Na和SCa、Na值,探讨离子吸收、运输及分布情况。【结果】Na Cl胁迫抑制马铃薯脱毒苗的生长,随Na Cl胁迫浓度的增加,马铃薯脱毒苗鲜重、干重显著下降,各器官Na+和Cl-含量极显著增加,K+含量显著下降,Ca2+和Mg2+含量减少,茎、叶中P含量降低而根中P含量增加。Na+/K+、Na+/Ca2+、Na+/Mg2+比值随Na Cl胁迫浓度的增加而升高。随Na Cl胁迫浓度的增加,马铃薯脱毒苗根系与茎叶的SK、Na和SMg、Na值逐渐降低,SCa、Na值呈先升高后降低趋势。0、25和50 mmol/L Na Cl胁迫浓度下,以10 mmol/L Ca Cl2处理的马铃薯脱毒苗根、茎叶鲜重和干重最高,75 mmol/L Na Cl胁迫下以15 mmol/L Ca Cl2处理的马铃薯脱毒苗生物量最高。各Na Cl胁迫浓度下,添加Ca Cl2后,马铃薯脱毒苗各器官Na+含量明显降低,Cl-含量显著增加,K+、Ca2+、Mg2+含量升高,P含量先降低后升高。0、25、50和75 mmol/L Na Cl胁迫浓度下,添加适量Ca Cl2可明显降低马铃薯脱毒苗各器官Na+/K+、Na+/Ca2+、Na+/Mg2+比值,提高SK、Na、SMg、Na和SCa、Na值,增强K+、Ca2+、Mg2+向地上部的选择运输能力,抑制Na+向地上部的选择运输能力,维持细胞内离子平衡,缓解盐胁迫造成的营养亏缺。【结论】Na Cl胁迫下添加外源钙,能够有效改善马铃薯脱毒苗体内的离子平衡,促进营养吸收,Na+向叶片选择运输能力降低,K+、Ca2+、Mg2+向地上部的选择运输能力增强,离子在各器官水平上的区域化分布发生改变是钙缓解盐胁迫的重要生理机制之一。
