Free radicals trigger the closure of open pores in lignin-derived hard carbons toward improved sodium-storage capacity

The chemical activation of various precursors is effective for creating additional closed pores in hard carbons for sodium storage.However,the formation mechanism of closed pores under the influence of pore-forming agents is not well understood.Herein,an effective chemical activation followed by a high-temperature self-healing strategy is employed to generate interconnected closed pores in lignin-derived hard carbon(HCs).By systematic experimental design combined with electron paramagnetic res-onance spectroscopy,it can be found that the content of free radicals in the carbon matrix influences the closure of open pores at high temperatures.Excessively high activation temperature(>700 C)leads to a low free radical concentration,making it difficult to achieve self-healing of open pores at high tempera-tures.By activation at 700°C,a balance between pore making and self-healing is achieved in the final hard carbon.A large number of free radicals triggers rapid growth and aggregation of carbon microcrys-tals,blocking pre-formed open micropores and creating additional interconnected closed pores in as-obtained hard carbons.As a result,the optimized carbon anode(LK-700-1300)delivers a high reversible capacity of 330.8 mA h g^(-1) at 0.03 A g^(-1),which is an increase of 86 mA h g^(-1) compared to the pristine lignin-derived carbon anode(L-700-1300),and exhibits a good rate performance(202.1 mA h g^(-1) at 1 A g^(-1)).This work provides a universal and effective guidance for tuning closed pores of hard carbons from otherprecursors.

Detection of Oxidants Such as Hydroxyl Radicals and Chlorine Electrogenerated on a BDD Electrode by Simple Methods

The aim of this work is to detect electrogenerated hydroxyl radicals and chlorine by simple and less expensive methods. Preparative electrolyses of perchloric acid (HClO4) and sodium chloride (NaCl) were performed on a boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode. The hydroxyl radicals were quantified indirectly by assaying the samples from the HClO4 (0.1 M) electrolysis with a 10−4 M potassium permanganate solution. The investigations showed that the amount of hydroxyl radicals depends on the concentration of HClO4 and the current density. As for chlorine, a qualitative determination was carried out. A mixture of the electrolyte solution of HClO4 (0.1 M) + NaI (0.2 M) + 2 mL of hexane, taken in this order, leads to a purplish-pink coloration attesting to the presence of Cl2. The same test was carried out with NaBr and NaI giving pale and very pale pink colourations, respectively, showing that the intensity of the colouration depends on the strength of the oxidant present. In addition, oxidants were detected during the electrooxidation of metronidazole (MNZ). The results showed the participation of electrogenerated hydroxyl radicals. The generation of chlorine has also been proven. Furthermore, the degradation leads to a chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate of 83.48% and the process is diffusion-controlled.

Radical Hysterectomy in Cervical Cancer: Patients’ Epidemiological and Clinical Profiles and Perioperative Outcome in Two Referral Hospitals in Cameroon

Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most frequent cancers and the leading cause of death from gynecological cancer in Low and middle income countries, Cameroon inclusive. Surgery is the primary treatment modality when the disease is diagnosed at early stage. Radical hysterectomy in cervical cancer has not been evaluated in recent years in Cameroon. The purpose of this study is thus to evaluate the epidemiological and clinical features and short term outcomes of patients who underwent surgery. Patients and methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the Douala Gynaeco-obstetric and Pediatric Hospital and the Douala General Hospital. Cervical cancer patients who underwent Radical hysterectomy between January 2015 and December 2020 were included. A pre-established data collection tool was used to record socio-demographic, clinical and outcomes information from patients’ files;additional outcome information was obtained from phone calls. Descriptive analysis was done using the SPSS version 26. Bivariate analysis was used to determine associations between disease and patients characteristics and occurrence of adverse postoperative outcome. P value of 0.05 was considered. Results: Sixty one patients were enrolled. Their ages ranged from 33 to 74 years with a mean age of 51.95 ± 10.29 years. Over 85% of women were married, 65.57% were unemployed and 86.88% were multiparous. Only 28% had never done cervical cancer screening. Most patients had stage IB1 to IB2 stage disease (57.1%). Less than 9% underwent radical hysterectomy and 8 of those (13.11%) suffered intraoperative complications. Twenty-five patients (40.98%) presented immediate and short term complications. There was no significant association between the disease or patients’ characteristics and adverse outcomes. Conclusion: Cervical cancer patients are relatively young in our settings and only 9% of them reach the hospital at early stage. Postoperative adverse outcomes rate is higher than that reported in the literature. Sensitization on screening and awareness of early symptoms can reverse the situation.

Clinical significance of preoperative nutritional status in elderly gastric cancer patients undergoing radical gastrectomy:A singlecenter retrospective study

BACKGROUND The population of elderly patients with gastric cancer is increasing,which is a major public health issue in China.Malnutrition is one of the greatest risk factors for adverse clinical outcomes in elderly patients with gastric cancer.AIM To investigate the preoperative nutritional status and its association with delayed discharge of elderly gastric cancer patients following radical gastrectomy.METHODS A total of 783 patients aged 65 years and older harboring gastric adenocarcinoma and following radical gastrectomy were retrospectively analyzed from the prospectively collected database of Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University between January 2018 and May 2020.RESULTS The overall rate of malnutrition was 31.8%.The incidence of postoperative complications was significantly higher in the malnourished group compared to the well-nourished group(P<0.001).Nutritional characteristics in the malnourished group,including body mass index,prognostic nutritional index(PNI),albumin,prealbumin,and hemoglobin,were all significantly lower than those in the well-nourished group.The percentage of patients who received postoperative total nutrient admixture was lower in the malnourished group compared to the wellnourished group(22.1%vs 33.5%,P=0.001).Age≥70 years(HR=1.216,95%CI:1.048-1.411),PNI<44.5(HR=1.792,95%CI:1.058-3.032),operation time≥160 minutes(HR=1.431,95%CI:1.237-1.656),and postoperative complications grade III or higher(HR=2.191,95%CI:1.604-2.991)were all recognized as independent risk factors associated with delayed discharge.CONCLUSION Malnutrition is relatively common in elderly patients undergoing gastrectomy.Low PNI is an independent risk factor associated with delay discharge.More strategies are needed to improve the clinical outcome of these patients.

Characteristics and fate behavior of environmentally persistent free radicals in atmospheric particulate matter

Background,aim,and scope Environmentally persistent free radicals(EPFRs)have received significant attention due to their longer lifetime and stable existence in various environments.The strong environmental migration ability of particulate matter allows EPFRs to migrate over long-distance transport,thereby impacting the quality of the local atmospheric environment.Additionally,EPFRs can also adhere to atmospheric particles and interact with typical gaseous pollutants to affect atmospheric chemical reactions.EPFRs can produce some reactive organic species,promoting oxidative stress in the human body,damaging biological macromolecules and ultimately affecting the organism health.EPFRs are considered as a novel type of pollutant that affects human health.Despite their significance,there are few literatures available on the characteristics and fate behaviors of EPFRs up to date.Therefore,supplemental reviews are crucial for providing comprehensive understanding of EPFRs.Materials and methods This review summarizes the characteristics of EPFRs in particulate matter,outlines the generation mechanism and influencing factors of EPFRs,and the impacts of EPFRs on environmental quality and organism health.Results The content of EPFRs in particulate matter ranges from 1017 to 1020 spins∙g−1.Due to the strong mobility of atmospheric particulate matter,the long-term exposure to high levels of EPFRs may aggravate the impact of particulate matter on human health.The interaction between EPFRs and typical gaseous pollutants can alter their fate and influence atmospheric chemical reactions.EPFRs are mainly produced by transition metal elements and substituted aromatic hydrocarbons through electron transfer.Additionally,the chemical bond rupture of organic substances through heat treatment or ultraviolet radiation can also produce EPFRs,and heterogeneous reactions are capable producing them as well.The production of EPFRs is not only influenced by transition metal elements and precursors,but also by various environmental factors such as oxygen,temperature,light radiation,and relative humidity.Discussion EPFRs in atmospheric particulates matters are usually rich in fine particulates with obvious seasonal and regional variations.They can easily enter the human respiratory tract and lungs with inhalable particulates,thereby increasing the risk of exposure.Additionally,EPFRs in atmospheric particulates can interact with some typical gaseous pollutants,impacting the life and fate of EPFRs in the atmosphere,and alter atmospheric chemical reactions.Traditionally,EPFRs are generated by transition metal elements and substituted aromatic hydrocarbons undergoing electron transfer in the post-flame and cool-zone regions of combustion systems and other thermal processes to remove HCl,H_(2)O or CO groups,ultimately produce semiquinones,phenoxyls,and cyclopentadienyls.Recent studies have indicated that EPFRs can also be generated under the conditions of without transition metal elemental.Organics can also produce EPFRs through chemical bond rupture during heat treatment or light radiation conditions,as well as through some heterogeneous reactions and photochemical secondary generation of EPFRs.The presence or absence of oxygen has different effects on the type and yield of EPFRs.The concentration,type,and crystal type of transition metal elements will affect the type,content,and atmospheric lifetime of EPFRs.It is generally believed that the impact of transition metal element types on EPFRs is related to the oxidation-reduction potential.The combustion temperature or heat treatment process significantly affects the type and amount of EPFRs.Factors such as precursor loading content,pH conditions,light radiation and relative humidity also influence the generation of EPFRs.EPFRs can interact with pollutants in the environment during their migration and transformation process in environmental medium.This process accelerates the degradation of pollutants and plays a crucial role in the migration and transformation of organic pollutants in environmental media.The reaction process of EPFRs may lead to the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)such as∙OH,which can induce oxidative stress,inflammation and immune response to biological lung cells and tissues,leading to chronic respiratory and cardiopulmonary dysfunction,cardiovascular damage and neurotoxic effects,ultimately impacting the health of organisms.Conclusions The interaction mechanism between EPFRs in particulate matter and gaseous pollutants remains unclear.Furthermore,research on the generation mechanism of EPFRs without the participation of transition metals is not comprehensive,and the detection of EPFRs is limited to simple qualitative categories and lack accurate qualitative analysis.Recommendations and perspectives Further research should be conducted on the generation mechanism,measurement techniques,migration pathways,and transformation process of EPFRs.It is also important to explore the interaction between EPFRs in atmospheric particulate matter and typical gaseous pollutants.

Clinical Efficacy of Laparoscopic Radical Colorectal Cancer Treatment for Colorectal Cancer and Its Effect on Immune Function

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of laparoscopic radical colorectal cancer treatment in colorectal cancer patients.Methods:A total of 50 colorectal cancer patients treated between August 2018 and August 2023 were randomly divided into two groups:Group A underwent laparoscopic radical colorectal cancer surgery,while Group B received open surgery.Clinical indicators,inflammatory factors,immune function indicators,and complications were compared between the two groups.Results:Group A showed significantly shorter operation times,faster recovery times,and reduced hospital stays compared to Group B.Additionally,Group A had less abdominal drainage and intraoperative bleeding(P<0.05).Levels of interleukin(IL)-4,IL-6,ultrasensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)were lower in Group A compared to Group B(P<0.05).Furthermore,immune function indicators,including CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,and CD4+/CD8+ratios,were better in Group A(P<0.05).The complication rate in Group A was also lower than in Group B(P<0.05).Conclusion:Laparoscopic radical treatment for colorectal cancer is efficient and feasible,causing minimal immune function impairment and inflammatory response.It also shortens postoperative recovery time.

基于CX3CL1/CX3CR1信号通路探讨加味补阳还五汤对卒中后抑郁大鼠神经可塑性的影响

目的探究加味补阳还五汤对卒中后抑郁(PSD)大鼠神经可塑性的影响。方法60只大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、氟西汀组及加味补阳还五汤低、中、高剂量组,采用复合方法制备PSD模型,加味补阳还五汤低、中、高剂量组给予不同剂量加味补阳还五汤(6.7、13.4、26.8 g/kg)灌胃,氟西汀组给予氟西汀(1.8 mg/kg)灌胃,假手术组和模型组给予等体积蒸馏水灌胃,连续21 d。给药结束后,进行神经功能、行为学评分,HE、尼氏染色观察脑组织病理变化,免疫荧光染色观察神经元(Neun)和小胶质细胞(Iba1)之间相互作用,Western blot法检测神经趋化因子(CX3CL1)、CX3CR1、磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PI3K)、苏氨酸激酶(Akt)蛋白表达。结果与模型组比较,各给药组神经功能缺损评分降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),旷场活动总距离和进入中央区域频次增加(P<0.05,P<0.01),不动时间缩短(P<0.05);加味补阳还五汤中、高剂量组和氟西汀组新奇摄食潜伏期缩短(P<0.01),缺血侧海马细胞排列整齐,细胞水肿减轻,细胞基本正常,尼氏小体增多,CX3CL1/Neun、CX3CR1/Iba1荧光强度增强(P<0.05),CX3CL1、CX3CR1、PI3K、p-Akt蛋白表达升高(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论加味补阳还五汤对PSD大鼠具有抗抑郁、神经保护作用,其机制可能与调控CX3CL1/CX3CR1信号通路关键因子、增强神经可塑性有关。

高强韧性轮辋用490CL车轮钢焊接开裂失效分析

采用闪光对焊制成的490CL车轮钢轮辋在扩口成型工序,从焊缝处开裂失效。通过宏观、微观断口形貌观察,化学成分和力学性能检测,显微组织检验,显微硬度测试及能谱成分分析,对高强韧性轮辋用490CL车轮钢焊接开裂原因进行分析。结果表明,焊缝开裂处存在一定面积的以氧化锰为主的焊接“灰斑”,降低了焊缝塑性,导致焊接好的轮辋在扩口成型时从焊缝融合线处开裂。从降低闪光留量、增加顶锻压强等方面调整焊接工艺参数,改善轮辋用490CL车轮钢焊缝质量,轮辋成型时焊缝开裂比率从1.5%降低至0.3%。

采用电量法测定碱液中的Cl^(-)含量

烟气脱硫装置需要测定烟气脱硫系统的碱液、脱硫塔循环液、滤清水样品中Cl^(-),但现有标准在检测范围和适用性上不能满足生产需求。为了使分析检测更加准确,对生产实际起到指导作用,采用电量法建立了适合某公司烟气脱硫装置碱液中Cl^(-)浓度的分析方法,用标样和样品加标回收法进行了回收率验证,回收率在100%±5%范围内,准确度高,可检测Cl^(-)浓度范围为10~1000 mg/L内的碱液。通过对烟气脱硫装置碱液等测量结果进行重复性验证,满足95%概率水平要求,制定了测量结果在10~400 mg/L范围内的重复性限值,为测量未知样品的Cl^(-)含量提供参考。

滇水金凤4CL基因的克隆及表达分析

【目的】4-香豆酰-CoA连接酶(4CL)作为苯丙烷类代谢途径的关键酶之一,对花青素合成起着重要作用。探究滇水金凤4CL基因(命名为Iu4CL)对滇水金凤花色调控的分子机理,为其花色调控及花色育种提供参考依据。【方法】以滇水金凤为材料,采用RT-PCR技术分离克隆Iu4CL1、Iu4CL2、Iu4CL3和Iu4CL4基因,并对其生物信息学进行分析;通过qRT-PCR技术对4CL基因在4种不同花色(白色、粉色、红色和深红色)及其4个不同花发育时期(花苞期S1、始花期S2、盛花期S3和谢花期S4)中的表达情况进行分析。【结果】Iu4CL1、Iu4CL2、Iu4CL3和Iu4CL4的cDNA全长分别为1620、1653、1698、1638 bp,分别编码539、550、565、545个氨基酸;其中Iu4CL1和Iu4CL2分别含有2个和4个内含子,Iu4CL3和Iu4CL4没有内含子。生物信息学分析表明,Iu4CL1、Iu4CL2和Iu4CL4为稳定蛋白,Iu4CL3为不稳定蛋白;4个基因均为无信号肽疏水性蛋白;Iu4CL2有3个跨膜结构,其余3个基因均不存在跨膜结构;Iu4CL基因4个拷贝均属于AMP结合酶超级家族和腺苷酸形成域I类超级家族。同源性分析表明,Iu4CL基因的4个拷贝均与喜马拉雅凤仙花的同源性最高;且Iu4CL1和Iu4CL2处于同一个大的分支中,而Iu4CL3和Iu4CL4处于另一个大的分支中,推测可能为旁系同源。qRT-PCR分析表明,Iu4CL基因的4个拷贝在4种不同花色和4个不同花发育时期的滇水金凤花器官中均有表达,其中Iu4CL1和Iu4CL3基因在白色花器官S3(盛花期)阶段表达量最高;Iu4CL2基因在红色花器官S3(盛花期)阶段表达量达到顶峰;Iu4CL4基因在深红色花器官S3(盛花期)阶段表达量最高。【结论】Iu4CL基因可能在滇水金凤花青素生物合成中发挥重要作用。

g-C_(3)N_(4)锚定Cu(Ⅰ)高选择性催化CCl_(4)合成2,4,4,4-四氯丁腈

以尿素和Cu(NO_(3))_(2)·3H_(2)O为前体,采用热缩合法制备了不同Cu负载量的氮化碳(g-C_(3)N_(4))基催化剂Cu/CNn(n=1、2、3),采用X射线衍射仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱、比表面积测试、扫描电子显微镜及透射电子显微镜对其结构和形貌进行了表征,比较了不同Cu负载量的Cu/CNn催化CCl_(4)与丙烯腈(AN)的原子转移自由基加成(ATRA)反应合成2,4,4,4-四氯丁腈(TBN)的催化性能。结果表明,Cu/CN1呈现优异的催化性能,以乙腈(MeCN)为溶剂,n(Cu/CN1)∶n(AN)=1∶1000,120℃反应12h,TBN的选择性可达96.5%,产率可达83.3%,Cu/CN作为多相催化剂,经过滤处理便可重复利用,使用7次其催化活性仍能稳定保持。基于相关的实验结果,提出了Cu/CN催化CCl_(4)和AN的ATRA反应的氧化-还原循环机理。实验结果揭示了Cu与g-C_(3)N_(4)载体的协同作用机制,为CCl_(4)深加工开发高效的催化体系提供了新的思路。

创伤性膝骨关节炎患者血清CX3CL1、Apelin-13与炎症指标的相关性及预后价值

目的 探索创伤性膝骨关节炎(PTOA)患者血清趋化因子CX3CL1及脂肪细胞因子-13(Apelin-13)的表达水平,并分析二者与炎症指标的相关性及预后价值。方法 选取2020年1月至2022年2月在该院确诊的65例PTOA患者作为试验组,选取同期来该院体检的55例体检健康者作为对照组。通过酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清CX3CL1与Apelin-13的表达水平。Pearson法相关性分析血清CX3CL1与Apelin-13与炎症指标的相关性。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析CX3CL1与Apelin-13对PTOA患者预后的诊断价值。多因素Logistic回归分析PTOA患者预后不良的影响因素。结果 与对照组相比,试验组中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、瘦素、降钙素原(PCT)、超敏C反应蛋白(hsCRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、CX3CL1的表达水平显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),Apelin-13的表达水平显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pearson法相关性分析显示,CX3CL1与IL-6、瘦素、TNF-α呈正相关(r=0.528、0.602、0.511,P<0.001)。Apelin-13与IL-6呈负相关(r=-0.541,P<0.001);多因素Logistic回归分析显示IL-6、瘦素、TNF-α、CX3CL1与Apelin-13是PTOA患者预后不良的影响因素(P<0.05);ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分析显示,与血清CX3CL1和Apelin-13单独指标相比,CX3CL1联合Apelin-13预测预后不良的AUC更大(Z_(联合)-CX3CL1=2.010,P=0.044;Z_(联合)-Apelin-13=2.091,P=0.036)。结论 PTOA患者血清CX3CL1表达水平显著升高,Apelin-13表达水平显著降低,CX3CL1与Apelin-13是PTOA预后不良的影响因素,二者联合检测对于PTOA的预后提供帮助。

Decontamination of Cr(Ⅵ) from water using sewage sludge-derived biochar: Role of environmentally persistent free radicals

Biochar is a well-known material for pollutant removal owing to its low cost and rich surface functionality. A kind of highly active substance, called environmentally persistent free radicals(EPFRs), can be produced in the preparation process of biochar, playing an important role in the removal of pollutants.In this study, sludge-derived biochars(SBC_(120) and SBC_(270)) were prepared by the hydrothermal carbonization under two temperatures(120℃ and 270℃) to investigate their removal abilities of Cr(Ⅵ). The maximum removal amounts of Cr(Ⅵ) by SBC_(120) and SBC_(270) were 16.58 and 22.93 mg·g^(-1), respectively. It was further revealed that the appearance of Cr(Ⅲ), as a result of EPFRs on sludge-derived biochar(SBC) transferred electrons to Cr(Ⅵ) in neutral solutions. That is to say, oxygen-centered(O-centered) EPFRs on SBC_(120) and carbon-centered(C-centered) EPFRs on SBC_(270) all could be used as electron donors to Cr(Ⅵ) to make it become Cr(Ⅲ). This study not only provides a theoretical basis for the mechanism of pollutants removal by sludge-derived biochar but also offers a new perspective on the direct effect of EPFRs on pollutants.

Primary Treatment for Clinically Early Cervical Cancer with Lymph Node Metastasis:Radical Surgery or Radiation?

Objective To compare survival outcomes between primary radical surgery and primary radiation in early cervical cancer.Methods Patient information was extracted from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and Results database.Patients diagnosed with early cervical cancer of stage T1a,T1b,and T2a(American Joint Committee on Cancer,7th edition)from 1998 to 2015 were included in this study after propensity score matching.Overall survival(OS)was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method.Results Among the 4964 patients included in the study,1080 patients were identified as having positive lymph nodes(N1),and 3884 patients were identified as having negative lymph nodes(N0).Patients with primary surgery had significantly longer 5-year OS than those with primary radiotherapy in both the N1 group(P<0.001)and N0 group(P<0.001).In the subgroup analysis,similar results were found in patients with positive lymph nodes of stage T1a(100.0%vs.61.1%),T1b(84.1%vs.64.3%),and T2a(74.4%vs.63.8%).In patients with T1b1 and T2a1,primary surgery resulted in longer OS than primary radiation,but not in patients with T1b2 and T2a2.In multivariate analysis,the primary treatment was identified as an independent prognostic factor in both N1 and N0 patients(HR_(N1)=2.522,95%CI=1.919–3.054,PN1<0.001;HR_(N0)=1.895,95%CI=1.689–2.126,PN0<0.001).Conclusion In early cervical cancer stage T1a,T1b1,and T2a1,primary surgery may result in longer OS than primary radiation for patients with and without lymph node metastasis.

基于自先验信息和TV约束的正交直线扫描CL图像重建

针对正交直线扫描计算机分层成像中存在投影数据不完备的问题,提出一种基于自身先验信息和总变分约束的重建算法用于正交直线扫描计算机分层成像图像重建。首先利用移动叠加算法对两段正交直线扫描数据重建分层图像,通过梯度计算、梯度融合、掩膜操作,获得先验信息;然后利用先验信息和总变分正则项约束进行正交直线扫描计算机分层成像图像重建。实验结果表明,与SART-TV算法相比,该算法可以可提高获取先验信息的效率,提升重建图像质量,有效抑制正交直线扫描计算机分层成像重建图像混叠伪影、降低噪声对重建图像的影响。

Effect of ultrasound-guided lumbar square muscle block on stress response in patients undergoing radical gastric cancer surgery

BACKGROUND Radical surgery is a common treatment for patients with gastric cancer;however,it can lead to postoperative complications and intestinal barrier dysfunction.Ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block is often used for postoperative analgesia,but its effects on stress response and intestinal barrier function are not well understood.AIM To investigate the effects of an ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block on stress response and intestinal barrier function in patients undergoing radical surgery for gastric cancer.METHODS A total of 100 patients undergoing radical surgery for gastric cancer were randomly categorized into observation and control groups.Plasma adrenaline and cortisol levels,intestinal mucosal barrier indexes,and complication rates were compared between the two groups before,during,and 1 day after surgery.RESULTS The observation group had significantly lower plasma adrenaline and cortisol levels during surgery and at 1 day postoperatively than that of the control group(P<0.05).Additionally,intestinal barrier indexes(endotoxin and D-dimer)at 1 day postoperatively were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block could reduce stress response,protect intestinal barrier function,and decrease the incidence of complications in patients undergoing radical surgery for gastric cancer.This technique has the potential for clinical applications.

部分浸泡再生混凝土Mg^(2+)-SO_(4)^(2-)-Cl^(-)复合盐侵蚀耐久性损伤特征与机制

为系统研究与揭示西北地区部分掩埋再生混凝土(RAC)结构耐久性损伤特征与机制,以浓度为20%的复合盐溶液为侵蚀介质,开展了14种掺辅助胶凝材料RAC部分浸泡于复合盐溶液的耐久性试验,综合分析RAC动弹性模量、宏观与微观形貌、侵蚀产物物相组成与相对含量的经时变化规律。部分浸泡RAC沿纵向高度分为饱和区、气-液两相界面区、水分传输区及干燥区。侵蚀初期气-液两相界面区损伤程度高于饱和区;侵蚀中后期饱和区的损伤持平或超过气-液两相界面区,水分传输区损伤初现。饱和区侵蚀状态由初期的化学侵蚀转变为中后期的化学-物理双重侵蚀,气-液两相界面区在侵蚀期间均呈现出化学-物理双重侵蚀。化学侵蚀产物为水镁石、硬石膏/石膏、钙矾石、Friedel盐及碱式氯化镁;物理结晶盐包含氯镁石、白钠镁矾、氯化钠、水合硫酸镁、Na_(2)SO_(4)及芒硝,各侵蚀产物与结晶盐的相对含量均随浸泡时间延长而改变。侵蚀后期,Na_(2)SO_(4)和芒硝相互转化使RAC物理力学性能急速退化。粉煤灰-矿渣复掺RAC抗侵蚀性能整体较好,粉煤灰-硅灰复掺最差,后者在浸泡时间180 d时抗压强度损失率高于60%。矿渣-硅灰-偏高岭土三掺RAC耐久性显著高于粉煤灰-矿渣-偏高岭土三掺,后者在侵蚀180 d时已经溃散。四掺辅助胶凝材料RAC性能衰减速度均匀,但抗侵蚀性能仍处于较低水平,相同浸泡时间下,其耐久性指标均与粉煤灰-矿渣复掺RAC差距较大。

含Cl反应力场ReaxFF的评估

为考察反应分子力场ReaxFF对高氯酸铵(AP)推进剂材料模拟的适应性,从文献中选取了两种含C/H/O/N/Cl有机反应力场,对AP系统中含Cl的典型小分子进行结构和能量扫描计算,并对AP高温裂解过程进行了反应分子动力学模拟。通过对比反应力场与量子力学计算结果发现,现有的含Cl有机反应力场在计算HCl以及部分含H、Cl元素的小分子能量时表现较好,但无法合理描述含高价Cl小分子以及含N、O元素小分子的化学键形成和断裂行为。根据力场分子动力学模拟结果的物种分析,现有的反应力场模拟获得了H_(2)O、O_(2)、NH_(3)、HCl等产物小分子,但未能复现ClO_(2)、HClO 4等高价Cl产物以及NO_(2)、N_(2)O的生成,与实验观测有显著差距。

A Novel Binuclear Cu(Ⅱ) Complex with Nitroxide Radicals Exhibiting Ferromagnetic Interactions

A new binuclear Cu（Ⅱ） complex with nitronyl nitroxide radicals [Cu（NIT3Py）2Cl2]2（NIT3Py = 2-（3＇-pyridinyl）-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide） has been synthesized and structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis.It crystallizes in monoclinic,space group C2/c with a = 38.483（4）,b = 7.2450（8）,c = 27.559（3） ,β = 134.0180（10）°,V = 5525.6（10） 3,C48H64Cl4Cu2N12O8,Mr = 1206.00,Z = 4,Dc = 1.450 g/cm3,μ（MoKα） = 1.025 mm-1,F（000） = 2504,S = 1.066,the final R = 0.0471 and wR = 0.1121 for 3286 observed reflections（I 2σ（I））.The title complex consists of centrosymmetric dinuclear units [Cu（NIT3Py）2Cl2]2,in which the copper ions are square-pyramidally coordinated by two pyridyl nitrogen atoms of two radical ligands and three chlorine anions,two of which bridge the copper ions.The magnetic measurements show ferromagnetic interactions between the copper ions and the radical ligands.

纳米HNS@CL-20-DNB共晶炸药核壳复合物的制备及其性能研究

高能单质含能材料六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(CL-20)由于机械感度过高,限制了其在军事领域的广泛应用。以硬脂酸修饰的纳米六硝基茋(HNS)为表面活性剂,CL-20和1,3-二硝基苯(DNB)的乙酸乙酯溶液为油相,在超声波辅助作用下制备稳定的Pickering乳液,研究了纳米HNS的界面性质、改性纳米HNS的用量及乳液的静置时间对乳液稳定性的影响规律,成功制备纳米HNS@CL-20-DNB共晶炸药核壳复合物,并对复合物的形貌、结构、热分解性能及安全性能进行表征。结果表明:改性HNS含量为10%~20%,静置时间小于200 min时,可以制备均匀稳定的Pickering乳液;核壳复合物粒径约为5μm左右,表面包覆一层改性纳米HNS;由于共晶结构,复合物的热分解峰温为247.7℃,其热分解放热峰温较原料CL-20提高了7.9℃;复合物的特性落高H_(50)为43 cm,摩擦感度爆炸概率为36%,相较于原料CL-20,安全性能大幅提升。本研究所采用的制备方法安全简单且组分无非含能材料,理论上未降低核壳复合物的能量,有望为含CL-20的复合炸药的设计和制备提供新思路,提升CL-20在军事领域的适用性。